Accessible Gesture Typing on Smartphones for People with Low Vision.

While gesture typing is widely adopted on touchscreen keyboards, its support for low vision users is limited. We have designed and implemented two keyboard prototypes, layout-magnified and key-magnified keyboards, to enable gesture typing for people with low vision. Both keyboards facilitate uninterrupted access to all keys while the screen magnifier is active, allowing people with low vision to input text with one continuous stroke.

Sunlight-driven and gram-scale vanillin production Mn-defected γ-MnO catalyst in aqueous environment.

The production of vanillin from biomass offers a sustainable route for synthesizing daily-use chemicals. However, achieving sunlight-driven vanillin synthesis through HO activation in an aqueous environment poses challenges due to the high barrier of HO dissociation. In this study, we have successfully developed an efficient approach for gram-scale vanillin synthesis in an aqueous reaction, employing Mn-defected γ-MnO as a photocatalyst at room temperature.

[Clinicopathological profile of patients with hepatobiliary cancers at two main referral hospitals in Lima, Peru].

Objective: The aim of the study was to describe the clinicopathological profile of patients diagnosed with liver, bile ducts or gallbladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: Between 2006 and 2017, 89 patients (57% female; mean age: 62 years-old) with these cancers were diagnosed at two national hospitals in Lima, Peru.

Results: Most patients (64%) had advanced stages of disease.

Hospital costs associated with intraoperative hypotension among non-cardiac surgical patients in the US: a simulation model.

Recent studies indicate intraoperative hypotension, common in non-cardiac surgical patients, is associated with myocardial injury, acute kidney injury, and mortality. This study extends on these findings by quantifying the association between intraoperative hypotension and hospital expenditures in the US. Monte Carlo simulations (10,000 trial per simulation) based on current epidemiological and cost outcomes literature were developed for both acute kidney injury (AKI) and myocardial injury in non-cardiac surgery (MINS).

Irritable bowel syndrome and intestinal parasites: a view from South America.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder of uncertain etiology. Several studies have proposed the possible role of intestinal parasites in the pathogenesis of IBS. We aimed to summarize the epidemiological studies that describe a possible link between intestinal parasites and IBS, with special interest in endemic areas for intestinal parasitism such as South America.

The highly sensitive brain: an fMRI study of sensory processing sensitivity and response to others' emotions.

Background: Theory and research suggest that sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), found in roughly 20% of humans and over 100 other species, is a trait associated with greater sensitivity and responsiveness to the environment and to social stimuli. Self-report studies have shown that high-SPS individuals are strongly affected by others' moods, but no previous study has examined neural systems engaged in response to others' emotions.

Methods: This study examined the neural correlates of SPS (measured by the standard short-form Highly Sensitive Person [HSP] scale) among 18 participants (10 females) while viewing photos of their romantic partners and of strangers displaying positive, negative, or neutral facial expressions.

Empathy and stress related neural responses in maternal decision making.

Mothers need to make caregiving decisions to meet the needs of children, which may or may not result in positive child feedback. Variations in caregivers' emotional reactivity to unpleasant child-feedback may be partially explained by their dispositional empathy levels. Furthermore, empathic response to the child's unpleasant feedback likely helps mothers to regulate their own stress.

Mapping evolutionary process: a multi-taxa approach to conservation prioritization.

Human-induced land use changes are causing extensive habitat fragmentation. As a result, many species are not able to shift their ranges in response to climate change and will likely need to adapt in situ to changing climate conditions. Consequently, a prudent strategy to maintain the ability of populations to adapt is to focus conservation efforts on areas where levels of intraspecific variation are high.

Modeling environmentally associated morphological and genetic variation in a rainforest bird, and its application to conservation prioritization.

To better understand how environment shapes phenotypic and genetic variation, we explore the relationship between environmental variables across Ecuador and genetic and morphological variation in the wedge-billed woodcreeper (Glyphorynchus spirurus), a common Neotropical rainforest bird species. Generalized dissimilarity models show that variation in amplified fragment length polymorphism markers was strongly associated with environmental variables on both sides of the Andes, but could also partially be explained by geographic distance on the western side of the Andes. Tarsus, wing, tail, and bill lengths and bill depth were well explained by environmental variables on the western side of the Andes, whereas only tarsus length was well explained on the eastern side.