Diagnostic and prognostic genomic aberrations in upper tract urothelial carcinoma can be identified in focal barbotage samples.

Objectives: To investigate whether genetic analysis of focal barbotage samples obtained at ureterorenoscopy (URS) is possible, and to identify genetic aberrations that might add prognostic information.

Methods: This prospective study included barbotage samples from 42 patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) confirmed at URS. At URS, focal barbotage specimens were collected for cytology and for gene sequencing.

If the first child is breech, overall outcomes for families with two children are similar regardless of the mode of the first birth.

Cesarean section for breech presentation is often recommended. However, cesarean section affects future reproduction. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of mode of the first birth in breech on outcomes of the second birth and the two births together.

A nationwide cohort study of inflammatory bowel disease, histological activity and fracture risk.

Background: Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of fracture. It is unclear if this risk varies by recent histological activity.

Aims: To determine the fracture risk in IBD during periods with and without histological inflammation.

Bidirectional association between inflammatory bowel disease and type 1 diabetes: a nationwide matched cohort and case-control study.

Background: Co-occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been linked to poor clinical outcomes, but evidence on their bidirectional associations remain scarce. This study aims to investigate their bidirectional associations.

Methods: A nationwide matched cohort and case-control study with IBD patients identified between 1987 and 2017.

White Light Diffraction Phase Microscopy in Imaging of Breast and Colon Tissues.

This paper reports results obtained using white light diffraction phase microscopy (wDPM) on captured images of breast and colon tissue samples, marking a contribution to the advancement in biomedical imaging. Unlike conventional brightfield microscopy, wDPM offers the capability to capture intricate details of biological specimens with enhanced clarity and precision. It combines high resolution, enhanced contrast, and quantitative capabilities with non-invasive, label-free imaging.

First dose of misoprostol administration at home or in hospital for medical abortion between 12-22 gestational weeks in Sweden (PRIMA): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Medical abortion after 12 gestational weeks often requires a stay in hospital. We hypothesised that administering the first misoprostol dose at home could increase day-care procedures as compared with overnight care procedures, shorten inpatient stays, and improve patient satisfaction.

Methods: This multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial was done at six hospitals in Sweden.

Management of cytomegalovirus infections - Swedish recommendations 2023.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which mostly causes a subclinical infection early in life, has important clinical consequences in certain patient groups. CMV is the most common congenital infection and can cause permanent disabilities such as hearing loss and motor- and cognitive deficits in affected infants. In allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, CMV still is an important infectious complication with a risk for life-threatening disease.

Diverticular disease and risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events: A nationwide matched cohort study.

Background: An increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in patients with diverticular disease (DD). However, there are knowledge gaps about specific risks of each major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) component.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study included Swedish adults with DD (1987-2017, N=52,468) without previous CVD.

Three-dimensional imaging of upper tract urothelial carcinoma improves diagnostic yield and accuracy.

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare form of urothelial cancer with a high incidence of recurrence and a low survival rate. Almost two-thirds of UTUCs are invasive at the time of diagnosis; therefore, improving diagnostic methods is key to increasing survival rates. Histopathological analysis of UTUC is essential for diagnosis and typically requires endoscopy biopsy, tissue sectioning, and labeling.

Sex differences and long-term clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A SWEDEHEART study.

Background: Previous studies on the impact of sex differences after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have shown conflicting results. The aim was to analyze the risk of long-term mortality, heart failure hospitalization, myocardial infarction, stroke, bleeding and aortic valve reintervention in females versus males after TAVR.

Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study included all patients who underwent TAVR in Sweden between 2008 and 2022 from the SWEDEHEART register.

Long-Term Outcomes Associated With Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Low-Risk Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: Permanent pacemaker implantation is associated with an increased risk of mortality and heart failure after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze long-term prognosis of permanent pacemaker implantation following SAVR on low-risk patients.

Methods: This nationwide, population-based, observational cohort study included all patients who underwent SAVR in Sweden between 2001 and 2018 with low surgical risk, defined as logistic EuroSCORE I <10% or EuroSCORE II <4%.

Predicted prosthesis-patient mismatch and long-term clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A SWEDEHEART study.

Background: The impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is uncertain. This study was performed to investigate the risk of all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and aortic valve reintervention in patients with and without predicted PPM after TAVR.

Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study included all patients who underwent transfemoral primary TAVR in Sweden from 2008 to 2022 in the SWEDEHEART register.

Odontogenic Orbital Cellulitis at the Crossroads of Surgeries: Multidisciplinary Management and Review.

This article examines two cases of odontogenic orbital cellulitis, highlighting the complexities and interdisciplinary approaches required for effective management. We present two cases and describe the clinical challenges and treatment strategies employed. We report the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients who developed orbital cellulitis as a complication of an odontogenic infection.

Comparative Risk of Serious Infection With Vedolizumab vs Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From Nationwide Swedish Registers.

Introduction: We aimed to assess the risk of serious infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with vedolizumab compared with those treated with anti-tumor necrosis factors (TNF) and the general population.

Methods: In this Swedish cohort study, treatment episodes were identified from nationwide health registers. We used Cox regression with propensity score-matched cohorts to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident serious infections, defined as infections requiring hospital admission.

Early Creatinine Changes After Aortic Valve Replacement and Late Survival, Heart Failure, and Chronic Kidney Disease in a National Registry.

Background: The impact of small increases in serum creatinine after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) that fail to meet the acute kidney injury stage 1 criteria is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate prognosis after primary SAVR in patients with small increases in postoperative serum creatinine.

Methods: This observational cohort study included all adult patients who underwent primary SAVR in Sweden from 2009 to 2022.