130 results match your criteria: "Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences[Affiliation]"
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
December 2024
University of Cape Town Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Observatory, South Africa.
BMJ Glob Health
December 2024
Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
October 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa.
On August 14, 2024, following a regional declaration by the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization declared mpox a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, marking the second such declaration in two years. A series of outbreaks involving the more virulent clade I virus (compared to clade II, which caused a global outbreak in 2022), has now spread in 13 African countries, exposing the inadequacies of the public health infrastructure in these settings. There was significant investment during the 2022 global outbreak, but these efforts failed to address vaccine access and treatment in the Global South.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Imaging Radiat Oncol
July 2024
Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Background And Purpose: In many clinics, positron-emission tomography is unavailable and clinician time extremely limited. Here we describe a deep-learning model for autocontouring gross disease for patients undergoing palliative radiotherapy for primary lung lesions and/or hilar/mediastinal nodal disease, based only on computed tomography (CT) images.
Materials And Methods: An autocontouring model (nnU-Net) was trained to contour gross disease in 379 cases (352 training, 27 test); 11 further test cases from an external centre were also included.
BMJ Glob Health
August 2024
Country Readiness and Strengthening Department, World Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Introduction: COVID-19 showed that countries must strengthen their operational readiness (OPR) capabilities to respond to an imminent pandemic threat rapidly and proactively. We conducted a rapid scoping evidence review to understand the definition and critical elements of OPR against five core sub-systems of a new framework to strengthen the global architecture for Health Emergency Preparedness Response and Resilience (HEPR).
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science, targeted repositories, websites, and grey literature databases for publications between 1 January 2010 and 29 September 2021 in English, German, French or Afrikaans.
N Engl J Med
October 2024
From the Departments of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (J.B.N.); the Departments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (J.B.N.), and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (J.R.A.) - both in Baltimore; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (J.B.N.), and the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town (L.M.) - both in Cape Town, South Africa; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison (E.L.M.); the Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore (P.D.); the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB) and the Departments of Microbiology and Virology, University of Kinshasa School of Medicine - both in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (P.M.-K., J.-J.M.-T.); the Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.G.); Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department "Femme-Mère-Enfant," Lausanne University Hospital, and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (D.B.); and the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Washington, DC (L.L.M.).
PLoS One
August 2024
Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of nutrition behavioural change communication interventions and food consumption behaviours and demand for nutritious foods in Makoni district, Zimbabwe. The study employed an observational and cross-sectional design using mixed-methods. The population was smallholder farmers' households with children six to twenty-four months old.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
July 2024
Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic.
Introduction: Limited data are available on the prevalence rates of hepatitis B and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among women survivors of sexual violence (WSSV) in South Kivu province, in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where armed conflicts persist. Here, we aimed to assess the prevalence of these two infections in this vulnerable local population.
Methods: A total of 1002 WSSV, aged from 18 to 70 years old were enrolled from May 2018 to May 2020 at three healthcare facilities (Panzi, Mulamba and Bulenga hospitals), which are called "The One-Stop Centre Care Model" for the management of sexual violence in South Kivu.
Nat Med
October 2024
Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological and genomic features of an mpox outbreak in a mining region in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused by clade I MPXV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Evid Based Med
July 2024
Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess reporting of evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) e-learning interventions using the Guideline for Reporting Evidence-based practice Educational interventions and Teaching (GREET) checklist and explore factors associated with compliant reporting.
Design: Methodological cross-sectional study.
Methods: Based on the criteria used in an earlier systematic review, we included studies comparing EBHC e-learning and any other form of EBHC training or no EBHC training.
PLOS Glob Public Health
June 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Thorax
June 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Contemporary data on the availability, cost and affordability of essential medicines for chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are missing, despite most people with CRDs living in LMICs. Cross-sectional data for seven CRD medicines in pharmacies, healthcare facilities and central medicine stores were collected from 60 LMICs in 2022-2023. Medicines for symptomatic relief were widely available and affordable, while preventative treatments varied widely in cost, were less available and largely unaffordable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Glob Health
July 2024
National Institute of Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Br J Sports Med
May 2024
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Objectives: To investigate if the sport concussion assessment tool version 5 (SCAT5) could be suitable for application to Para athletes with a visual impairment, a spinal cord injury, or a limb deficiency.
Methods: A 16-member expert panel performed a Delphi technique protocol. The first round encompassed an open-ended questionnaire, with round 2 onwards being composed of a series of closed-ended statements requiring each expert's opinion using a five-point Likert scale.
Fam Med Community Health
April 2024
Adelaide Rural Clinical School, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Mount Gambier, South Australia, Australia.
is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine, as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the world. In 'IV: perspectives on practice-lenses of appreciation', authors address the following themes: 'Relational connections in the doctor-patient partnership', 'Feminism and family medicine', 'Positive family medicine', 'Mindful practice', 'The new, old ethics of family medicine', 'Public health, prevention and populations', 'Information mastery in family medicine' and 'Clinical courage.' May readers nurture their curiosity through these essays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Gastroenterol Hepatol
April 2024
Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) elimination requires expanding and decentralising HBV care services. However, peripheral health facilities lack access to diagnostic tools to assess eligibility for antiviral therapy. Through the Hepatitis B in Africa Collaborative Network (HEPSANET), we aimed to develop and evaluate a score using tests generally available at lower-level facilities, to simplify the evaluation of antiviral therapy eligibility in people living with HBV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
February 2024
Department of Human Biological and Translational Medical Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Khomas, Namibia
Introduction: Namibia is a high tuberculosis (TB)-burden country with an estimated incidence of 460/100 000 (around 12 000 cases) per year. Approximately 4.5% of new cases and 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care
December 2023
Departments of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology and Center for Global Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Little is known about advanced HIV disease (AHD) at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) and related age disparities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of routine program data collected among adults, adolescents, and children living with HIV in 6 health zones in Kinshasa, DRC from 2005 to 2020. Thirty-two percent of those who initiated ART had AHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Int Health
February 2024
Departments of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology and Center for Global Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background: Little is known about isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) completion rates among children or adolescents compared to adults living with HIV in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis including children, adolescents, and adults living with HIV who were treated at FHI360 and partners-implemented HIV care programs at six health zones in Kinshasa, DRC, from 2004 to 2020. The primary outcome was the proportion of children, adolescents versus adults who did complete 6 months of daily self-administered IPT.
Int J Dermatol
November 2023
Dermatology, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: Folliculitis keloidalis (FK) is a chronic hair disorder commonly affecting males with afro-textured hair. It typically affects the nuchal area, but disease may also occur at extra-nuchal sites. Few studies have investigated the histopathological aspects of preclinical FK.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oral Health
August 2023
Department of Craniofacial Biology, Pathology and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Enamel Renal Syndrome (ERS) (OMIM # 204690) is a rare genetic condition characterised by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, failed tooth eruption, intra-pulpal calcifications, gingival enlargement and occasionally nephrocalcinosis. In this case series, we report on four unrelated patients with a confirmed molecular diagnosis of ERS ( pathogenic variants) from Sub-Saharan Africa. The pathognomonic oral profile of ERS was mostly fulfilled in these patients, with the notable addition of an odontoma in one patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
September 2023
University of Birmingham, Institute of Applied Health Research, Birmingham, UK.
Int J Lab Hematol
February 2024
Department of Haematology, National Health Laboratory Service Tygerberg Hospital and Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa.
Introduction: The diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasms depends on the accurate quantification of plasma cells, traditionally done by immunohistochemical CD138 staining of bone marrow biopsies. Currently, there is no fully satisfactory reference method for this quantification. In our previous study, we compared the commonly used overview estimation method (method A) with a novel method for counting plasma cells in three representative areas (method B).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Trop Med Hyg
October 2023
Institut National de la Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The 2022 global outbreak of human Mpox (formerly monkeypox) virus (MPXV) infection outside of the usual endemic zones in Africa challenged our understanding of the virus's natural history, transmission dynamics, and risk factors. This outbreak has highlighted the need for diagnostics, vaccines, therapeutics, and implementation research, all of which require more substantial investments in equitable collaborative partnerships. Global multidisciplinary networks need to tackle MPXV and other neglected emerging and reemerging zoonotic pathogens to address them locally and prevent or quickly control their worldwide spread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfr Health Sci
March 2023
College of Medicine of University of Lagos, Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology; Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology.