Diversity of the Amoebozoa and Ciliophora Groups in Non-Human Primates Kept Ex Situ and in Their Handlers in Different Institutions in Brazil.

Parasitic infections in non-human primates (NHPs) kept ex situ can be caused by zoonotic protists like and . In Brazil, little is known about these infections in neotropical species. This study aimed to identify Amoebozoa and Ciliophora groups in fecal samples through in vitro isolation and molecular analysis, mapping their distribution in Brazil.

Physicochemical properties and biological interaction of calcium silicate-based sealers - in vivo model.

Objectives: To investigate volumetric changes, in vivo biocompatibility, and systemic migration from eight commercial endodontic sealer materials in paste/paste, powder/liquid, and pre-mixed forms.

Materials And Methods: The sealers AH Plus Bioceramic, AH Plus Jet, BioRoot RCS, MTApex, Bio-C Sealer, Bio-C Sealer Ion+, EndoSequence BC Sealer and NeoSEALER Flo were studied. After characterisation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), tubes were implanted in Wistar rats' alveolar bone and subcutaneous tissues.

Long-term ultrasonographic changes of the canine prostate gland after castration.

Introduction: Ultrasound imaging (US) is the method of choice to assess the canine prostate gland. Whilst recent studies have documented the role of castration in the development of prostatic neoplasia, little is known about parenchymal and perfusion features of the normal and abnormal prostate in neutered dogs. No data are available concerning prostatic changes after the first 90 days following castration.

Quercetin Supplementation Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Testes of Wistar Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet.

Problem: A high-fat diet (HFD) predisposes animals to glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and testicular oxidative stress, and impairs sperm production in rats. Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipolytic actions and is a potential supplement to combat the oxidative stress caused by HFD and its harmful effects on reproduction. This study evaluated the effects of quercetin supplementation at doses of 10 and 20 mg/day on reproductive parameters and testicular oxidative stress in Wistar rats fed a diet rich in pork fat and fructose.

Synthesis and evaluation of the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of aminochalcones.

Candida is a commensal fungus of clinical interest that commonly lives in oral cavity and intestine but can become an opportunist microrganism and cause severe infections. A serie of 10 aminochalcones were designed and synthetized to obtain compounds anti-Candida with potent and broad-spectrum activity. The most active compound J34 demonstrated excellent in vitro activity against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei with minimum inhibitory concentration between 1.

Access to healthcare: waiting time until the surgical procedure.

Background: Understanding the determinants that limit the population's access to surgical care in health services is highly relevant in order to provide data to support political interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the time between diagnosis and elective surgery in adult patients with the longest waiting lists in Brazil; identify the determinants that interfere with access to the health service to perform surgery; and analyze the quality of life after the indicative diagnosis of surgical intervention.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adult patients treated at three hospitals in the Southeast, North and South regions of Brazil, from October 2020 to October 2022.

as a sentinel in the assessment of antimicrobial resistance in the tilapia production chain: from production environment to the final product.

Introduction: The intensification of tilapia production has increased animal density in tanks, leading to more frequent exposure to pathogenic agents and compromising the quality of fish products. Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern that affects human treatment, and sentinel microorganisms like are crucial for monitoring production chains, especially in aquaculture, where research is still limited. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of and investigate its antimicrobial resistance profiles throughout the entire tilapia production chain.

Association between individual urinary iodine concentrations in pregnant women and maternal/newborn outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess whether individual diagnosis of low urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in pregnant women is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Methods: Studies that compared pregnant women with UIC <150 μg/L and those with UIC 150-249 μg/L were systematically reviewed. MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and CENTRAL were our source databases.

Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of a mucoadhesive hydrogel functionalized with aminochalcone on titanium surfaces and in Galleria mellonella model: In vitro and in vivo study.

Peri-implantitis associated with dental implants shares characteristics with destructive periodontal diseases. Both conditions are multifactorial and strongly correlated with the presence of microorganisms surrounding the prostheses or natural dentition. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and toxicity of a mucoadhesive hydrogel functionalized with aminochalcone (HAM-15) against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium periodonticum, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Candida albicans.

Andrews (Haw.) Improves Losartan's Antihypertensive Activity.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases constitute one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Herbal medicines represent viable alternatives to the synthetic drugs currently employed in the control of hypertension. This study aimed to isolate and identify the chemical markers of and to investigate the antihypertensive and anti-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2) activities of an aqueous extract of the leaves.

Effect of coenzyme Q10 on tibial fracture resistance in nicotine-exposed rats.

The study aimed to evaluate the potential protection against fractures of oral Q10 supplementation in the tibias of rats exposed to nicotine. Nicotine is known to negatively impact bone density and increase the risk of fractures, in addition to affecting other systems such as the gastrointestinal system, impairing its absorption capacity, negatively affecting bone health. To investigate this, eighty male rats were divided into four groups (n = 20) receiving either nicotine hemisulfate or saline solution (SS) for 28 days.

Natural indigo toxicity for aquatic and terrestrial organisms.

Indigo is a widely used colorant available from natural and synthetic origin. It is practically insoluble in water. Indigo can reach aquatic sediments through wastewater discharges from dyeing processes, terrestrial compartments from the treatment sludges used as biosolids and dyed textiles disposed in landfills.

Impact of musical rhythm on blood, physiological and welfare parameters in stabled horses.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two styles of classical music, based on different tempos (BPM), on the physiological and blood parameters of horses during social isolation and restriction of movements. First experiment was carried out using nine horses of no defined breed, distributed in Control, Slow-tempo music and Moderate-tempo music .For social isolation and restriction of movement, the animals were housed daily in individual stalls for two hours and exposed to the stimuli for 60 min, and eye temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were assessed.

Abiotic Factors Modulating Metabolite Composition in Brown Algae (Phaeophyceae): Ecological Impacts and Opportunities for Bioprospecting of Bioactive Compounds.

Brown algae are vital structural elements and contributors to biodiversity in marine ecosystems. These organisms adapt to various environmental challenges by producing primary and secondary metabolites crucial for their survival, defense, and resilience. Besides their ecological role, these diverse metabolites have potential for biotechnological applications in industries including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food.

Evaluation of yeast-based additives on rumen fermentation in high- and low-concentrate diets using a dual-flow continuous culture system.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using 3 yeast-based additives as an alternative to sodium monensin on rumen fermentation parameters using a dual-flow continuous fermentation system. Ten fermenters (1,223 ± 21 mL) were used in 2 simultaneous 5 × 5 Latin squares arrangement with 3 periods of 10 d each, with 7 d for diet adaptation and 3 d for sample collections. Each Latin square assigning either a low or high level of concentrate to beef cattle diets, with 5 specified treatments: Control: no additives; Blend 1: yeast culture (), beta-glucans, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, and mannanoligosaccharides [1,600 mg/kg dry matter (DM)]; Blend 2: Beta-glucan and mannanoligosaccharide fractions from (1,600 mg/kg DM); Yeast Cells: hydrolyzed, inactivated, and spray-dried yeast cells (; 2,133 mg/kg DM); monensin (25 mg/kg DM).

Proximal tibial osteotomies for treating grade IV medial patellar luxation in two feline stifles.

Objectives: There is a lack of literature regarding the surgical management of high-grade patellar luxation in cats. Among the available options, corrective osteotomies are suitable for correcting severe bone deformities. Therefore, this study aimed to report on the surgical management of grade IV medial patellar luxation (MPL) through tibial corrective osteotomies in two cats.

China officinalis as Possible Homeopathic Prophylaxis for the Brazilian Dengue Epidemic.

Dengue, a hyperendemic arbovirus thriving in tropical and sub-tropical climates globally, has seen a significant surge in Brazil over the past 5 years. Presently, the country faces an epidemic, posing a huge challenge to Public Health authorities due to the potentially lethal nature of severe infections. Based on Hahnemannian concepts and on the historically reported efficacy of homeopathy in fighting epidemics, this study aimed to provide supporting evidence for a homeopathic genus epidemicus approach to prevent severe forms of dengue.

Muscle tissue transcriptome of F1 Angus-Nellore bulls and steers feedlot finished: impacts on intramuscular fat deposition.

Background: Castration is a common practice in beef cattle production systems to manage breeding and enhance meat quality by promoting intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, known as marbling. However, the molecular mechanisms that are influenced by castration in beef cattle are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolic pathways that regulate IMF deposition in crossbred cattle by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of skeletal muscle tissue.

Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in dogs with chronic kidney disease in uremic syndrome undergoing intermittent hemodialysis with and without bypass.

Intermittent hemodialysis (IH) is an important therapy in the context of kidney dysfunction in dogs. However, its impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines is unclear. This study assessed IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α serum concentrations in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing one session of IH without bypass (IH group,  = 4) and with bypass (IH + bypass group,  = 4).

Does Ovariectomy Affect the Mechanics of the Mandibular Alveolar Bone Structure of Wistar Rats Subjected to Tooth Loss and Modified Diet?-A FEA Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical effect of ovariectomy, diet, and tooth extraction on the bone structure of the mandible of Wistar rats. Mandibles from 40 female Wistar rats were used, divided into rats with ovariectomy surgery or surgical simulation. Half of the rats had the right upper incisor extracted and a soft diet was introduced for half of the animals for 30 days.