Dysregulation of Long Non-coding RNAs-the Novel lnc in Metal Toxicity and Carcinogenesis.

Purpose Of Review: Metals are common environmental pollutants. Acute and chronic exposures to non-essential toxic metals or excessive essential metals cause various diseases including cancer in humans. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been well understood.

Coffee and tea consumption and the risk of head and neck cancer: An updated pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium.

Introduction: The relations between coffee and tea consumption and head and neck cancer (HNC) incidence are unclear. With increasing global HNC burden, this study aims to examine the association between coffee, tea, and HNC.

Methods: A pooled analysis of 9548 HNC cases and 15,783 controls from 14 individual-level case-control studies was conducted from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium.

Reproductive factors and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: results from the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Background: There are scarce data on risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Asian populations. Our goal was to advance knowledge on reproductive -related risk factors for EOC in a large population of Asian women.

Methods: This study used pooled individual data from baseline questionnaires in 11 prospective cohorts (baseline years, 1958-2015) in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Remote organ cancer induces kidney injury, inflammation, and fibrosis and adversely alters renal function.

Approximately 30% of cancer patients experience kidney complications, which hinder optimal cancer management, imposing a burden on patients' quality of life and the healthcare system. The etiology of kidney complications in cancer patients is often attributed to oncological therapies. However, the direct impact of cancer on kidney health is underestimated.

Body size and occupational physical activity during the life course and gastrointestinal cancers.

Evidence on the associations of body size and occupational physical activity (PA) during the life course with gastrointestinal cancers is inconclusive. We analyzed data from the Golestan Cohort Study, a population-based prospective cohort study from Iran, with 50,045 individuals aged 40-75 years enrolled during 2004-2008 and followed through April 2023. Body size during adolescence, early adulthood, and at cohort baseline was assessed using validated pictograms.

Exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances and lung, head and neck, and thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Recent evidence suggests that exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may increase the risk of different cancer types, such as kidney and testicular cancers. Instead, evidence for lung, head and neck, and thyroid cancer is sparse. Hence, we aimed to summarize available literature on the topic.

Epitranscriptomic RNA mA Modification in Cancer Therapy Resistance: Challenges and Unrealized Opportunities.

Significant advances in the development of new cancer therapies have given rise to multiple novel therapeutic options in chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Although the development of resistance is often reported along with temporary disease remission, there is often tumor recurrence of an even more aggressive nature. Resistance to currently available anticancer drugs results in poor overall and disease-free survival rates for cancer patients.

The effect of body mass index at diagnosis on survival of patients with squamous cell head and neck carcinoma.

The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic role of body mass index (BMI) on survival from head and neck cancer (HNC). We performed a pooled analysis of studies included in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival and HNC-specific survival, and we stratified the results according to cancer site.

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances exposure and risk of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of synthetic chemicals used since the 1940s in industrial and consumer applications. These substances are known or suspected to cause cancer, particularly kidney and testicular cancer. However, their association with other types of cancer is not well understood.

Biased signaling by mutant EGFR underlies dependence on PKCα in lung adenocarcinoma.

Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promote ligand-independent signaling; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly defined, and it is unknown whether this generates specific vulnerabilities. We previously observed robust expression of protein kinase Cα (PKCα) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with mutant EGFR (mEGFR), which, unlike the activation of PKCα, is independent of mEGFR activity. Here, we identify a critical role for PKCα in anchorage-independent growth and survival of lung cancer cells with mEGFR.

Association between the dietary inflammatory index and risk of lung cancer: a multi-centered case-control study.

Purpose: Dietary factors might contribute to the risk of lung cancer by increasing the concentration of inflammatory markers. The literature-derived Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) has been established to evaluate the inflammatory potential of diet correlated with inflammatory markers. The association between DII scores and the risk of lung cancer has been conflicting.

MDIG in Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis.

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide, and metastasis remains the major cause of breast cancer-related mortality and is associated with poor patient outcomes. Among breast cancers, triple-negative breast cancers have the worst prognosis owing to their highly aggressive and metastasizing attributes and hence have limited therapeutic options. Here, we have presented our research on an environmentally regulated gene named mdig and its role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and metastasis.

Body mass index and breast cancer risk in premenopausal and postmenopausal East Asian women: a pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies.

Background: It has been suggested that the association between body mass index and breast cancer risk differs between Asian women and Western women. We aimed to assess the associations between body mass index and breast cancer incidence in East Asian women.

Methods: Pooled analyses were performed using individual participant data of 319,189 women from 13 cohort studies in Japan, Korea, and China.

Orm proteins control ceramide synthesis and endocytosis via LCB-mediated Ypk1 regulation.

Sphingolipids (SPLs) are major components of cell membranes with significant functions. Their production is a highly-regulated multi-step process with the formation of two major intermediates, long chain bases (LCBs) and ceramides. Homologous Orm proteins in both yeast and mammals negatively regulate LCB production by inhibiting serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the first enzyme in SPL de novo synthesis.

Occupational Exposure to Benzene and Risk of Breast Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Benzene is a recognized carcinogen; however, its association with breast cancer is not well established. Hence, a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies was performed to determine the association between occupational benzene exposure and the risk of breast cancer.

Methods: A systematic literature review identified 7573 publications from which 23 cohort and case-control studies were retained and evaluated using meta-analyses (fixed effects model).

Cancers attributable to diet in Italy.

Cancer burden can be reduced by controlling modifiable risk factors, including diet. We provided an evidence-based assessment of cancer cases and deaths attributable to diet in Italy in 2020. We considered dietary factor-cancer type pairs for which the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research - Continuous Update Project reported either 'convincing' or 'probable' evidence of causal association.

Socioeconomic status, smoking, and lung cancer: mediation and bias analysis in the SYNERGY study.

Background: Increased lung-cancer risks for low socioeconomic status (SES) groups are only partially attributable to smoking habits. Little effort has been made to investigate the persistent risks related to low SES by quantification of potential biases.

Methods: Based on 12 case-control studies, including 18 centers of the international SYNERGY project (16,550 cases, 20,147 controls), we estimated controlled direct effects (CDE) of SES on lung cancer via multiple logistic regression, adjusted for age, study center, and smoking habits, and stratified by sex.

Optimizing a CRISPR-Cas13d Gene Circuit for Tunable Target RNA Downregulation with Minimal Collateral RNA Cutting.

The invention of RNA-guided DNA cutting systems has revolutionized biotechnology. More recently, RNA-guided RNA cutting by Cas13d entered the scene as a highly promising alternative to RNA interference to engineer cellular transcriptomes for biotechnological and therapeutic purposes. Unfortunately, "collateral damage" by indiscriminate off-target cutting tampered enthusiasm for these systems.

Disparities in overall and site-specific cancer mortality among immigrant generations in Sweden: A nationwide follow-up study over three decades.

We examined the overall and site-specific cancer mortality disparities among first-generation - separately in adults (G1) and children (G1.5) at immigration - and second-generation (G2) immigrants and their countries of origin using population-based registries in Sweden, encompassing over 8.5 million individuals aged 20 and above residing in Sweden since 1990, with follow-up until December 31, 2023.

TGF-β and TNF-α interaction promotes the expression of MMP-9 through H3K36 dimethylation: implications in breast cancer metastasis.

Increased MMP-9 expression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the extracellular matrix remodeling to facilitate cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanism of MMP-9 upregulation in TME remains elusive. Since TGF-β and TNF-α levels are elevated in TME, we asked whether these two agents interacted to induce/augment MMP-9 expression.