Damage activates EXG1 and RLP44 to suppress vascular differentiation during regeneration in Arabidopsis.

Plants possess remarkable regenerative abilities to form de novo vasculature after damage and in response to pathogens that invade and withdraw nutrients. To look for common factors that affect vascular formation upon stress, we searched for Arabidopsis thaliana genes differentially expressed upon Agrobacterium infection, nematode infection and plant grafting. One such gene was cell wall related and highly induced by all three stresses and was named ENHANCED XYLEM AND GRAFTING1 (EXG1) since mutations in it promoted ectopic xylem formation in Vascular cell Induction culture System Using Arabidopsis Leaves (VISUAL) and enhanced graft formation.

Caregiver perceptions of care of a medical-dental community clinic for adults with autism and intellectual disabilities: Implementing a program evaluation.

Background: Providing medical and dental care for adults with developmental disabilities requires specialised care that includes caregiver's perceptions of processes of care as integral to informing care delivery.

Method: We examined the reach and efficacy of a medical-dental clinic serving adults with developmental disabilities as part of a program evaluation in the community setting. Using the RE-AIM framework, we analysed caregivers' perceptions of the processes of care and associations with sociodemographic factors and stress and depression levels.

Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom manifestations in an autistic man with severe intellectual disability following coercion and scalding.

Background: Autistic adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) seem to be particularly vulnerable to potentially traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, this population may be at risk for a different set of traumatic experiences than the general population. However, knowledge is sparse concerning PTSD symptom manifestations in individuals with severe ID.

Occupational stress, coping and wellbeing among registered psychologists working with people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.

Objectives: To characterise the changes at work experienced by psychologists working with people with intellectual disabilities during the pandemic and whether these changes, stressors and aspects of working life were associated with mental wellbeing and occupational stress.

Methods: Ninety-seven psychologists completed an online survey. Free text comments were analysed using thematic analysis and triangulated with our quantitative findings.

Expressions of stress of people with severe intellectual disabilities and sensitive caregiving to regulate stress: A qualitative study.

Background: People with severe to profound intellectual disabilities have particular needs for others to help them regulate stress. Such support may be hampered by difficulties in detecting and interpreting expressions of stress. This study aimed to describe and identify stress-related behaviours and sensitive, stress-regulating responses to these behaviours.

Tension-induced organelle stress: an emerging target in fibrosis.

Fibrosis accounts for approximately one-third of disease-related deaths globally. Current therapies fail to cure fibrosis, emphasizing the need to identify new antifibrotic approaches. Fibrosis is defined by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and resultant stiffening of tissue stroma.

The impact of deicer and anti-icer use on plant communities in stormwater detention basins: Characterizing salt stress and phytoremediation potential.

We present the results of a 1-year study that quantified salt levels in stormwater, soils, and plant tissues from 14 stormwater detention basins across Northern VA in an above-average snow year. We characterize (1) the level of salt stress plants experience, (2) the extent to which current plant communities feature salt tolerant species, and (3) the capacity of these species to phytoremediate soils and reduce the impacts of deicer and anti-icer use. Our results suggest that detention basin vegetation experience a range of salt stress levels that depend on drainage area type (roads: moderate to high > parking lots: low to moderate > pervious areas: none).

Multidimensional sleep health and cognitive function across adulthood.

Study Objectives: Sleep is essential for proper function of the mind and body. Studies report the effect of sleep problems on cognition but focus on only a single or limited number of sleep indicators or on clinical populations (e.g.

A comparative study on in vitro models of necrotizing enterocolitis induced by single and combined stimulation.

Background And Study Aims: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in neonates. In vitro model is an indispensable tool to study the pathogenesis of NEC. This study explored the effects of different stress factors on intestinal injury in vitro.

Unfolded protein response modulates Tyrosinase levels and melanin production during melanogenesis.

Background: Melanocytes protect the body from ultraviolet radiation by synthesizing melanin. Tyrosinase, a key enzyme in melanin production, accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during melanin synthesis, potentially causing ER stress. However, regulating ER function for melanin synthesis has been less studied than controlling Tyrosinase activity.

Emerging biomarkers in Gaucher disease.

Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal disorder characterized by the accumulation of glycosphingolipids in macrophages resulting from glucocerebrosidase (GCase) deficiency. The accumulation of toxic substrates, which causes the hallmark symptoms of GD, is dependent on the extent of enzyme dysfunction. Accordingly, three distinct subtypes have been recognized, with type 1 GD (GD1) as the common and milder form, while types 2 (GD2) and 3 (GD3) are categorized as neuronopathic and severe.

Collaboration between dyspnea clinic and primary care physicians to identify heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the community: Results from the Maebashi City HF project.

Background: Despite increasing awareness in general practice, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains under-diagnosed in the community due to diagnostic difficulties. Dedicated dyspnea clinics are responsible for diagnosing HFpEF and efficient referral from primary care physicians is the key to enhance its role.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was performed to assess the effectiveness of a one-year collaborative project between our dyspnea clinic and the Maebashi Medical Association.

Weight loss therapy and addiction: increased risk after bariatric surgery but reduced risk with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Background: Obesity is an increasing public health problem because of its high prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality. Two weight-loss strategies are currently used, either bariatric surgery or pharmacological therapy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). Preclinical studies in rodents suggested an increased risk of additive disorders after bariatric surgery contrasting with a reduced risk with GLP-1RAs.

Temporal dynamics of PM induced cell death: Emphasizing inflammation as key mediator in the late stages of prolonged myocardial toxicity.

Multiple forms of cell death contribute significantly to cardiovascular pathologies, negatively impacting cardiac remodeling and leading to heart failure. While myocardial cell death has been associated with PM induced cardiotoxicity, the temporal dynamics of various cell death forms, such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, in relation to inflammatory processes, remain underexplored. This study examines the time-dependent onset and progression of these cell death pathways in the myocardium and their correlation with inflammation in a Wistar rat model.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the BBX gene family in Lagerstroemia indica grown under light stress.

B-box proteins (BBX) play pivotal roles in the regulation of numerous growth and developmental processes in plants, particularly the light-mediated biosynthesis of pigments. To elucidate the role of BBX transcription factors in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway of Lagerstroemia indica leaves, this study identified 41 BBX genes in the L. indica genome.

Shading stress promotes lignin biosynthesis in soybean seed coat and consequently extends seed longevity.

The macromolecular components of the seed coat, particularly lignin, play a critical role in regulating seed viability. In the maize-soybean intercropping (MSI) system, shading stress was reported to enhance the viability of soybean seeds. However, the specific role of seed coat lignin in this process remains poorly understood.

Evaluation of biobased materials in the development of polymeric membranes for water capture and purification.

The current study addresses the pressing issue of unsustainable water management, particularly in regions experiencing high water stress. It focuses on examining the viability of polymeric membranes composed of biobased materials, mainly chitosan, for various sustainable water management solutions. The membranes evaluated in the study were blends of PVC with either chitosan-silica or charcoal-silica, designed to enhance their functionality and performance.

A polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta mycelia: Structural characterization and protective effect on antioxidant stress on PC12 cells against HO-induced oxidative damage.

Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. is considered a precious edible and medicinal fungus due to its strict growth environment requirements, difficult to cultivate, resulted in expensive in the market.

Cell wall polysaccharides from macauba pulp (Acrocomia aculeata L.): Fractionation and characterization of their chemical and rheological properties.

Macauba fruit pulp (Acrocomia aculeata) is an emerging oil source. After de-oiling, the macauba pulp meal (MPM) offers a dietary fiber content of 40-50 %, which mainly comprises cell wall polysaccharides (CWP). The present work aimed to assess the potential of MPM as an innovative source of sustainable food polysaccharides.

Identification of novel phenolic inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicine against toxic α-synuclein aggregation via regulating phase separation.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder without cure, is characterized by the pathological aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in Lewy bodies. Classic deposition pathway and condensation pathway contribute to α-Syn aggregation, and liquid-liquid phase separation is the driving force for condensate formation, which subsequently undergo liquid-solid phase separation to form toxic fibrils. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history in treating neurodegenerative disease, herein; we identified chemicals from herbs that inhibit α-Syn aggregation.

Stabilizing effect of HP-β-CD on infliximab in liquid formulations and a solid formulation produced by electrospinning.

The development of stable biopharmaceutical formulations, such as monoclonal antibodies, poses a great challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. This study investigated the stabilizing effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in liquid and solid formulations of infliximab during processing and storage. The solid formulation was produced by a scaled-up high-speed electrospinning method, resulting in a product suitable for reconstitution with excellent dissolution properties.

ACUTE HYPERGLYCEMIA INDUCES PODOCYTE APOPTOSIS BY MONOCYTE TNF-α RELEASE, A PROCESS ATTENUATED BY VITAMIN D AND GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS.

Targeting optimal glycemic control based on hemoglobin A1c (A1c) values reduces but does not abolish the onset of diabetic kidney disease and its progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This suggests that factors other than the average glucose contribute to the residual risk. Vitamin D deficiency and frequent episodes of acute hyperglycemia (AH) are associated with the onset of albuminuria and CKD progression in diabetes.

A prospective study of the association between lifestyle and the risk of depressive symptoms.

Background: Few studies have prospectively, comprehensively, and by sex, examined the relationship between lifestyle and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to longitudinally examine which lifestyle factors are associated with depressive symptoms in a large cohort of Japanese participants stratified by sex.

Methods: Among 9087 office and community-based residents who attended a health measurement course at the Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion between 2001 and 2002, 6629 individuals (3962 men and 2667 women) without prior depressive symptoms were followed until the end of March 2012 to observe the associations between lifestyle factors and the development of new depressive symptoms.

Therapeutic effects of fumaric acid on proteomic expression and gut microbiota composition in Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) infected with Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP).

Recently, microsporidiosis caused by a microsporidian [Ecytonucleospora (Enterocytozoon) hepatopenaei, EHP] has been found to seriously impact the global shrimp industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of fumaric acid (FA) in EHP-infected Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). In the first 2 groups, non-EHP-infected shrimp were fed FA-supplemented (10 g/kg diet) or normal feed (CM+ and CM-, respectively).