Pragmatic clinic-based investigation of echocardiogram parameters in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice and its association with suggestive coronary artery disease: a pilot study.

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the echocardiographic parameters that showed alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) with suggestive coronary artery disease (CAD) determined by electrocardiography and the secondary was to assess the relationship of these alterations with established cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional, observational pilot study included 152 consecutive patients with T2DM who attended a tertiary DM outpatient care center.

Regen Fat Code: A Standardized Protocol for Facial Volumetry and Rejuvenation.

Background: Facial aging is a degenerative process that impairs contour and angle prominence. Rejuvenation is based on tissue replacement, volumization of the atrophic areas, and improving flaccidity and cutaneous photoaging.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to apply structural fat grafting to manage volumetric deficits of the face, following a new systematic protocol called "Regen Fat Code" (RF Code) that was created to standardize structural lipotransfer methods.

Drainage on augmentation mammoplasty: Does it work?

Background: Breast prostheses could be associated with complications, despite many studies on surgical materials and techniques. The role of surgical drainage in preventing complications on breast prostheses surgery is controversial.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role and effectiveness of vacuum drainage in the augmentation mammoplasty.

Vascular Age as a Cardiovascular Risk Marker in Asymptomatic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Aim: There is a wide variety of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), even in asymptomatic individuals. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and can be considered as a predictor of cardiovascular risk (CVR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CIMT-determined vascular age (VA), CVR scores, and thyroid function in asymptomatic patients with T2DM.

Health literacy and glycemic control in patients with diabetes: a tertiary care center study in Brazil.

Background: The primary objective of our study was to determine which factors influence health literacy (HL) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the secondary one was to evaluate the influence of HL on glycemic control.

Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study with 347 patients (144 with T1D and 203 with T2D), conducted between December 2014/December 2017. Data were obtained from medical records and/or questionnaire.

Fat Grafting for Facial Contouring Using Mechanically Stromal Vascular Fraction-Enriched Lipotransfer.

Autologous fat graft has limitations, especially long-term unpredictability of volume maintenance. The mechanical enrichment of fat graft with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) could guarantee the survival of fat grafts. After decantation, washing, and centrifugation of lipoaspirate, the authors carried out histochemical analysis and flow cytometry to determine the best layers for preparing ADSC-enriched fat.

The in vitro BCG Moreau infection of human monocytes that induces Caspase-1 expression, release and dependent cell death is mostly reliant upon cell integrity.

Background: Caused by , tuberculosis (TB) is an extremely contagious disease predominantly affecting the lungs. TB is found worldwide and has a major impact on public health safety primarily due to its high mortality rate. Applied for over a hundred years as a preventive measure, BCG remains the only available TB vaccine.

The influence of demographic, social-educational determinants and diabetes management on agreement between glucometer and logbook and its impact on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes: a follow-up study.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, social-educational determinants and diabetes management factors that have influenced the agreement between glycaemia obtained from a glucometer and logbook; the second objective was to evaluate the influence of the above-mentioned factors on glycemic control and its trajectories in Type 1 diabetes (T1D) over 1 year follow-up period during routine clinical practice.

Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at the Diabetes Unit at Rio de Janeiro's State University, between May 2017 and May 2018. All consecutive patients with clinical diagnosis of T1D that attended the Diabetes Unit between April and June 2017 were enrolled in this study.

Does knowledge on diabetes management influence glycemic control? A nationwide study in patients with type 1 diabetes in Brazil.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to establish demographic and clinical data associated with the knowledge on diabetes management and its influence on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, multicenter study conducted with 1,760 patients between August 2011 and August 2014 in 10 cities of Brazil.

Results: Overall, 1,190 (67.

The patterns of in vitro cell-death and inflammatory cytokines induced by distinct BCG vaccine strains are differentially induced in human mononuclear cells.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the world's leading cause of mortality. For its control, studies of TB vaccines are needed. Since live-attenuated Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only TB vaccine currently in use, studies on the protective role of BCG are required.

The impact of ethnicity, educational and economic status on the prescription of insulin therapeutic regimens and on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. A nationwide study in Brazil.

Aims: Establish the relationship between demographic, educational and economic status on insulin therapeutic regimens (ITRs) and on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study with 1760 patients conducted between August 2011 and August 2014 in 10 Brazilian cities.

Results: Patients were stratified according to ITRs as follows: only NPH insulin (group 1, n=80(4.

Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes between 1986 and 2015 in Bauru, Brazil.

Aims: To assess temporal trends in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil from 1986 to 2015.

Research Design And Methods: The yearly incidence of type 1 diabetes (per 100,000/yr) from 1986 to 2015 was determined in children ≤14yr of age, using individual case notification and the capture and recapture method.

Results: During thirty years (1986-2015), 302 cases were diagnosed in our population.

Vascular or chronological age: which is the better marker to estimate the cardiovascular risk in patients with type 1 diabetes?

Aims: To evaluate whether using vascular age (VA) instead of chronological age (CA) in the Framingham score would enhance the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising 58 T1D patients and 38 control subjects matched by age, gender and body mass index. To estimate the VA, we used carotid intima-media thickness normality estimation tables that took into account age, gender and ethnic group.

Adherence to insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes. A nationwide survey in Brazil.

Aims: Determine the relationship between self-reported adherence to insulin therapeutic regimens in Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes and demographic, clinical data, glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted between August 2011 and August 2014 in 10 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 1698 patients, aged 30.

Human neonates display altered ex vivo monokine production related to healthy adults.

The inflammatory response plays an important role during the induction of several neonatal diseases. Previous studies have shown that during newborn infections, the natural imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses shifts toward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we employed an array system to detect 9 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and performed ELISA for 6 other cytokines.

Predictors of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), although considered as an independent risk factor for CVD, remains underdiagnosed. The aim of this paper was to determine the prevalence, predictors of CAN in patients with T1D and its association with other chronic complications of diabetes.

Alpha-lipoic acid as a pleiotropic compound with potential therapeutic use in diabetes and other chronic diseases.

Alpha-lipoic acid is a naturally occurring substance, essential for the function of different enzymes that take part in mitochondria's oxidative metabolism. It is believed that alpha-lipoic acid or its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid have many biochemical functions acting as biological antioxidants, as metal chelators, reducers of the oxidized forms of other antioxidant agents such as vitamin C and E, and modulator of the signaling transduction of several pathways. These above-mentioned actions have been shown in experimental studies emphasizing the use of alpha-lipoic acid as a potential therapeutic agent for many chronic diseases with great epidemiological as well economic and social impact such as brain diseases and cognitive dysfunctions like Alzheimer disease, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, burning mouth syndrome, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, some types of cancer, glaucoma and osteoporosis.

Influence of a family history of type 2 diabetes, demographic and clinical data on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery is a surrogate end point of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Identifying the factors associated with a higher IMT may contribute to the identification of subjects with higher CVD risk. Our objective was to compare the common carotid IMT of type 1 diabetes patients to healthy control subjects.

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) are the two most common endocrine disorders in clinical practice. The unrecognized TD may adversely affect the metabolic control and add more risk to an already predisposing scenario for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of TD in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM).

Heterogeneity in the costs of type 1 diabetes in a developing country: what are the determining factors?

Background And Aims: Regional differences in the clinical care of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Brazil have been recently described. This study aimed to estimate the costs of T1D from the public health care system's perspective across the regions of Brazil and to determine the components that influence these costs.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional and nationwide multicenter study conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities.

Low birth weight: causes and consequences.

During our phylogenetic evolution we have selected genes, the so called thrifty genes, that can help to maximize the amount of energy stored from every consumed calorie. An imbalance in the amount of stored calories can lead to many diseases. In the early 80's the distinguished English epidemiologist David Barker, formulated a hypothesis suggesting that many events that occur during the intrauterine life and early in infancy can influence the occurrence of many diseases that will develop in adulthood.

The cost of type 1 diabetes: a nationwide multicentre study in Brazil.

Objective: To determine the direct medical costs of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to the National Brazilian Health-Care System (NBHCS) and quantify the contribution of each individual component to the total cost.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, nationwide multicentre study was conducted between 2008 and 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. The study included 3180 patients with T1DM (mean age 22 years ± 11.