Neonatal Conjunctivitis Caused by Neisseria cinerea: A Case of Mistaken Identity.

We report a case of a 3-day-old boy with Neisseria cinerea conjunctivitis, originally misidentified as Neisseria gonorrhoeae conjunctivitis. Neonates are at increased risk for disseminated gonococcal infection, and physicians should be cognizant of N cinerea and its potential to be mistaken for N gonorrhoeae.

Exploring the umbilical and vaginal port during minimally invasive surgery.

This article focuses on the anatomy, literature, and our own experiences in an effort to assist in the decision-making process of choosing between an umbilical or vaginal port. Umbilical access is more familiar to general surgeons; it is thicker than the transvaginal entry, and has more nerve endings and sensory innervations. This combination increases tissue damage and pain in the umbilical port site.

Targeting Access to Kidney Care Via Telehealth: The VA Experience.

The Veterans Affairs (VA) is the largest integrated health care system in the United States and is responsible for the care of a population with a disproportionately high rate of CKD. As such, ensuring access to kidney health services is a VA imperative. One facet of the VA's strategy to reduce CKD is to leverage the use of teletechnology to expand the VA's outreach to Veterans with kidney disease.

Robotic-assisted Laparoscopic Repair of a Cesarean Section Scar Defect.

Study Objective: To describe our technique for the repair of a cesarean section uterine scar defect after removal of an ectopic pregnancy from the scar in a patient desiring future pregnancies.

Design: Step-by-step explanation of the procedure using video (Canadian Task Force classification III).

Setting: Uterine scar dehiscence/defect is a known complications of multiple cesarean deliveries that can result in abnormal bleeding, infertility, and cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy.

Escherichia coli Infections.

Unlabelled: Virulent strains of Escherichia coli are responsible for most diarrheal infections, meningitis, septicemia, and urinary tract infections in children worldwide. Clinicians must learn to recognize, treat, and prevent these infections.

Objectives: After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1.

Extraglandular manifestations of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Sjögren syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that typically affects the salivary and lacrimal glands. Aside from the common glandular signs and symptoms, Sjögren syndrome may also cause mononuclear infiltration and immune complex deposition involving extraglandular sites producing several extraglandular manifestations (EGM). The prevalence of EGMs varies greatly depending on the particular manifestation.

Central Nervous System Vasculopathy in HIV-Infected Children Enrolled in the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 219/219C Study.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) vasculopathy has been reported in human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV+) adults and children. In children, it often presents with HIV encephalopathy, stroke, or intracerebral aneurysms. The etiology, incidence, and risk factors of HIV-associated CNS vasculopathy in children are unknown.

Adolescent xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis mimicking renal cell carcinoma on urine cytology: an atypical presentation.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a chronic renal inflammatory lesion that is rarely diagnosed in children. We present a case of a 16-year-old boy presenting with gross hematuria and a lack of laboratory and radiographic findings for XGP who was suspected of having renal cell carcinoma on urine cytology. Left radical nephrectomy was performed, confirming the diagnosis of XGP.

Factors associated with mortality and length of stay in hospitalised neonates in Eritrea, Africa: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with mortality in a hospitalised cohort of infants in Asmara, Eritrea.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional review of all 2006 admissions to a specialised neonatal intensive care unit. Data on gestational age (prematurity), age at presentation, birth weight, gender, mode of delivery, Apgar score, maternal age, birth location, admission diagnosis, admission comorbidities, time of admission and outcome were collected.

Health insurance and length of stay for children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Disparities in patterns of care and outcomes for ambulatory-care sensitive childhood conditions such as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) persist. However, the influence of insurance status on length of stay (LOS) for children hospitalized with CAP remains unexplored.

Methods: Secondary analysis of children (<18 years) hospitalized with CAP sampled in the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) for years 1997, 2000, 2003, and 2006.

Allergic reaction to mint leads to asthma.

Respiratory and cutaneous adverse reactions to mint can result from several different mechanisms including IgE-mediated hypersensitivity, delayed-type hypersensitivity (contact dermatitis), and nonimmunologic histamine release. Reactions to cross-reacting plants of the Labiatae family, such as oregano and thyme, as well as to the chemical turpentine, may clue the clinician in on the diagnosis of mint allergy. Contact dermatitis can result from menthol in peppermint.

Antioxidants improve antibacterial function in hyperoxia-exposed macrophages.

Hyperoxia and pulmonary infections are well known to increase the risk of acute and chronic lung injury in newborn infants, but it is not clear whether hyperoxia directly increases the risk of pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to examine: (1) the effects of hyperoxia and antioxidant enzymes on inflammation and bacterial clearance in mononuclear cells and (2) developmental differences between adult and neonatal mononuclear cells in response to hyperoxia. Mouse macrophages were exposed to either room air or 95% O2 for 24 h and then incubated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Change in pulse pressure during the preclinical phase of preeclampsia.

Objective: To measure and compare pulse pressure in early pregnancy between parturients who subsequently did or did not develop preeclampsia.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review of 44 parturients with preeclampsia and 187 controls without. The groups were compared for blood pressure indices before 15 weeks' gestation and other maternal variables.

Complications of body piercing.

The trend of body piercing at sites other than the earlobe has grown in popularity in the past decade. The tongue, lips, nose, eyebrows, nipples, navel, and genitals may be pierced. Complications of body piercing include local and systemic infections, poor cosmesis, and foreign body rejection.

Increased standardized uptake value in the primary lesion predicts nodal or distant metastases at presentation in lung cancer.

Standardized uptake value (SUV) has been linked to tumor aggressiveness and long-term prognosis. Based on the hypothesis that positron emission tomography (PET) SUV serves as a surrogate for biologic aggression, we investigated whether SUV in the primary lesion, independent of size, correlates with the presence of nodal or distant metastases at the time of presentation. We retrospectively reviewed computed tomography (CT) scan, PET scan, and histologic findings of consecutive patients in our lung cancer referral population evaluated between December 15, 2000 and April 15, 2004.

Clinical deterioration in pediatric asthmatic patients after September 11, 2001.

Background: New York City residents were exposed to a variety of inhaled substances after the collapse of the World Trade Center. Exposure to these substances might lead to an increase in asthma severity, with residential distance from Ground Zero predictive of the degree of change.

Objective: We sought to assess the effect of the World Trade Center collapse on local pediatric asthmatic patients.

Unscheduled apoptosis during acute inflammatory lung injury.

Apoptosis is a mode of cell death currently thought to occur in the absence of inflammation. In contrast, inflammation follows unscheduled events such as acute tissue injury which results in necrosis, not apoptosis. We examined the relevance of this paradigm in three distinct models of acute lung injury; hyperoxia, oleic acid, and bacterial pneumonia.