Beam hardening artifacts of liquid embolic agents: comparison between Squid and Onyx.

Background: Initial clinical experience with Squid shows subjectively reduced artifacts on post-embolization CT scans compared with Onyx. To further investigate these observations, we aimed to perform a comparison of artifacts between Squid and Onyx in a controlled in vitro model.

Materials And Methods: Onyx 18 and all four variants of Squid (Squid 18, Squid 18 low density (LD), Squid 12, Squid 12 LD) were each injected in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) compatible test tubes.

Distal radius fluoroscopic skyline view: extension-supination versus flexion-supination.

The aim of our study was to compare the vertical fluoroscopic view of the wrist in extension and supination (ES) to the view in flexion and supination (FS) and determine which of the two views allowed the best visualization of four selected anatomical landmarks SDLR (radial styloid, dorsal radius cortex, Lister's tubercle and distal radioulnar joint). Our case series included 50 patients who had suffered a distal radius fracture and undergone an open reduction and internal fixation procedure with a volar locking plate. For each case, two fluoroscopic views were taken: ES (wrist extension and supination) (group I) and FS (wrist flexion and supination) (group II).

Risk Factors of Post-Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone Recurrent High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors of post-large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) recurrent disease and the impact of colposcopic guidance at the time of LLETZ on that risk.

Materials And Methods: From December 2013 to July 2014, 204 patients who had undergone LLETZ for the treatment of high-grade intraepithelial lesion with fully visible cervical squamocolumnar junction were included. The use of colposcopy during each procedure was systematically documented.

18F-FDG PET/CT for invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised patients.

Background: Opportunistic invasive fungal infections (IFIs) comprise a heterogeneous spectrum of pathogens, whose early diagnosis remains challenging. Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp, the most frequent pathogens in immunocompromised patients, frequently affect lungs, liver, bone and skin.

Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques of the spine and spinal cord in children and adults.

Unlabelled: In this article, we illustrate the main advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques used for imaging of the spine and spinal cord in children and adults. This work focuses on daily clinical practice and aims to address the most common questions and needs of radiologists. We will also provide tips to solve common problems with which we were confronted.

CoDE-seq, an augmented whole-exome sequencing, enables the accurate detection of CNVs and mutations in Mendelian obesity and intellectual disability.

Objective: The molecular diagnosis of extreme forms of obesity, in which accurate detection of both copy number variations (CNVs) and point mutations, is crucial for an optimal care of the patients and genetic counseling for their families. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has benefited considerably this molecular diagnosis, but its poor ability to detect CNVs remains a major limitation. We aimed to develop a method (CoDE-seq) enabling the accurate detection of both CNVs and point mutations in one step.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Proximal Junctional Kyphosis: Results of a Multicentric Study of Adult Scoliosis.

Study Design: This was a retrospective multicentric study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the different risk factors for development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in patients with adult scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: This study was conducted as the reasons for development of PJK in adult scoliosis are still not clear.

Data-driven respiratory gating for ventilation/perfusion lung scan.

Background: Ventilation/perfusion lung scan is subject to blur due to respiratory motion whether with planar acquisition or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We propose a data-driven gating method for extracting different respiratory phases from lung scan list-mode or dynamic data.

Methods: The algorithm derives a surrogate respiratory signal from an automatically detected diaphragmatic region of interest.

Full-Thickness Resection Device for Complex Colorectal Lesions in High-Risk Patients as a Last-Resort Endoscopic Treatment: Initial Clinical Experience and Review of the Current Literature.

The full-thickness resection device (FTRD) is a novel endoscopic device approved for the resection of colorectal lesions. This case-series describes the device and its use in high-risk patients with colorectal lesions and provides an overview of the potential indications in recently published data. Between December 2014 and September 2015, 3 patients underwent endoscopic full thickness resection using the FTRD for colorectal lesions: 1 case for a T1 adenocarcinoma in the region of a surgical anastomosis after recto-sigmoidectomy, 1 case for a non-lifting colonic adenoma with low-grade dysplasia in an 89-year old patient and 1 for a recurrent adenoma with high-grade dysplasia in a young patient with ulcerative rectocolitis who was under immunosuppression after renal transplantation.

Dolutegravir reshapes the genetic diversity of HIV-1 reservoirs.

Objectives: Better understanding of the dynamics of HIV reservoirs under ART is a critical step to achieve a functional HIV cure. Our objective was to assess the genetic diversity of archived HIV-1 DNA over 48 weeks in blood cells of individuals starting treatment with a dolutegravir-based regimen.

Methods: Eighty blood samples were prospectively and longitudinally collected from 20 individuals (NCT02557997) including: acutely (n = 5) and chronically (n = 5) infected treatment-naive individuals, as well as treatment-experienced individuals who switched to a dolutegravir-based regimen and were either virologically suppressed (n = 5) or had experienced treatment failure (n = 5).

Points to consider for laboratories reporting results from diagnostic genomic sequencing.

Although NGS technologies are well-embedded in the clinical setting for identification of genetic causes of disease, guidelines issued by professional bodies are inconsistent regarding some aspects of reporting results. Most recommendations do not give detailed guidance about whether variants of uncertain significance (VUS) should be reported by laboratory personnel to clinicians, and give conflicting messages regarding whether unsolicited findings (UF) should be reported. There are also differences both in their recommendations regarding whether actively searching for secondary findings (SF) is appropriate, and in the extent to which they address the duty (or lack thereof) to reanalyse variants when new information arises.

Neonatal Pain, Still Searching for the Optimal Approach.

Background: although neonatal pain management has seen huge improvements in the past years, many gaps between knowledge and practice still exist.

Objective: to give the reader the state of the art of actual pain management and treatment.

Methods: a literature review was done on the physiopathology of pain, sex differences in the perception of pain, epidemiology, non-pharmacological treatment and developmental care approach, pharmacological treatment with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics approaches.

Neutralizing Antibody-Mediated Response and Risk of BK Virus-Associated Nephropathy.

BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) causes renal allograft dysfunction. The current management of BKVAN relies on pre-emptive adaptation of immunosuppression according to viral load monitoring. However, this empiric strategy is not always successful.

History and Outcome of Febrile Neutropenia Outside the Oncology Setting: A Retrospective Study of 76 Cases Related to Non-Chemotherapy Drugs.

Background: Despite major advances in its prevention and treatment, febrile neutropenia remains a most concerning complication of cancer chemotherapy. Outside the oncology setting, however, only few data are currently available on febrile neutropenia related to non-chemotherapy drugs. We report here data on 76 patients with febrile neutropenia related to non-chemotherapy drugs, followed up in a referral center within a university hospital.

O-(2-F-fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine (F-FET) uptake in insulinoma: first results from a xenograft mouse model and from human.

Introduction: Herein we have evaluated the uptake of O-(2-F-fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine (F-FET) in insulinoma in comparison with those of 6-F-fluoro-3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (F-FDOPA) providing first data from both murine xenograft model and one patient with proved endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

Methods: Dynamic F-FET and carbidopa-assisted F-FDOPA PET were performed on tumor-bearing nude mice after subcutaneous injection of RIN-m5F murine beta cells and on a 30-year-old man with type-1 multiple endocrine neoplasia and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia defined by a positive fasting test.

Results: Seven and three nude mice bearing a RIN-m5F insulinoma xenograft were respectively studied by F-FET and F-FDOPA μPET.

Long Volar Plating for Metadiaphyseal Fractures of Distal Radius: Study Comparing Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis versus Conventional Approach.

 Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) has been used in wrist surgery for several years. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare clinical and radiologic outcomes of MIPO technique with those of a conventional approach in the treatment of metadiaphyseal distal radius fracture by long volar plating.  Our series consisted of 32 fractures in 31 patients, mean age 63.

High-intensity interval training combined with resistance training improves physiological capacities, strength and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: a pilot study.

Background: Numerous studies have shown that mild-to-moderate intensity or resistance exercise training improves physical capacities such as, peak oxygen consumption, maximal tolerated power and strength in multiple sclerosis patients. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) associated to with resistance training. Only few studies have analyzed difference between men and women before and after combined training.

Aneurysmal wall imaging in a case of cortical superficial siderosis and multiple unruptured aneurysms.

We report a case of interhemispheric and bifrontal cortical superficial siderosis in association with two intracranial aneurysms. The patient had no clinical history suggestive of aneurysm rupture, no feature of amyloid angiopathy or other apparent etiology for cortical siderosis. We performed high resolution brain MRI with dark blood T1 sequences before and after IV contrast injection.

Non-surgical treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa: A systematic review.

Introduction: The management of hidradenitis suppurativa is multidisciplinary, involving general measures, medical treatment and surgery. Non-surgical treatments, often first-line procedures, mainly concern forms of low-to-moderate severity or, conversely, very severe forms in non-operable patients or those refusing surgery. While many treatments have been attempted, few randomized controlled trials have been conducted, so the choice of treatments is most often based on the personal experience of the clinicians.