Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Scientific investigations underscore the cognitive, psychological, and social benefits of cognitive stimulation for aged individuals, yet rigorous long-term studies remain limited.

Method: This abstract outlines the methods and initial participant characteristics of a controlled, randomized clinical trial on cognitive stimulation. A total of 578 aged individuals responded to the study call, with 362 meeting eligibility criteria.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: This study investigated the effects of cognitive stimulation on older adults over 18 months through a randomized clinical trial with 190 participants divided into Training Group (TG), Active Control Group (ACG), and Passive Control Group (PCG). Initial sociodemographic characterization (Table 1) ensured homogeneity among the groups. The clinical trial design aimed to assess the long-term impacts of multicompartment cognitive stimulation on the cognitive function of older adults in the TG.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-α is necessary for high fat diet-induced pancreatic β-cell mass expansion and metabolic compensations.

Aims: This study investigates the role of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α (HNF4α) in the adaptation of pancreatic β-cells to an HFD-induced obesogenic environment, focusing on β cell mass expansion and metabolic adaptations.

Main Methods: We utilized an HNF4α knockout (KO) mouse model, with CRE-recombinase enzyme activation confirmed through tamoxifen administration. KO and Control (CTL) mice were fed an HFD for 20 weeks.

Impact of body composition and muscle health phenotypes on survival outcomes in colorectal cancer: a multicenter cohort.

Body composition abnormalities are prognostic markers in several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Using our data distribution on body composition assessments and classifications could improve clinical evaluations and support population-specific opportune interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of body composition from computed tomography and assess the associations with overall survival among patients with CRC.

Study of the synergistic properties of copaiba oil co-electrospun with poly(L-co-D,L lactic acid) and natural rubber latex for application in bioactive wound dressings.

Wound healing is a complex process involving a sequence of factors that can be disrupted, negatively impacting the quality of life for patients and overburdening healthcare systems. Advanced dressings obtained by electrospinning are highlighted by the optimization of this process, allowing air exchange and protection against microorganisms. Aiming to develop bioactive dressings, this study investigated the physicochemical, mechanical, microbiological, and in vitro biological properties of membranes containing 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 90 % copaiba oil (CO) co-electrospun with poly(L-co-D,L-lactic acid) (PLDLA) and natural rubber latex (NR).

Exploring the ventricular morphology of the heart of Brycon amazonicus (Agassiz, 1829) (Teleostei, Characiformes).

Brycon amazonicus, a fish species widely distributed along freshwater rivers in Latin America, is important in maintaining ecological balance. Although some morphological/physiological aspects of B. amazonicus have been reported, the cardiac histomorphology of this species remains poorly understood.

Dapagliflozin reduces the white coat effect on systolic blood pressure of patients with type 2 diabetes: a analysis from the ADDENDA-BHS 2 trial.

Background: White coat effect (WCE) is a phenomenon linked to increased cardiovascular risk, where office blood pressure readings exceed home or ambulatory measurements. Excess weight and elevated blood pressure or glucose are associated with WCE in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study compared dapagliflozin and glibenclamide on WCE in T2D patients under equivalent blood pressure and glucose control.

Interplay between miRNA expression and glucose metabolism in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Given the urgent need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), this review aims to explore the intricate interplay between OSCC and alterations in glucose metabolism, with a particular focus on the pivotal role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this context.

Material And Methods: Data were extracted from a vast literature survey by using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science search engines with relevant keywords.

Results: In OSCC, miRNAs exert regulatory control over the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism pathways.

Identifying candidate genes for sugar accumulation in sugarcane: an integrative approach.

Background: Elucidating the intricacies of the sugarcane genome is essential for breeding superior cultivars. This economically important crop originates from hybridizations of highly polyploid Saccharum species. However, the large size (10 Gb), high degree of polyploidy, and aneuploidy of the sugarcane genome pose significant challenges to complete genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation.

Prognostic Factors in Head and Neck Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 3052 Patients in Brazil.

Objective: Evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics at head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnosis and their impact on overall survival (OS) across different anatomical sites.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study (2011-2021) at Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, involving 3052 HNSCC patients. Survival analyses utilized the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals, incorporating significant variables from univariate analysis.

Endothelium-derived 6-nitrodopamine is the major mechanism by which nitric oxide relaxes the rabbit isolated aorta.

6-Nitrodopamine (6-ND) is the predominant catecholamine released from isolated vascular tissues in both mammals and reptiles, with its release being significantly reduced by the NO synthesis inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The vasorelaxation induced by 6-ND is unaffected by either L-NAME or the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, ODQ, indicating an alternative mechanism of action. The vasorelaxant effect appears to be mediated through selective antagonism of dopamine D receptors rather than traditional nitric oxide (NO)-mediated pathways.

The effect of breakfast skipping and sleep disorders on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, and weight loss in type 2 diabetes.

Background & Aims: Meal timing is an emerging branch of science that investigates the influence of eating patterns on the circadian rhythm and overall health. There are still discrepancies in the literature as to whether late distribution of food intake and sleep disorders could impact biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers. The objectives of this study were firstly observe skipping breakfast and sleep disorders over 12 months.

Sprint and jump performance are determined by localized BIA - an ecological study in track and field adolescent athletes.

Background: Raw data obtained through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) have been applied in different populations to assess body fluids and cell integrity. Assessing raw BIA parameters in specific muscles is an emerging method for evaluating muscle function. We investigated the associations of the BIA-derived variables of resistance (R), reactance (Xc) and phase angle (PhA) measured through whole-body (WB) and muscle-localized (ML) methods with performance in the countermovement jump (CMJ) and 50-meter (m) sprint.

Plasma metabolic profile reveals signatures of maternal health during gestational hypertension and preeclampsia without and with severe features.

Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific syndrome, poses substantial risks to maternal and neonatal health, particularly in cases with severe features. Our study focuses on evaluating the impact of low molecular weight metabolites on the intricate mechanisms and pathways involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia when severe features are present. We aim to pinpoint the distinct metabolomic profile in maternal plasma during pregnancies affected by hypertensive disorders and to correlate the metabolite levels with the clinical characteristics of the study cohort.

The Influence of Fatty Acid Oxygenases PpoA and PpoC on Caspofungin Susceptibility.

can cause invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Fungicidal azoles and fungistatic caspofungin (CAS) are the first- and second-line therapies, respectively, used to treat IPA. Treatment of with CAS or micafungin induces the production of the oxylipin 5,8-diHODE by the fungal oxygenase PpoA.

Family caregivers' needs for information on pediatric cystic fibrosis: A qualitative study.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects not just patients but also their families, highlighting the need for a comprehensive care approach. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to explore the informational needs of family caregivers of children with CF, focusing on how these needs can be addressed within a Patient and Family-Centered Care (PFCC) framework. The study was conducted at a public hospital in Brazil.

Classification of pediatric soft and bone sarcomas using DNA methylation-based profiling.

Pediatric sarcomas present heterogeneous morphology, genetics and clinical behavior posing a challenge for an accurate diagnosis. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that coordinates chromatin structure and regulates gene expression, determining cell type and function. DNA methylation-based tumor profiling classifier for sarcomas (known as sarcoma classifier) from the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum) was applied to 122 pediatric sarcomas referred to a reference pediatric oncology hospital.

Cystic Lesions and Odontogenic Tumors in Older People: A Brazilian Multicenter Study.

Background: Some odontogenic cysts (OCs) and odontogenic tumors (OTs) are infiltrative and often recur, causing bone destruction and tooth loss. In the elderly, in particular, these injuries cause significant morbidity, making rehabilitation difficult and compromising the quality of life of these individuals. Objective: To determine the prevalence and demographic characteristics of OCs, non-odontogenic cysts (NOCs), and OTs diagnosed in an elderly Brazilian population (≥60 years).

Concentration and Stability of Fluoride Chemically Available in Charcoal-Containing Toothpastes.

Introduction: Among the wide variety of commercially oral hygiene products, activated charcoal-based toothpastes have irrupted the market, claiming multiple benefits. Although most are fluoride free, others incorporate fluoride into their formulations, yet the chemical availability and stability of fluoride in these products remain unclear. Our study aimed to assess the chemical availability and stability of fluoride in commercially fluoridated toothpastes formulated with activated charcoal.

Food Consumption According to the NOVA Food Classification and Its Relationship with Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Women.

Background/objectives: Depression, anxiety, and stress are highly prevalent mental disorders worldwide, and food consumption can change in individuals with these conditions. We aimed to assess the food consumption of women with depressive symptoms and compare it to a control without symptoms.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 96 women, aged 18-59, allocated into two groups: control = 62) or depressive symptoms ( = 34).

Spray paint-derived microplastics and incorporated substances as ecotoxicological contaminants in the neotropical bumblebee Bombus atratus.

While bumblebees may be exposed to microplastics (MPs), the effects on them are not well studied. Therefore, in this research, we assessed the cytotoxicity of pristine and photodegraded spray paint-derived MPs on the midgut, Malpighian tubules, and hepato-nephrocitic system cells of Bombus atratus workers exposed to 50 mg.L MPs for 96 hours.