Antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipyretic, and thrombolytic profiling of methanol extract of the aerial part of : In vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches.

L. also called black pepper is popular for its numerous uses. The present research is designed to investigate the pharmacological potential of methanol extract of (MEPN).

SARS-CoV-2 and Rohingya Refugee Camp, Bangladesh: Uncertainty and How the Government Took Over the Situation.

Bangladesh hosts more than 800,000 Rohingya refugees from Myanmar. The low health immunity, lifestyle, access to good healthcare services, and social-security cause this population to be at risk of far more direct effects of COVID-19 than the host population. Therefore, evidence-based forecasting of the COVID-19 burden is vital in this regard.

Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Challenges of COVID-19: An Update From the Global Perspective.

Clinical characteristics are essential for the correct diagnosis of diseases. The current review aimed to summarize the global clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 patients systematically and identify their diagnostic challenges to help the medical practitioners properly diagnose and for better management of COVID-19 patients. We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases for original articles containing clinical information of COVID-19 published up to 7th May 2020.

Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of plants of the genus Gynura.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The genus Gynura (Compositae) includes around 46 species and is native to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia, Africa and Australia. Many species within this genus are used in ethnomedicine to treat various disorders including skin diseases, injuries, ulcers, wounds, burns, sores, scalds, as well as for the management of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, constipation, rheumatism, bronchitis and inflammation.

Aim Of The Review: This review is an attempt to provide scientific information regarding the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological profiles of Gynura species along with the nomenclature, distribution, taxonomy and botanical features of the genus.

The Potential Mechanisms of the Neuroprotective Actions of Oil Palm Phenolics: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) can be characterized by degradation and subsequent loss of neurons. ND has been identified as the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide and is associated with various risk factors such as ageing, certain genetic polymorphisms, inflammation, immune and metabolic conditions that may induce elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and subsequent oxidative stress. Presently, no specific cure or prevention is available for ND patients; the symptoms can be only alleviated via drug treatment or surgery.

Volatile and nonvolatile taste compounds and their correlation with umami and flavor characteristics of chicken nuggets added with milkfat and potato mash.

This study investigated the chemical compounds and umami characteristics of chicken nuggets using spent meat (SM) enriched with milkfat (MF) and potato mash (PM). Four different spent nuggets (SNs) i.e.

Coronaviruses in wild birds - A potential and suitable vector for global distribution.

The recurrent appearance of novel coronaviruses (CoVs) and the mortality and morbidity caused by their outbreaks aroused a widespread response among the global science community. Wild birds' high biodiversity, perching and migratory activity, ability to travel long distances and possession of a special adaptive immune system may make them alarming sources of zoonotic CoV-spreading vectors. This review gathers the available evidence on the global spread of CoVs in wild birds to date.

Metformin in colorectal cancer: molecular mechanism, preclinical and clinical aspects.

Growing evidence showed the increased prevalence of cancer incidents, particularly colorectal cancer, among type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Antidiabetic medications such as, insulin, sulfonylureas, dipeptyl peptidase (DPP) 4 inhibitors and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GLP-1) analogues increased the additional risk of different cancers to diabetic patients. Conversely, metformin has drawn attention among physicians and researchers since its use as antidiabetic drug exhibited beneficial effect in the prevention and treatment of cancer in diabetic patients as well as an independent anticancer drug.

Changes in physicochemical characteristics and oxidative stability of pre- and post-rigor frozen chicken muscles during cold storage.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of rigor state on physicochemical characteristics and the oxidative stability of chicken leg and breast muscles as a function of freezing time. Breast and leg muscles were excised from 24 broiler chickens at 30 min or 1.5 h postmortem (PM), frozen overnight at - 75 °C immediately, and then stored at - 20 °C for 90 days to measure the meat quality traits.

Comprehensive Review on Phytochemicals, Pharmacological and Clinical Potentials of .

is a plant included in Apocynaceae family and is located in many regions of Asia, Africa and Australia. This plant is widely used as a traditional therapy for different purposes. Even now it is being used as a dietary supplement due to its numerous therapeutic uses.

Levofloxacin: Insights Into Antibiotic Resistance and Product Quality.

Counterfeit and substandard medicines are recognized as one of serious threats to public health. The product quality of antibacterial medicine will compromise patients' recovery and increase the chance of antibacterial resistance. The review aims to provide a summary of low quality levofloxacin issues and the risk factors as well as suggesting the aspects of product quality that need to be regulated strictly.

Antinociceptive activities of Artocarpus lacucha Buch-ham (Moraceae) and its isolated phenolic compound, catechin, in mice.

Background: The present study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the bark of Artocarpus lacucha, which is used for the treatment of stomachache, headache and boils in the traditional system of medicine.

Methods: The antinociceptive activity was investigated by the tail immersion, hot plate, acetic acid- & formalin-induced nociception and carrageenan-induced paw edema tests using a hydro-methanolic extract of A. lacucha bark.

How the association between obesity and inflammation may lead to insulin resistance and cancer.

Background And Objectives: Obesity is associated with metabolic dysfunction and over nutrition. Increased body mass index and obesity are strongly amalgamated with changes in the physiological function of adipose tissue, leading to altered secretion of adipocytokines, inflammatory mediators release as well as chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. The purposes of this study were to review the evidence of how obesity and inflammation may lead to insulin resistance and cancer.

Ficus cunia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. (leaves): An experimental evaluation of the cytotoxicity, thrombolytic, analgesic and neuropharmacological activities of its methanol extract.

Background The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the cytotoxic, thrombolytic, analgesic, sedative-hypnotic and anxiolytic activities of the methanolic extract of Ficus cunia leaves. Methods Primary phytochemical screening was accomplished by using established methods. Cytotoxicity was studied by brine shrimp lethality test, and the thrombolytic assay was conducted through clot lysis method with human blood.

Nutrition transition - Pattern IV: Leads Bangladeshi youth to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity.

Fast food and soft drinks consumption leading to excess calorie intake coupled with lack of acceptable physical activity has augmented the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the world population for the past few eras. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 475 youth selected by systematic random sampling attending in 27 established public and private universities and colleges of Bangladesh. The study was aimed to evaluate habitual facts associated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi youth.

Hypoglycemic activity and gut microbiota regulation of a novel polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa in type 2 diabetic mice.

GFP-N, a novel heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 1.26 × 10 Da, was isolated from maitake mushroom and purified by anion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE cellulose-52 column and gel-filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G-100 column. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and one-dimensional (H- and C-) NMR spectra, HH correlation spectroscopy, and HC heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectroscopy.

Self-Care and Self-Management Among Adolescent T2DM Patients: A Review.

Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia can lead to macro- and microvascular complications. Adolescents with T2DM develop similar complications as in adults, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, renal insufficiency, and chronic renal failure. Although regular medical follow-up is essential to avoid long-term complications, patients with diabetes mellitus need to perform holistic self-care activities such as opting for a healthy diet, physical activity, self-monitoring, and proper medication.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics on Cytokine Profiles.

Probiotics confer immunological protection to the host through the regulation, stimulation, and modulation of immune responses. Researchers have shifted their attention to better understand the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, which have the potential to prevent or alleviate certain pathologies for which proper medical treatment is as yet unavailable. It has been scientifically established that immune cells (T- and B-cells) mediate adaptive immunity and confer immunological protection by developing pathogen-specific memory.

Status of Hearing Impairment among Handloom Workers in Tangail District of Bangladesh.

Industrial noise is one of the major sources of noise pollution. Handloom industry is the biggest handicraft industry in our country; it is the second largest source of rural employment after agriculture. The workers of the handloom industry worked within excessive level of sound.

Structural characterization and antidiabetic potential of a novel heteropolysaccharide from Grifola frondosa via IRS1/PI3K-JNK signaling pathways.

A novel heteropolysaccharide from Grifola frondosa named GFP-W has been isolated and purified by DEAE Sephadex A-52 chromatography. Gas chromatography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, one-dimensional (H- and C-) and two-dimensional (H-H COSY, H-C HSQC, and H-C HMBC) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize its structure. The average molecular weight of GFP-W was 66.

Investigation of biological activities of the flowers of Lagerstroemia speciosa, the Jarul flower of Bangladesh.

Background: Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. (Family: Lythraceae) is used in traditional medicine in the treatment of diarrhea, diabetes and other diseases.

Probiotic Species in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota: An Overview.

Probiotics are microbial strains that are beneficial to health, and their potential has recently led to a significant increase in research interest in their use to modulate the gut microbiota. The animal gut is a complex ecosystem of host cells, microbiota, and available nutrients, and the microbiota prevents several degenerative diseases in humans and animals via immunomodulation. The gut microbiota and its influence on human nutrition, metabolism, physiology, and immunity are addressed, and several probiotic species and strains are discussed to improve the understanding of modulation of gut microbiota.

Polymethoxyflavones from (Solanaceae) Exert Antinociceptive and Neuropharmacological Effects in Mice.

Polymethoxylavones (PMFs) are known to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. , an annual Bangladeshi herb, is rich in polymethoxyflavones that possess significant analgesic and anxiolytic activities. The present study aimed to determine the antinociceptive and neuropharmacological activities of polyoxygenated flavonoids namely- 3,3',5,6,7,8-hexamethoxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyflavone (), 3,3',4',5',5,6,7,8-octamethoxyflavone (exoticin) (), 6,7,4',5'-dimethylenedioxy-3,5,3'-trimethoxyflavone (), and 3,3',4',5,5',8-hexamethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone (), isolated and identified from .

Molecular Simulation Studies of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane as a Potent MicroRNA-21 Antagonist.

Objective: In recent decades, the overexpression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) is found to be progressively linked with many diseases such as different types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. Thereby, it has become an attractive target for pharmacological and genetic modulation in various diseases, and also for overcoming the resistance to chemotherapy in several cancers. Here, in this study, the role of molecular therapeutics of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) has been investigated for its ability to bind with the precursor miRNA as a target of miR-21 (hsa-mir-21), which may alter the catalyzation process of dicer, a RNase III enzyme, involved in miRNA transcription.

Computational investigations of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicological properties and molecular docking of betulinic acid, a constituent of Corypha taliera (Roxb.) with Phospholipase A2 (PLA2).

Background: Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural triterpenoid compound and exhibits a wide range of biological and medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, this theoretical investigation is performed to evaluate (a) physicochemical properties such as acid dissociation constant (pKa), distribution coefficient (logD), partition coefficient (logP), aqueous solubility (logS), solvation free energy, dipole moment, polarizability, hyperpolarizability and different reactivity descriptors, (b) pharmacokinetic properties like human intestinal absorption (HIA), cellular permeability, skin permeability (P), plasma protein binding (PPB), penetration of the blood brain barrier (BBB), (c) toxicological properties including mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, risk of inhibition of hERG gene and (d) molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory action which will aid the development of analytical method and the synthesis of BA derivatives.

Methods: The physicochemical properties were calculated using MarvinSketch 15.