Regulatory effect of PGE on microbicidal activity and inflammatory cytokines in canine leishmaniasis.

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is caused by the intracellular parasite Leishmania infantum. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE ) exerts potent regulatory effects on the immune system in experimental model Leishmania infection, but this influence has not yet been studied in CanL. In this study, PGE and PGE receptor levels and the regulatory effect of PGE on arginase activity, NO , IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF-α and parasite load were evaluated in cultures of splenic leucocytes obtained from dogs with CanL in the presence of agonists and inhibitors.

Otodectes cynotis (Sarcoptiformes: Psoroptidae): New Records on Wild Carnivores in Brazil With a Case Report.

The genus Otodectes Canestrini 1894, comprises an unique species, Otodectes cynotis (Hering, 1838), that is responsible for the 'ear mange' in terrestrial carnivores worldwide. Here we report its occurrence in four Brazilian host species from the southeastern region, based on records from Carnivora in the Acari Collection of the Butantan Institute, São Paulo state (IBSP). We also register a case report of a crab-eating fox, Cerdocyon thous L.

Integration of single nucleotide variants and whole-genome DNA methylation profiles for classification of rheumatoid arthritis cases from controls.

This study evaluated the use of multiomics data for classification accuracy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Three approaches were used and compared in terms of prediction accuracy: (1) whole-genome prediction (WGP) using SNP marker information only, (2) whole-methylome prediction (WMP) using methylation profiles only, and (3) whole-genome/methylome prediction (WGMP) with combining both omics layers. The number of SNP and of methylation sites varied in each scenario, with either 1, 10, or 50% of these preselected based on four approaches: randomly, evenly spaced, lowest p value (genome-wide association or epigenome-wide association study), and estimated effect size using a Bayesian ridge regression (BRR) model.

The Combination of Fasting, Acute Resistance Exercise, and Protein Ingestion Led to Different Responses of Autophagy Markers in Gastrocnemius and Liver Samples.

The present study verified the responses of proteins related to the autophagy pathway after 10 h of fast with resistance exercise and protein ingestion in skeletal muscle and liver samples. The rats were distributed into five experimental groups: control (CT; sedentary and without gavage after fast), exercise immediately (EXE-imm; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received water by gavage immediately after exercise), exercise after 1 h (EXE-1h; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received water by gavage 1 h after exercise), exercise and supplementation immediately after exercise (EXE/Suppl-imm; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received a mix of casein: whey protein 1:1 (/) by gavage immediately after exercise), exercise and supplementation 1 h after exercise (EXE/Suppl-1h; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received a mix of casein: whey protein 1:1 (/) by gavage 1 h after exercise). In summary, the current findings show that the combination of fasting, acute resistance exercise, and protein blend ingestion (immediately or 1 h after the exercise stimulus) increased the serum levels of leucine, insulin, and glucose, as well as the autophagy protein contents in skeletal muscle, but decreased other proteins related to the autophagic pathway in the liver.

Independent relationships between different domains of physical activity and depressive symptoms among 60,202 Brazilian adults.

Objective: To analyze the association between four key different physical activity (PA) domains and depressive symptoms among Brazilian adults.

Methods: Data from the Brazilian National Health Survey (n = 60,202; ≥18 years) were used. PA across four different domains (leisure, transport, occupational and household) was collected through specific questionnaires.

Prosopis juliflora as a new cosmetic ingredient: Development and clinical evaluation of a bioactive moisturizing and anti-aging innovative solid core.

Prosopis juliflora is an invasive plant distributed throughout the world and presents metabolites of interest for cosmetology. The aim of this work was to develop a new polysaccharide-based ingredient from P. juliflora and analyze its application in a solid core formulation that upon contact with water instantly forms a gel to improve moisturizing and anti-aging skin properties.

Joint association of ultra-processed food and sedentary behavior with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among Brazilian adolescents.

Aims: We analyzed the joint association of high ultra-processed food ingestion and sedentary behavior (SB) with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among Brazilian adolescents.

Methods: Data from the Brazilian Scholar Health Survey, a nationally representative survey of 9th grade adolescents [mean: 14.28 years (range: 11-18 years)] conducted in 2015 (n = 100,648) were used.

Antiviral activity of curcumin-nanoemulsion associated with photodynamic therapy in vulvar cell lines transducing different variants of HPV-16.

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound with antineoplastic properties. The use of nanoparticles containing curcumin could allow a better performance of this compound in therapies.

The role of melatonin on miRNAs modulation in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Melatonin, a hormone secreted by pineal gland, exerts antimetastatic effects by reducing tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in regulation of gene expression and biological processes of the cells. Herein, we search for a link between the tumor/metastatic-suppressive actions of melatonin and miRNA expression in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Knock knock, who's there?: marine invertebrates in tubes of Ceriantharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa).

This study reports on the fauna found in/on tubes of 10 species of Ceriantharia and discusses the characteristics of these occurrences, as well as the use of mollusc shells in ceriantharian tube construction. A total of 22 tubes of Ceriantharia from Argentina, Brazil, Japan, Norway, Portugal and the United States were analysed, revealing 58 species of marine invertebrates using them as alternative substrates. Based on a literature review and analyses of the sampled material, we report new occurrences for (Crustacea), (Mollusca), sp.

Chrysin Modulates Genes Related to Inflammation, Tissue Remodeling, and Cell Proliferation in the Gastric Ulcer Healing.

Chrysin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Here, the gastroprotective effect of chrysin was investigated in mouse models of gastric ulcer induced by absolute ethanol, acetic acid, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. The gastric-healing effect was evaluated at 7 and 14 days after treatment; the mechanism of action was verified using the expression of metalloproteinase 2 () and 9 (), caspase-3, cyclooxygenase 1 () and 2 (), epidermal growth factor (), and interleukin-10.

Evaluation of toceranib for treatment of apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma in dogs.

Background: There is no widely accepted standard medical treatment for apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA) in dogs. Targeted agents such as toceranib may be effective in treatment of AGASACA, but the number of clinical reports investigating its efficacy is limited.

Hypothesis/aim: To evaluate the efficacy of toceranib treatment of AGASACA in dogs, and to assess prognostic factors in the study population.

Dynamics of plasma micronutrient concentrations and their correlation with serum proteins and thyroid hormones in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis.

Minerals, such as zinc, copper, and iron are reported to play roles in chronic infectious diseases; however, their role in paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the micronutrient dynamics and their correlation with serum proteins and thyroid hormones in patients with PCM. In 14 patients with PCM and 10 healthy subjects, we evaluated the body mass index (BMI) along with serum levels of hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, zinc, copper, magnesium, albumin, globulin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (free T4), and triiodothyronine (T3).

Lifestyle behaviors among 4,343 Brazilian adults with severe mental illness and 55,859 general population controls: data from the Brazilian National Health Survey.

Objective: To analyze the association between severe mental illnesses and health behaviors among Brazilian adults.

Methods: We used data from the Brazilian National Health Survey, a large nationally representative cross-sectional study conducted in 2013 among 60,202 adults (≥ 18 years). Clinical diagnoses (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia), lifestyle behaviors (leisure-time physical activity, TV viewing, tobacco use and the consumption of alcohol, sweets, and soft drinks) and potential confounders (chronological age, race, educational and employment status) were self-reported.

Grb2 dimer interacts with Coumarin through SH2 domains: A combined experimental and molecular modeling study.

Grb2 is an important regulator of normal vs. oncogenic cell signaling transduction. It plays a pivotal role on kinase-mediated signaling transduction by linking Receptor Tyrosine kinases to Ras/MAPK pathway which is known to bring oncogenic outcome.

Diaphragm muscle structure in the elderly: Findings from an autopsy study.

Sarcopenia is characterized as aging-related weakness and atrophy, which decreases the diaphragm force generating capacity leading to a decrease of expulsive non-ventilatory motor behaviors, which are critical for airway clearance. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the histopathology of the diaphragm in postmortem samples. Thirty individuals were included.

Multibiomarker approach to fipronil exposure in the fish Dicentrarchus labrax under two temperature regimes.

Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole insecticide widely used to control pests in agriculture even though evidence of harmful side effects in non-target species has been reported. A comprehensive study on the effects of dietary administration of Regent®800WG (80 % fipronil) in European sea bass juveniles was carried out under two temperature regimes: a) natural conditions, and b) 3 °C above the natural temperature (an increase predicted for the NW Mediterranean by the end of this century). Fipronil was added to the fish food (10 mg fipronil /Kg feed) and the effects were studied at several time points including right before administration, 7 and 14 days after daily fipronil feed and one-week after the insecticide withdrawal from the diet (depuration period).

Testicular structure and development of germ cells of Hypophthalmus marginatus Valenciennes 1840 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae).

The present study was conducted to assess the testicular structure and germ cell ultrastructure of Hypophthalmus marginatus during spermatogenesis. Semen and sections of the mid-region of the testis were collected, processed, and analyzed using optical and electron microscopy. Macroscopically, the testes of H.

Microbial Production of the Off-Flavor Geosmin in Tilapia Production in Brazilian Water Reservoirs: Importance of Bacteria in the Intestine and Other Fish-Associated Environments.

Aim: To determine major sources of microbially produced geosmin in the commercially important aquaculture fish species tilapia.

Methods And Results: Abundance and composition of geosmin-producing bacteria in water and fish biosphere (intestine, digesta, and fins) of Nile tilapia () raised in net cages in Brazilian freshwater farms were examined. By combining qPCR of the geosmin synthase gene and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to identify potential geosmin-producing organisms, we observed that the proportion and composition of geosmin producers appeared to be rather similar in the water, digesta, intestinal mucous, and on skin, making up about 0.

Study of proteins with mercury in fish from the Amazon region.

The high concentrations of mercury found in Amazon have been intensively studied by the scientific community in the last decades. These mercurial species bind preferentially to proteins. Therefore, this work proposal sought to obtain the fractionation, identification and study of mercury - bound proteins present in samples of muscular and hepatic tissue from fish collected in the reservoir of the Jirau Hydroelectric Power Plant - on the Madeira River.

Latin American Consensus Statement for the Use of Contrast-Enhanced Transcranial Ultrasound as a Diagnostic Test for Detection of Right-to-Left Shunt.

Background: The role of patent foramen ovale is a field of debate and current publications have increasing controversies about the patients' management in young undetermined stroke. Work up with echocardiography and transcranial Doppler (TCD) can aid the decision with better anatomical and functional characterization of right-to-left shunt (RLS). Medical and interventional strategy may benefit from this information.

Identifying children who are susceptible to dropping out from physical activity and sport: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Although the benefits of physical activity are clear, adherence to physical activity programs is a challenge, especially during transitional phases of life.

Objective: We aimed to identify adolescents who were more likely to drop out from physical activity and sports participation, from childhood to adolescence.

Design And Setting: This was a cross-sectional study on retrospective data regarding childhood activity among 803 Brazilian adolescents.

Doxycycline reduces osteopenia in female rats.

Doxycycline, a member of the tetracycline family, is a drug used as an antibiotic (dosage of 100 mg/day) and as an anti-inflammatory drug on the dosage of 20 mg twice a day, this use has Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibitor action. Doxycycline is a calcium chelator and therefore interferes in bone remodeling. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the action of the drug doxycycline in the control of osteopenia.

Interactions of Bacillus thuringiensis strains for Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) susceptibility.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) biopesticides are an environmentally safe alternative to the management of Plutella xylostella pesticide resistance evolution. We evaluated P. xylostella susceptibility to six Bt strains cultivated and applied individually, and 15 combinations of Bt strains mixed after cultivation.