Risk factors associated with 1-year mortality after osteoporotic hip fracture in Hawai'i: higher mortality risk among Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders.

Unlabelled: We studied factors affecting osteoporotic hip fracture mortality in Hawai'i, a region with unique geography and racial composition. Men, older adults, higher ASA score, lower BMI, and NHPI race were associated with higher mortality. This is the first study demonstrating increased mortality risk after hip fracture in NHPI patients.

Review on Nerve Blocks Utilized for Perioperative Total Knee Arthroplasty Analgesia.

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is an increasingly common procedure performed for advanced osteoarthritis. Optimal perioperative pain management strategies are critical for early mobilization and shorter hospital stays in TKA. Peripheral nerve blocks commonly used in TKA perioperative analgesia including individual and combined femoral, obturator, sciatic, lumbar plexus, and adductor canal nerve blocks.

Literature Review of Subscapularis Tear, Associated injuries, and the Available Treatment Options.

The population of Hawai'i is uniquely connected to the Ocean and to open water sports. Shoulder injuries, particularly those to the rotator cuff, are among the most common injuries sustained to athletes participating in ocean sports such as surfing, paddling, and swimming. In addition, rotator cuff injuries increase in prevalence with advanced age.

Osteoporosis treatment rates after hip fracture 2011-2019 in Hawaii: Undertreatment of men after hip fractures.

Objectives: To investigate trends of osteoporosis treatment rates, and factors affecting osteoporosis treatment after hip fracture admission within a single health care system in Hawaii.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients aged 50 years or older and hospitalized for hip fractures between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2019 at Hawaii Pacific Health, a large health care system in Hawaii. We collected data on basic demographics and osteoporosis medication prescription from electronic medical records.

A Dose-finding Study Followed by a Phase II Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Chemoradiotherapy With or Without Veliparib in Stage III Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: SWOG 1206 (8811).

Background: We conducted a 2-part study to evaluate the incorporation of veliparib, a PARP inhibitor, into chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer.

Patients And Methods: In the phase I part, patients were treated successively at 3 dose levels of veliparib (40, 80, and 120 mg) twice daily during CRT. In the phase II part, patients were randomized to receive veliparib or placebo during thoracic radiotherapy with concurrent weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel, followed by 2 cycles of consolidation carboplatin and paclitaxel with veliparib or placebo.

Safety of Single-Stage Bilateral Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed in All Eligible Patients at a Honolulu Hospital.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a commonly performed surgery, with candidates often requiring bilateral replacement. Simultaneous, single-stage bilateral THA offers several advantages and the direct anterior approach (DAA) for THA is well-suited for this procedure. In Hawai'i, single-stage bilateral DAA THA has yet to be adopted as a primary practice, and currently, there is limited research on patient outcomes following single-stage bilateral DAA THA in heterogeneous patient populations.

Post total knee arthroplasty alignment of 347 consecutive obese patients receiving a fixed distal femoral cut of 6° valgus.

This study examined post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) mechanical axis (MA), measured on hip-to-ankle radiographs, for patients with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 when a fixed 6° valgus distal femoral cut was made. A retrospective radiographic review included 347 TKAs receiving a distal femoral cut of 6° valgus. A distal femoral cut of 6° valgus successful established a neutral, ±3° MA in 86.

Hip Offset and Leg Length Equalization in Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty without Preoperative Templating.

The standard practice of preoperative templating may be less important for direct anterior approach (DAA) total hip arthroplasty (THA) with intraoperative fluoroscopy (IF). However, this has yet to be tested. The purpose of this retrospective review was to report the hip offset (HO) and leg length (LL) equalization accuracy following 304 consecutively performed DAA THA with IF and no preoperative templating.

Patterns of health care utilization of gout patients in Hawai'i-high rates of emergency department utilization as compared to rheumatoid arthritis.

Recent and comprehensive research of gout in the Pacific region and Hawai'i is significantly lacking. This study was conducted to improve the understanding of the healthcare utilization of gout patients within a single health care system in Hawai'i. The objective was to examine gout inpatient, outpatient and emergency department care within a single health care system in Hawai'i.

Early perioperative complication rates and subsidence with the Tribute short cementless, tapered stem in primary total hip arthroplasty.

This study examined early perioperative complications and subsidence following total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a short femoral stem. A retrospective review of 207 consecutive patients (247 hips) having undergone THA via the direct anterior approach produced only six perioperative complications: two intraoperative fractures, three perioperative femur fractures and one dislocation. Subsidence greater than 5 mm was observed in four hips but subsidence did not progress greater than 3 mm at the latest follow-up.

Addressing large tibial osseous defects in primary total knee arthroplasty using porous tantalum cones.

Background: Tibial osseous defects can present a serious challenge in primary total knee arthroplasty. We describe a technique of using porous tantalum cones along with primary arthroplasty implants to address large tibial osseous defects in primary total knee arthroplasty and present the short-term results.

Methods: We present 17 cases (15 patients) in which primary total knee implants and porous tantalum cones were used to address large tibial bony defects.

Challenges in Optimizing Medical Education for Rheumatologists.

The field of rheumatology has expanded rapidly in recent years, and innovations in immunology, epigenetics, and bone metabolism continue at an astonishing pace. In this fast changing field, optimizing medical education for rheumatologists is vital for maintaining a competent workforce to meet the needs of patients with rheumatic diseases. Several key challenges lie ahead and efforts to optimize medical education for rheumatologists are discussed in this article.

Association between pre- and intraorbital soft tissue volumes and the risk of orbital blowout fractures using CT-based volumetric measurements.

Orbital blowout fractures result from trauma which breaks the bony orbital wall while sparing the rim. Previous research into fracture mechanism has focused on bony anatomy. This study evaluates the role of preorbital and intraorbital soft tissue volume in fracture risk.

Low rates of osteoporosis treatment after hospitalization for hip fracture in Hawaii.

Unlabelled: We evaluated osteoporosis treatment and DEXA utilization rates of patients who were admitted for hip fracture in a single healthcare system in Hawaii from 2015 to 2016. We found that osteoporosis treatment and DEXA utilization rates were low, highlighting a critical gap in osteoporosis care after admission for hip fracture.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate osteoporosis care after an admission for hip fracture at three community hospitals within a single healthcare system in Hawaii.

Results of a lay health education intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening among Filipino Americans: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Filipino colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates fall below Healthy People 2020 goals. In this study, the authors explore whether a lay health educator (LHE) approach can increase CRC screening among Filipino Americans ages 50 to 75 years in Hawai'i.

Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial from 2012 through 2015 compared an intervention, which consisted of LHEs delivering 2 education sessions and 2 telephone follow-up calls on CRC screening plus a CRC brochure versus an attention control, in which 2 lectures and 2 follow-up calls on nutrition and physical activity plus a CRC brochure were provided.

Role of Native Language in Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) of Youth Athletes.

Objective: The aim of this research was to examine the role of native language in the performance of youth athletes on a computerized neuropsychological test battery, the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT).

Method: The study compared the baseline test scores of 5545 participants whose native language was English versus 195 whose native language was not English. The mean age of the participants was 15.

Horizontal Long Axis Imaging Plane for Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a horizontal long axis (HLA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plane aligned to the long axis of the right ventricular (RV) cavity for functional analysis by comparing the measurement variability and time required for the analysis with that using a short-axis (SAX) image orientation.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four cardiac MRI exams with cine balanced steady-state free precession image stacks in both the SAX and the HLA of the RV (RHLA) were evaluated. Two reviewers independently traced RV endocardial borders on each image of the cine stacks.

Peripheral Magnetic Resonance Lymphangiography: Techniques and Applications.

Peripheral lymphedema is a chronic progressive and debilitating disorder that results from abnormal lymphatic drainage. Advances in microsurgical techniques have led to the development of new treatment options for lymphedema that benefit from preoperative imaging to select the most appropriate surgical repair. Magnetic resonance (MR) lymphangiography is a noninvasive imaging modality capable of providing high-resolution 3D images of the lower extremities to define the severity and extent of lymphedema and depict individual lymphatic channels.

Comparison of neuropsychological test scores of high school athletes in high and low contact sports: A replication study.

This replication study re-examined the neuropsychological effects of participation in high and low contact youth sports. Modeled after a recently published investigation, two contact sport groups of participants ages 12 to 18 were formed based on the rate of concussion in their respective sport, with the assumption that more head impacts and neuropsychological effects occur in high contact sports that have a greater number of reported concussions as compared with low contact sports. The preseason baseline ImPACT neuropsychological test scores and symptom scores of non-concussed youth athletes in a High Contact Sport (football, n = 139) and a Low Contact Sport (basketball, baseball, soccer, wrestling, volleyball, paddling, and cheerleading, n = 57) were compared.

Surgical site infection: comparing surgeon versus patient self-report.

Background: To compare the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) using surgeon versus patient report.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study of surgical patients in four hospitals within one private health-care system was performed. Surgeon report consisted of contacting the surgeon or staff 30 d after procedure to identify infections.