Vidofludimus Calcium in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial.

Introduction: Vidofludimus calcium (VidoCa) is a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor that demonstrated efficacy in immune-related diseases. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of VidoCa in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: This placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial randomized adults with moderate-severe UC to receive once-daily VidoCa (10, 30, or 45 mg) or placebo for 10 weeks (induction); patients with symptomatic remission were re-randomized to VidoCa 10, 30 mg, or placebo once-daily for an additional 40 weeks (maintenance).

Crystal structure of -poly[bis-(,-di-methyl-hydroxyl-ammonium) [di-μ-bromido-di-bromido-stannate(II)]].

The title compound, {(CHNO)[SnBr]} , is a layered hybrid perovskite crystallizing in the monoclinic space group 2/. The asymmetric unit consists of one HC-O-NH -CH cation (MeHA), one Sn atom located on a twofold rotation axis, and two Br atoms. The Sn atom has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment formed by the bromido ligands.

Comparative Analysis of Low-Cost Portable Spectrophotometers for Colorimetric Accuracy on the RAL Design System Plus Color Calibration Target.

Novel low-cost portable spectrophotometers could be an alternative to traditional spectrophotometers and calibrated RGB cameras by offering lower prices and convenient measurements but retaining high colorimetric accuracy. This study evaluated the colorimetric accuracy of low-cost, portable spectrophotometers on the established color calibration target-RAL Design System Plus (RAL+). Four spectrophotometers with a listed price between USD 100-1200 (Nix Spectro 2, Spectro 1 Pro, ColorReader, and Pico) and a smartphone RGB camera were tested on a representative subset of 183 RAL+ colors.

Characterization of Biopolymer Hydrogels Prepared with Water Exposed to Indirect Plasma Treatment.

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of indirect-plasma-treated water (IPTW) in the preparation of hydrogels. Three commonly used natural, biodegradable polymers with the ability to form gels were selected: gelatin, carrageenan, and sodium alginate. The pH, gelling temperature, texture profile, swelling degree, and color of hydrogels were evaluated, and the polymers were subjected to Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Treatment of High-Grade Chronic Osteomyelitis and Nonunions with PerOssal: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Efficacy and Patient Perspectives.

: Traditional autologous bone grafts as a treatment for bone defects have drawbacks like donor-site morbidity and limited supply. PerOssal, a ceramic bone substitute, may overcome those drawbacks and could offer additional benefits like prolonged, local antibiotic release. This study investigates the clinical and radiological outcomes, including patient-reported outcomes, of using PerOssal in nonunions (NU) and high-grade chronic osteomyelitis (COM).

Influence of Algal Incorporation on Sensory and Physicochemical Attributes of Caseless Sausage-Ćevap (CSC).

This study explores the influence of algal incorporation on the sensory and physicochemical attributes of caseless sausage-ćevap (CSC). Various algae, including , (sea spaghetti), and (wakame), were added at different concentrations to standard CSC formulations. Proximate analysis revealed that the addition of algae did not significantly change crude protein and fat content ( > 0.

The Thermodynamics of the Van Der Waals Black Hole Within Kaniadakis Entropy.

In this work, we have studied the thermodynamic properties of the Van der Waals black hole in the framework of the relativistic Kaniadakis entropy. We have shown that the black hole properties, such as the mass and temperature, differ from those obtained by using the the Boltzmann-Gibbs approach. Moreover, the deformation κ-parameter changes the behavior of the Gibbs free energy via introduced thermodynamic instabilities, whereas the emission rate is influenced by κ only at low frequencies.

Evolution of competitive ability and the response to nutrient availability: a resurrection study with the calcareous grassland herb, Leontodon hispidus.

Rapid environmental changes across Europe include warmer and increasingly variable temperatures, changes in soil nutrient availability, and pollinator decline. These abiotic and biotic changes can affect natural plant populations and force them to optimize resource use against competitors. To date, the evolution of competitive ability in the context of changes in nutrient availability remains understudied.

Chemical insight into pros and cons of coffees from different regions.

The main aim of this work was to study the chemical composition of eighteen ground coffees from different countries and continents with regard to the content of hazardous substances as radioactive elements (K, Ra, Ra, U, U and Cs), metals, including heavy metals, aluminum and some microelements (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) as well as substances that have a positive effect on human health and well-being (polyphenols, proteins, fats and caffeine). The tests were carried out before and after the brewing process using the following techniques: gamma and beta spectrometry, a microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometer (MIP-OES), gravimetric method, UV-Vis spectrophotometry as well as thin-layer chromatography. The leaching percentage of certain elements/compounds in coffee infusions was also measured.

Distinct regulation of Tau Monomer and aggregate uptake and intracellular accumulation in human neurons.

Background: The prion-like spreading of Tau pathology is the leading cause of disease progression in various tauopathies. A critical step in propagating pathologic Tau in the brain is the transport from the extracellular environment and accumulation inside naïve neurons. Current research indicates that human neurons internalize both the physiological extracellular Tau (eTau) monomers and the pathological eTau aggregates.

The case for neurons: a no-go theorem for consciousness on a chip.

We apply the methodology of no-go theorems as developed in physics to the question of artificial consciousness. The result is a no-go theorem which shows that under a general assumption, called dynamical relevance, Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that run on contemporary computer chips cannot be conscious. Consciousness is dynamically relevant, simply put, if, according to a theory of consciousness, it is relevant for the temporal evolution of a system's states.

R4Alz-R: a cutting-edge tool for spotting the very first and subtle signs of aging-related cognitive impairment with high accuracy.

The accurate diagnosis of aging-related neurocognitive disorders as early as possible, even in a phase that is characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms, is nowadays the holy grail of the neurosciences. R4Alz-R is a novel cognitive tool designed to objectively detect the subtle cognitive changes that emerge as the very first result of the aging processes and could be developed and broadened in a continuum from healthy aging to subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), before reaching some type of dementia. The goal of the present study was to examine whether the R4Alz-R battery has the potential to detect these subtle changes.

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL BONE FEATURES IN CHILDREN RESIDING IN THE RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE.

Objective: Evaluation of structural features and metabolic/biochemical abnormalities of the bone tissue and relevant regulation patterns in children, residing in the radiologically contaminated territories (RCT).

Materials And Methods: Children (n = 148) aged 7 to 18 years old were involved in the study. Bone mineral density (BMD) is given in 3 grades according to the mean square deviation values, namely Grade I - standard (n = 75),Grade II - reduced (n = 45) and Grade III - very low one (n = 28).

CORRECTION CRITERIA FOR THE BONE TISSUE STRUCTURE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN LIVING IN RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT.

Objective: To determine the structure of abnormalities of bone tissue and substantiate the management tactics inacute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pediatric patients and in children with no oncohematological disorders, livingin radiologically contaminated territories (RCT).

Materials And Methods: Children (n = 220) living in RCT were the study participants i.e.

IMPACT OF ASTAXANTHIN ON MANIFESTATIONS OF THE DIRECT AND RESCUE TUMOR-INDUCED BYSTANDER EFFECT.

Objective: to investigate the reciprocal impact on the genome of malignant and normal human peripheral bloodlymphocytes under their co-culture and the possibility to modify the effects by astaxanthin.

Methods: Separate and joint/separate culturing of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the chronic lymphocyticleukemia (CLL) patients (n = 6) and conditionally healthy individuals (n = 6), Comet assay method, fluorescencemicroscopy with automated software for the analysis of results, statistical methods.

Results: Both direct and rescue tumour-induced bystander effects were observed under the joint/separate culturing of blood lymphocytes of conditionally healthy individuals (the bystander cells) and blood cells from CLL patients(the inducer cells).

ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN MANIFESTATION OF DIRECT AND RESCUE BYSTANDER EFFECTS.

Objective: to investigate changes in DNA methylation in bystander and inducer cells during the manifestation ofdirect and rescue bystander effects.

Methods: Separate and co-cultivation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 10 conditionally healthy individuals; γ-quantum irradiation (IBL-237C emitter); modified comet electrophoresis method (Comet assay) under neutralconditions using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII; fluorescence microscopy with an automatedcomputer software system for analyzing the results; statistical methods.

Results: The level of DNA methylation in PBL was quantitatively assessed using DNA migration parameters inagarose gel: the length of the comet tail (in μm), the percentage of DNA in the tail part of the comet, and TailMoment (TM), which simultaneously takes into account both the amount of DNA in the tail part of the comet andthe length of the tail.

Insights into Folding and Molecular Environment of Lyophilized Proteins Using Pulsed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

There is still an insufficient understanding of how the characteristics of protein drugs are maintained in the solid state of lyophilizates, including aspects such as protein distances, local environment, and structural preservation. To this end, we evaluated protein folding and the molecules' nearest environment by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Double electron-electron resonance (DEER) probe distances of up to approximately 200 Å and is suitable to investigate protein folding, local concentration, and aggregation, whereas electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) allows the study of the near environment within approximately 10 Å of the spin label.

C60 fullerene improves the contractile activity of the injured rat muscle gastrocnemius.

The powerful antioxidant properties of C60 fullerenes have been widely used in biomedical nanotechnology. Owing to the negative effects of free radicals in oxidative stress processes, antioxidants are required to protect injured muscles. Here, the effect of water-soluble C60 fullerenes (daily oral dose 1 mg/kg) on the process of restoration of contractile activity of skeletal muscle of rats (muscle gastrocnemius) 15 days after the initiation of open trauma of different severity was studied for the first time.

Synthesis, structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of 2-hy-droxy-'-methyl-acetohydrazide and 2-hy-droxy--methyl-acetohydrazide.

The structures of the title compounds 2-hy-droxy-'-methyl-acetohydrazide, , and 2-hy-droxy--methyl-acetohydrazide, , both CHNO, as regioisomers differ in the position of the methyl group relative to the N atoms in 2-hy-droxy-acetohydrazide. In the structure of , the 2-hy-droxy-acetohydrazide core [OH-C-C(=O)-NH-NH] is almost planar and the methyl group is rotated relative to this plane. As opposed to , in the structure of all non-hydrogen atoms lie in the same plane.

Triclinic polymorph of bis-[2-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazo[1,5-]pyridin-2-ium] tetra-chloridocadmium(II).

The crystal structure of the title organic-inorganic hybrid salt, (CHN)[CdCl], (I), has been reported with four mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit in a monoclinic cell [Vassilyeva (2021 ▸). , , 7713-7722]. While using two different aldehydes in the oxidative cyclization-condensation involving CHNH·HCl to prepare a new monovalent cation with the imidazo[1,5-]pyridinium skeleton, a new polymorph was obtained for (I) in space group 1 and a unit cell with approximately half the volume of the monoclinic form.

Features of internal absorbed dose microdistribution in biological tissue irradiated by 31SiO2 microparticles compared with dose microdistribution from exposure to 56MnO2 particles.

Radiobiological studies are ongoing to understand the consequences of internal exposure to neutron-activated radioactive microparticles, which were sprayed over experimental rats and mice. Special attention in these experiments is given to internal irradiation with radioactive microparticles with short-lived neutron-activated radionuclides 31Si (T1/2 = 2.62 h) and 56Mn (T1/2 = 2.

Plastic input and dynamics in industrial composting.

Green and biowaste, processed within large facilities into compost, is a key fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural soils. However, due to improper waste disposal of plastic, its residues often remain or even lead to the formation ofmicroplastics (1 µm - 5 mm, MiPs) in the final compost product. To better understand the processes, we first quantified 'macroplastics' (> 20 mm, MaPs) input via biowaste collection into an industrial composting plant, and, then determined MiP concentrations at five stages during the composting process (before and after shredding and screening processes), and in the water used for irrigation.

Evolution of sympatric host-specialized lineages of the fungal plant pathogen Zymoseptoria passerinii in natural ecosystems.

The barley disease Septoria Speckled Leaf Blotch, caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria passerinii, last appeared in North America in the early 2000s. Although rare in crops, field sampling of wild grasses in the Middle East revealed the disease persistence in wild barley. Identification of Z.

Plasmalogens Improve Lymphatic Clearance of Amyloid Beta from Mouse Brain and Cognitive Functions.

Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a neuronal metabolic product that plays an important role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Normally, intensive brain Aβ formation is accompanied by its effective lymphatic removal. However, the excessive accumulation of brain Aβ is observed with age and during the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) leading to cognitive impairment and memory deficits.