AWARE-AWAreness during REsuscitation-a prospective study.

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) survivors experience cognitive deficits including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is unclear whether these are related to cognitive/mental experiences and awareness during CPR. Despite anecdotal reports the broad range of cognitive/mental experiences and awareness associated with CPR has not been systematically studied.

Hypoalbuminaemia is associated with mortality in patients undergoing cytoreductive nephrectomy.

Objective: To evaluate whether poor nutrition is associated with mortality in patients undergoing cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Patients And Methods: A multi-institutional review of prospective databases identified 246 patients meeting inclusion criteria who underwent CN for mRCC from 1993 to 2012. Nutritional markers evaluated were: body mass index <18.

Temporomandibular joint disorder and inner ear pruritus: resolution by eminectomy.

Recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk is caused by many factors. Dislocation can result in an acute or chronic closed lock condition. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is often presented with otalgia symptoms.

A feasibility study of cerebral oximetry monitoring during the post-resuscitation period in comatose patients following cardiac arrest.

Background: One of the major causes of death and neurological injury after cardiac arrest is delayed ischemia combined with oxygen free radical mediated reperfusion injury. Consequently determining the optimal balance between oxygen delivery and uptake in the brain using a reliable non-invasive monitoring system during the post-resuscitation period is of importance. In this observational study, we evaluated the feasibility of using cerebral oximetry during the post-resuscitation period in order to identify changes in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and its association with survival to discharge.

Fluoroscopy procedure and equipment changes to reduce staff radiation exposure in the interventional spine suite.

Background: Fluoroscopic guided percutaneous interventional spine procedures are increasingly performed in recent years as they have been shown to be target specific and enhance patient safety. However, ionizing radiation has been associated with stochastic effects such as cancer and genetic defects as well as deterministic effects such as cataracts, erythema, epilation, and even death. These are dose related, and hence, measures should be taken to minimize radiation exposure to patients and health care personnel to reduce these adverse effects.

Targeted therapy for HER2 positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the second most common cause of death for women behind lung cancer and the most common cause of cancer deaths for women aged 45-55 years old (CDC.gov 2012). Although there continue to be enormously large numbers of disease incidence, deaths have been declining due to the disease with two hallmark time frames.

Nocturnal light and nocturnal rodents: similar regulation of disparate functions?

Investigators typically study one function of the circadian visual system at a time, be it photoreception, transmission of photic information to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), light control of rhythm phase, locomotor activity, or gene expression. There are good reasons for such a focused approach, but sometimes it is advantageous to look at the broader picture, asking how all the parts and functions complete the whole. Here, several seemingly disparate functions of the circadian visual system are examined.

Localized bi-nasal macular edema in optic chiasmal syndrome.

A 28-year-old healthy male complaining of vision loss in his right eye was discovered to have localized bi-nasal macular edema in the presence of a pituitary adenoma. The presence of a junctional scotoma composed by a central scotoma in the right eye associated with superior temporal quadrantanopia in the fellow eye was seen. The pattern detected in the visual field suggested the presence of an expansive mass at the level of the optic chiasm.

Diagnosis of venous disease with duplex ultrasound.

The advent of duplex ultrasound (DU) has changed vascular practice over the years. Venous anatomy, valve function and obstruction can be evaluated in real time using DU. It is a low cost, portable, non-invasive, safe and operator-friendly device that can be used for diagnosis, treatment guidance and follow-up.

Re-modelling of venous thrombosis.

Venous thromboembolism is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in modern societies. The entirety of events involved in venous thrombus formation and resolution remains to be elucidated. Temporal relation between the initial cellular insult, thrombus formation and resolution is critical for instituting a prompt treatment.

Brief light stimulation during the mouse nocturnal activity phase simultaneously induces a decline in core temperature and locomotor activity followed by EEG-determined sleep.

Light exerts a variety of effects on mammals. Unexpectedly, one of these effects is the cessation of nocturnal locomotion and the induction of behavioral sleep (photosomnolence). Here, we extend the initial observations in several ways, including the fundamental demonstration that core body temperature (T(c)) drops substantially (about 1.

Reversed sequence arch debranching for treatment of a ruptured juxta-innominate artery saccular aneurysm.

Purpose: To describe a hybrid approach for the treatment of a ruptured juxta-innominate artery saccular aneurysm.

Case Report: A 68-year-old smoker male with poor exercise tolerance sustained a contained ruptured saccular aneurysm at the origin of the innominate artery. Although under the femoral-axillary bypass to allow direct brain perfusion, a 36 × 110 mm thoracic endograft was successfully deployed with total coverage of the distal ascending and aortic arch.

Improving care for depression: performance measures, outcomes and insights from the Health Disparities Collaboratives.

This paper reports 10 measures, outcomes, and insights from HRSA Depression Health Disparities Collaboratives, representing attempts to accelerate evidence-based guidelines into practice. The authors analyze interviews with leadership of high-performing centers. Monthly data was submitted on 38,000 patients from 94 centers.

Comparison of sitting face-to-face intubation (two-person technique) with standard oral-tracheal intubation in novices: a mannequin study.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the impact of the upright position on the success of oral-tracheal intubation. Yet, for patients with airway difficulties (i.e, active intraoral bleeding or morbidly obese), the upright position may both benefit the patient and facilitate intubation.

Diagnosis and follow-up of varicose veins with duplex ultrasound: how and why?

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is very prevalent and causes a significant financial burden in Western societies. Accurate diagnosis is mandatory to define the anatomy and pathophysiology involved in the disease process. Duplex ultrasound (DU) is a well-established non-invasive tool used for varicose veins work-up that, most recently, has also been utilized for follow-up after endovenous procedures such as endovenous laser or radiofrequency ablation and foam sclerotherapy.

A two-marker haplotype in the IRF5 gene is associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a North American cohort.

Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) located on human chromosome 7q32 is associated with many chronic inflammatory disorders. IRF5 is the key regulator of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. We surveyed two cohorts of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients from a North American Consortium.

A systematic review of symptomatic duodenal perforation by inferior vena cava filters.

Objective: A systematic review of the literature on symptomatic duodenal perforation caused by inferior vena cava (IVC) filters.

Methods: Three databases, PubMed MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), reference lists of review articles and conference proceedings were searched. All articles containing data on clinical presentation, diagnostic strategy, and available treatment of symptomatic duodenal perforation caused by an IVC filter were included regardless of design, language, size, or length of follow-up.

AMPK protects proximal tubular cells from stress-induced apoptosis by an ATP-independent mechanism: potential role of Akt activation.

We examined the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in modulating the viability of cultured kidney proximal tubular cells subjected to metabolic stress induced by either dextrose deprivation, inhibition of glycolysis, or inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. We used BU.MPT cells, a conditionally immortalized kidney epithelial cell line derived from the proximal tubules of transgenic mice bearing a temperature-sensitive mutation of the simian virus 40 large-tumor antigen.

Filter placement for duplicated cava.

Anatomic variations of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are found in 3-5% of the population. IVC duplication is a well-known anatomic variation that is important when relevant procedures are being planed. Therefore, the identification of IVC anomalies should be checked prior to pertinent interventions.

Evaluation of prostaglandin D2 as a CSF leak marker: implications in safe epidural anesthesia.

Background: It is accepted that there is a severe risk of dural puncture in epidural anesthesia. Of major concern to anesthesiologists is unintentional spinal block. Reliable identification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the aspirate is crucial for safe epidural anesthesia.

Methemoglobinemia secondary to over-the-counter Anbesol.

Background: Methemoglobinemia is a potentially lethal condition which may result from exposure to benzocaine. It must be treated promptly, because it may cause a significant decrease in oxygen delivery to tissues and organs.

Case Description: A 39-year-old caucasian man presented to the emergency department (ED) with dental pain.

Triamcinolone and intraocular sustained-release delivery systems in diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) still represents one of the leading causes of vision loss worldwide. Since this condition affects the posterior segment of the eye, topical application of ophthalmic medicines is of limited benefit, considering that they seldom reach therapeutic levels in the affected tissues. Systemic medications can be insufficient due to the eye's immunoprivileged condition and existence of both inner and outer blood-retinal barriers, which place limitations on the potential role of this route of administration for retinal diseases.

Current diagnosis and management of syringocele: a review.

Cowper's syringocele is a rare but an under-diagnosed cystic dilation of the Cowper's ducts and is increasingly being recognized in the adult population. Recent literature suggests that syringoceles be classified based on the configuration of the duct's orifice to the urethra, either open or closed, as this also allows the clinical presentations of 2 syringoceles to be divided, albeit with some overlap. Usually post-void dribbling, hematuria, or urethral discharge indicates open syringocele, while obstructive symptoms are associated with closed syringoceles.