Novel Immunotherapy Targets for Relapsed/Refractory B-ALL: A Literature Review.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most prevalent cancer in United States children. In recent years, immunotherapies using chimeric antigen receptors (CAR T-cells) have improved prognosis for patients with B-ALL. Previous CAR T therapies have used CD19 as a target, but loss of this protein through antigen escape may cause relapse with slim chance of remission.

Does COVID-19 Infection Increase the Risk of Diabetes? Current Evidence.

Purpose Of Review: Multiple studies report an increased incidence of diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the potential increased global burden of diabetes, understanding the effect of SARS-CoV-2 in the epidemiology of diabetes is important. Our aim was to review the evidence pertaining to the risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection.

Association Between Gut Hormones and Weight Change After Bariatric Arterial Embolization: Results from the BEAT Obesity Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate associations of ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY 3-36 (PYY3-36) with weight change after bariatric arterial embolization (BAE).

Materials And Methods: Subgroup analysis of data collected during the BEAT Obesity Trial involving 7 participants with BMI > 40 who were embolized with 300- to 500-μm Embosphere Microspheres. Three participants were characterized as "responders" (top tertile of weight loss at each visit) and 4 as "non-responders" (bottom tertile of weight loss at each visit).

Case report and literature review: double jeopardy - and central line-associated bloodstream infection in a patient.

Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is the most common nosocomial-acquired infection, affecting 38 000 patients in the USA annually. Approximately 8-10 % of inserted catheters lead to bloodstream infections, and ~25-30 % of infections are associated with mortality. Although proper line maintenance is essential to prevent infection, it is quite a challenge to avoid infection in patients with a long-term catheter.

Guidelines and standards for the study of death and recalled experiences of death--a multidisciplinary consensus statement and proposed future directions.

An inadvertent consequence of advances in stem cell research, neuroscience, and resuscitation science has been to enable scientific insights regarding what happens to the human brain in relation to death. The scientific exploration of death is in large part possible due to the recognition that brain cells are more resilient to the effects of anoxia than assumed. Hence, brain cells become irreversibly damaged and "die" over hours to days postmortem.

Clinical Validation of Rapid Gout Detection Method and Kit.

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis, which causes intense, acute pain due to the buildup of uric acid crystals in synovial fluid. The gold standard for gout diagnosis consists of synovial fluid analysis by polarized light microscopy, which is costly, time-intensive, and technique-dependent, therefore meriting a more efficient, inexpensive, and accessible method for diagnosis. We previously developed and validated a novel colorimetric gout detection method and device based on the reduction of silver nitrate by uric acid; here, we clinically validated our method and device using arthroscopically obtained synovial fluid samples from gout patients.

The powder in the basement: how an unlabeled poison inspired federal legislative change.

The Oregon State Hospital, first established in 1862 as the Oregon Insane Asylum, was a state funded mental health institution that provided care and housing for a large and diverse patient population. In December 1941, the United States formally entered World War II. As wartime production and demands increased over the course of 1941 and into 1942, resources became more limited and budgets tightened.

Chameleon™ PTA balloon catheter: A single device in managing thrombosed AV access.

Thrombectomy is a common procedure for maintenance of arteriovenous (AV) access and is critical to prolong access life. Techniques for performing thrombectomy are incredibly diverse, ranging from open surgical procedures to percutaneous interventions. Percutaneous interventions include a combination of thrombectomy devices to clear the thrombus and balloon angioplasty to treat the underlying lesion.

Recurrent Osteomyelitis of the Lumbar Spine in a Patient on Chronic Hemodialysis.

is an emerging coagulase-negative regarded as a formidable pathogen capable of causing significant infections at various body sites including bone and joints. We report the case of a Caucasian elderly male with recurrent lumbar osteomyelitis due to . He had a history of chronic low back pain.

Washington State Surgeon Perspectives on Quality Measures in the Surgical Care of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women.

Introduction: No consensus exists on outcomes that define high quality care in female stress urinary incontinence management. A working group of surgeons from diverse health care settings in Washington State who treat stress urinary incontinence was convened through a state level quality collaborative. Preliminary questions were developed and focus groups conducted to obtain surgeon input and perspectives on stress urinary incontinence surgery quality measures to guide future research.

Procedural comparison of a standard PTA balloon for fistula and graft maintenance procedures with the novel Chameleon™ PTA balloon catheter.

Introduction: The incidence of cephalic arch (CA) and central venous (CV) stenosis has been reported in the range of 30% in the literature. The purpose of this study is to compare contrast use, fluoroscopy time, and procedure time between standard imaging by injection of contrast through the access sheath versus injection of contrast through a novel PTA balloon with an integrated injection port.

Methods: A multi-centered, retrospective evaluation of consecutive patients treated for CA and CV stenosis was performed.

A Blueprint for Productive Maintenance of Certification, But Is the American Board of Internal Medicine up to the Challenge?

The future of the American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program is at a crossroads. The current MOC program lacks a clear visible mission, adds to modern health care's onerous bureaucracy, and thus pulls physicians from the most important humanistic aspects of their profession. The aim of the MOC program should be to promote the best patient care by ensuring certified physicians maintain core skills through continuous education and evaluation.

Safety and effectiveness of the TREO stent graft for the endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Objective: The short- and mid-term outcomes of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair have made it a standard treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, newer generation devices have yet to demonstrate improved long-term rates for complications, reinterventions, and survival. The TREO stent graft is a latest generation device and was evaluated for approval in the United States.

Findings of Hepatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection.

Background & Aims: Liver injury due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is being increasingly recognized. Abnormal liver chemistry tests of varying severities occur in a majority of patients. However, there is a dearth of accompanying liver histologic studies in these patients.

Punctal Congestion Syndrome: A Reversible, Functional Punctal Stenosis Causing Epiphora in the Setting of Chronic Pretarsal Conjunctivitis.

Purpose: To describe a reversible syndrome of epiphora, functional punctal stenosis, and chronic pretarsal conjunctivitis associated with corticosteroid or corticosteroid-antibiotic eyedrop use.

Methods: This is an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review of patients diagnosed with epiphora, punctal stenosis, and chronic conjunctivitis by a single surgeon (B.J.

Brugada syndrome.

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac arrhythmia syndrome that causes a heightened risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. BrS is characterised by a coved ST-segment elevation in right precordial leads. The prevalence is estimated to range between 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 2,000 in different populations, with the highest being in Southeast Asia and in males.

A ten-year retrospective study of post-dural puncture headache in 32,655 obstetric patients.

Purpose: Accidental dural puncture and post-dural puncture headache are well-known complications of neuraxial anesthesia in parturients. The primary goal of this study was to identify the rate of post-dural puncture headache and epidural blood patch in all parturients who received a neuraxial anesthetic during a ten-year period at an academic tertiary-care medical centre. A secondary goal was to identify any delay in hospital discharge due to a post-dural puncture headache.

Minimally invasive endoscopic hematoma evacuation vs best medical management for spontaneous basal-ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: We conducted a case-control study to assess the relative safety and efficacy of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery (MIS) for clot evacuation in patients with basal-ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: We evaluated consecutive patients with acute basal-ganglia ICH at a single center over a 42-month period. Patients received either best medical management according to established guidelines (controls) or MIS (cases).

Estimating the Incidence of Stray Energy Burns during Laparoscopic Surgery based on Two Statewide Databases and Retrospective Rates: An Opportunity to Improve Patient Safety.

Background: The growth of laparoscopic surgery has increased the use of laparoscopic electrosurgical devices based on radiofrequency current. Despite an improvement in most post-operative outcomes, the use of these devices can be associated with inadvertent thermal or mechanical injuries, also called accidental punctures and lacerations (APLs). APLs can occur through either operator error or system error, including insulation failure or capacitive coupling resulting in stray energy burns.