Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Maternal Hypoxia and Placental Ischemia on HIF1-Dependent Metabolism and the Glucocorticoid System in the Embryonic and Newborn Rat Brain.

Prenatal hypoxia, often accompanied by maternal glucocorticoid stress, can predispose offspring to neurological disorders in adulthood. If placental ischemia (PI) primarily reduces fetal oxygen supply, the maternal hypoxia (MH) model also elicits a pronounced fetal glucocorticoid exposure. Here, we compared MH and PI in rats to distinguish their unique and overlapping effects on embryonic and newborn brain development.

Noninvasive Electrical Modalities to Alleviate Respiratory Deficits Following Spinal Cord Injury.

(1) Background: Respiratory dysfunction is a debilitating consequence of cervical and thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI), resulting from the loss of cortico-spinal drive to respiratory motor networks. This impairment affects both central and peripheral nervous systems, disrupting motor control and muscle innervation, which is essential for effective breathing. These deficits significantly impact the health and quality of life of individuals with SCI.

BETA CELL DYSFUNCTION OCCURS INDEPENDENTLY OF INSULITIS IN TYPE 1 DIABETES PATHOGENESIS.

During type 1 diabetes (T1D) progression, beta cells become dysfunctional and exhibit reduced first-phase insulin release. While this period of beta cell dysfunction is well established, its cause and underlying mechanism remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, live human pancreas tissue slices were prepared from autoantibody-negative organ donors without diabetes (ND), donors positive for one or more islet autoantibodies (AAb+), and donors with T1D within 0-4 years of diagnosis (T1D+).

Phytochemical characterization and anti-arthritic potential of green-synthesized CuO nanoparticles derived from the root extract.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that mainly causes joint damage. The patient experiences loss of appetite, pain, fever, and fatigue. The present study was designed to phytochemically characterize and evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of green-synthesized copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) using the hydroalcoholic extract of roots in an adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model.

Ultrastructural Remodeling of Cardiomyocytes in Postinfarction Myocardium of Rats in the Late Stages of the Disease.

Identifying factors that contribute to the transition to the dilated phase in cardiac ischemia is a critical challenge in heart failure treatment. Currently, no effective therapies exist for this ischemic complication, and the mechanisms driving left ventricular dilatation during chronic post-infarction remodeling remain poorly understood. One potential pathological process leading to ventricular dilatation involves specific compensatory rearrangements in the border zone adjacent to the infarct, which isolates the intact myocardium from inflammation at the scar edge.

The association between melatonin-containing food consumption and sleep/meal timing and behavior in children with language difficulties.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep characteristics, circadian rhythms, behavior, and postnatal development of children with and without language difficulties (LDs) and the association of these variables with melatonin-containing food (FMT) consumption. The study involved parents who anonymously and voluntarily provided their children's personal data and assessed LDs, bedtime, meal timing, behavioral problems, gross motor skill development, and FMT consumption. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the associations between study variables.

Sequestration process and mechanism of U(VI) on montmorillonite-aspergillus niger composite.

The existence state and spatiotemporal evolution process of uranium in mineral-microbe complex systems are important factors that constrain its ecotoxicity. This study investigated the sequestration of U(VI) by montmorillonite-Aspergillus niger (MTA) composite using bioassay and spectroscopies approaches. The results demonstrate that the sequestration process and mechanism of U(VI) on MTA differ substantially from those of individual components.

Large language models surpass human experts in predicting neuroscience results.

Scientific discoveries often hinge on synthesizing decades of research, a task that potentially outstrips human information processing capacities. Large language models (LLMs) offer a solution. LLMs trained on the vast scientific literature could potentially integrate noisy yet interrelated findings to forecast novel results better than human experts.

Spinal Neuromodulation for Respiratory Rehabilitation in Patients with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome.

(1) Background: Neurological deficits associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) exacerbate respiratory dysfunction, necessitating rehabilitation strategies that address both. Previous studies have demonstrated that spinal cord transcutaneous stimulation (scTS) can facilitate the excitation of respiratory spinal neural networks in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. This study evaluates the efficacy of combining scTS with respiratory training (RT) to improve respiratory function in individuals with post-COVID-19 pulmonary deficits; (2) Methods: In this before-after, case-controlled clinical trial, five individuals with post-acute COVID-19 respiratory deficits participated in two interventional programs: 10 daily sessions of respiratory training (RT), followed by 10 daily sessions of scTS combined with RT (scTS + RT).

The Otoacoustic Emissions in the Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening: An Update on the European Data (2004 to 2024).

The reported data on European universal neonatal hearing screening (UNHS) practices tend to be scarce, despite the fact that the European Union project, EUScreen, collected unofficial data from 38 collaborating European institutions. The objectives of this systematic review were as follows: (a) to identify the most recent (in a 20-year span) literature information about UNHS programs in Europe and (b) to provide data on the procedures used to assess the population, the intervention policies, and on the estimated prevalence of congenital hearing loss with emphasis on the bilateral hearing loss cases. Queries were conducted via the Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for the time period of 2004-2024.

Serum Transcobalamin Concentration in Cats-Method Validation and Evaluation in Chronic Enteropathies and Other Conditions.

Hypocobalaminemia is common in cats with chronic enteropathy (FCE). However, the disruptions in cobalamin metabolism are not fully understood and may vary across species. Cobalamin is distributed to target tissues via binding to transcobalamin (TC) in blood, which has not been evaluated in cats.

RNA-Binding Protein Hnrnpa1 Triggers Daughter Cardiomyocyte Formation by Promoting Cardiomyocyte Dedifferentiation and Cell Cycle Activity in a Post-Transcriptional Manner.

Stimulating cardiomyocyte (CM) dedifferentiation and cell cycle activity (DACCA) is essential for triggering daughter CM formation. In addition to transcriptional processes, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging as crucial post-transcriptional players in regulating CM DACCA. However, whether post-transcriptional regulation of CM DACCA by RBPs could effectively trigger daughter CM formation remains unknown.

Benchmarking Cross-Docking Strategies in Kinase Drug Discovery.

In recent years, machine learning has transformed many aspects of the drug discovery process, including small molecule design, for which the prediction of bioactivity is an integral part. Leveraging structural information about the interactions between a small molecule and its protein target has great potential for downstream machine learning scoring approaches but is fundamentally limited by the accuracy with which protein-ligand complex structures can be predicted in a reliable and automated fashion. With the goal of finding practical approaches to generating useful kinase-inhibitor complex geometries for downstream machine learning scoring approaches, we present a kinase-centric docking benchmark assessing the performance of different classes of docking and pose selection strategies to assess how well experimentally observed binding modes are recapitulated in a realistic cross-docking scenario.

[Using of the film therapy in psychocorrective work with the elderly.].

The article discusses the possibilities of using film therapy in working with elderly and senile people. The methodology of film therapy in individual and group form, categories of films that can be viewed with clients are discussed, examples with annotations of 21 films are given. The paper presents the results of the use of film therapy in the course of individual and group work with the elderly.

Neuropeptide FF prevented histamine- or chloroquine-induced acute itch behavior through non-NPFF receptors mechanism in male mice.

The neuropeptide FF (NPFF) system regulates various physiological and pharmacological functions, particularly pain modulation. However, the modulatory effect of NPFF system on itch remains unclear. To investigate the modulatory effect and functional mechanism induced by NPFF system on acute itch, we examined the effects of supraspinal administration of NPFF and related peptides on acute itch induced by intradermal (i.

Early Radiation-Induced Changes in Lung Tissue and Intercellular Junctions: Implications for Tissue Repair and Fibrosis.

Early changes in lung tissue following ionizing radiation (IR) initiate processes that may lead to either regeneration or fibrosis. Intercellular junction proteins play a crucial role in the organization and function of epithelial tissues, both under normal conditions and after injuries. Alterations in the expression and localization of these proteins can influence the fate of epithelial cells.