Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Dibenzothiophene-Desulfurizing Strains.

A number of actinobacteria of the genus are able to use dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives as the only source of sulfur, which makes them promising agents for the process of oil biodesulfurization. Actinobacteria assimilate sulfur from condensed thiophenes without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds, using the 4S pathway encoded by the dszABC operon-like structure. The genome of the new dibenzothiophene-degrading hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacterial strain 6-1 was completely sequenced and the genes potentially involved in the pathways of DBT desulfurization, oxidation of alkanes and aromatic compounds, as well as in the osmoprotectant metabolism in strain 6-1 and other members of the genus , were analyzed.

Prophage-Derived Regions in Genomes: Good Things, Small Packages.

is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria within the order . Some species (, ) are harmful pathogens of agricultural crops such as soybean, dry beans, peas, sugar beet and beetroot, which occur throughout the world. Bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) are considered to be potential curative agents to control the spread of harmful bacteria.

Loss of a Branch Sugar in the Acinetobacter baumannii K3-Type Capsular Polysaccharide Due To Frameshifts in the Glycosyltransferase Gene Leads To Susceptibility To Phage APK37.1.

The type of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) on the cell surface of Acinetobacter baumannii can determine the specificity of lytic bacteriophage under consideration for therapeutic use. Here, we report the isolation of a phage on an extensively antibiotic resistant ST2 A. baumannii isolate AB5001 that carries the KL3 CPS biosynthesis gene cluster predicting a K3-type CPS.

Yersinia pestis Surface Antigens in Reception of Specific Bacteriophages.

The significance of Yersinia pestis surface antigens in adhesiveness to specific bacteriophages has been studied with the use of two methodological approaches. It was shown that Ail protein immobilized on the surface of polystyrene microspheres (but not in the solution), can bind both the Pokrovskaya phage and pseudotuberculous diagnostic phage. YapF autotransporter interacted with both phages in a water-soluble form, but YapF bound to polystyrene microspheres interacted only with the Pokrovskaya phage.

Electrospun Polycaprolactone/ZnO Nanocomposite Membranes with High Antipathogen Activity.

The spread of bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases by airborne aerosol flows poses a serious threat to human health, so the development of highly effective antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral filters to protect the respiratory system is in great demand. In this study, we developed ZnO-modified polycaprolactone nanofibers (PCL-ZnO) by treating the nanofiber surface with plasma in a gaseous mixture of Ar/CO/CH followed by the deposition of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The structure and chemical composition of the composite fibers were characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and XPS methods.

Methods of Identifying Strains in Clinical Samples.

spp. are members of the family in the suborder ; their habitat, in most cases, is soil. Many representatives of this genus are human or veterinary pathogens.

Rapid Detection of Lipopolysaccharide and Whole Cells of Based on Agglutination of Antibody-Coated Gold Nanoparticles and Colorimetric Registration.

The paper presents development and characterization of a new bioanalytical test system for rapid detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and whole cells of , a causative agent of tularemia, in water samples. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) coated by the obtained anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies were used for the assay. Their contact with antigen in tested samples leads to aggregation with a shift of absorption spectra from red to blue.

Antibacterial, UV-Protective, Hydrophobic, Washable, and Heat-Resistant BN-Based Nanoparticle-Coated Textile Fabrics: Experimental and Theoretical Insight.

The use of nanoparticles (NPs) to modify the surface of cotton fabric is a promising approach to endowing the material with a set of desirable characteristics that can significantly expand the functionality, wear comfort, and service life of textile products. Herein, two approaches to modifying the surface of hexagonal boron nitride (-BN) NPs with a hollow core and a smooth surface by treatment with maleic anhydride (MA) and diethylene triamine (DETA) were studied. The DETA and MA absorption on the surface of -BN and the interaction of surface-modified -NPs with cellulose as the main component of cotton were modeled using density functional theory with the extended Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof functional.

Complete chemical structure of the K135 capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii RES-546 that contains 5,7-di-N-acetyl-8-epipseudaminic acid.

A structurally diverse capsular polysaccharide (CPS) in the outer cell envelope plays an important role in the virulence of the important bacterial pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii. More than 75 different CPS structures have been determined for the species to date, and many CPSs include isomers of a higher sugar, namely 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxynon-2-ulosonic acid. Recently, a novel isomer having the d-glycero-l-manno configuration (5,7-di-N-acetyl-8-epipseudaminic acid; 8ePse5Ac7Ac) has been identified in the CPS from A.

Pseudomonas veronii strain 7-41 degrading medium-chain n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Pollution of the environment by crude oil and oil products (represented by various types of compounds, mainly aliphatic, mono- and polyaromatic hydrocarbons) poses a global problem. The strain Pseudomonas veronii 7-41 can grow on medium-chain n-alkanes (C-C) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene. We performed a genetic analysis and physiological/biochemical characterization of strain 7-41 cultivated in a mineral medium with decane, naphthalene or a mixture of the hydrocarbons.

Genomic Analysis of a Hybrid Enteroaggregative Hemorrhagic O181:H4 Strain Causing Colitis with Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome.

Hybrid diarrheagenic strains combining genetic markers belonging to different pathotypes have emerged worldwide and have been reported as a public health concern. The most well-known hybrid strain of enteroaggregative hemorrhagic is O104:H4 strain, which was an agent of a serious outbreak of acute gastroenteritis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in Germany in 2011. A case of intestinal infection with HUS in St.

Comparison of the therapeutic potential of bacteriophage KpV74 and phage-derived depolymerase (β-glucosidase) against Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular type K2.

Bacteriophages and phage polysaccharide-degrading enzymes (depolymerases) are garnering attention as possible alternatives to antibiotics. Here, we describe the antimicrobial properties of bacteriophage KpV74 and phage depolymerase Dep_kpv74 specific to the hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae of the K2 capsular type. The depolymerase Dep_kpv74 was identified as a specific glucosidase that cleaved the K2 type capsular polysaccharides of the K.

Standardness of antimicrobial discs by various manufacturers in the light of import substitution.

In connection with the introduction of economic sanctions against the Russian Federation by the United States, the European Union, Japan, and a number of other countries, import substitution is becoming one of the strategic objectives of the Russian economy The comparative assessment of standardness and effectiveness of six antimicrobial commercial producer-varying disks for clinical and test strains of microorganisms has been conducted. It is based on analyzing of the variation coefficient (Cv) of inhibition zone diameters, mean values, and diameter values ranges, which are indicators of reproducibility, accuracy and efficiency, respectively. Discs from BD BBL result in insignificant variations of inhibition zone diameters, providing accurate and reproducible data.

Plasmids Carrying Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Gram-negative bacteria are prevalent pathogens associated with hospital-acquired infections (HAI) that are a major challenge for patient safety, especially in intensive care units [...

Novel β-Hairpin Peptide from Marine Polychaeta with a High Efficacy against Gram-Negative Pathogens.

In recent years, new antibiotics targeting multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria have become urgently needed. Therefore, antimicrobial peptides are considered to be a novel perspective class of antibacterial agents. In this study, a panel of novel BRICHOS-related β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides were identified in transcriptomes of marine polychaeta species.

Rectal and Tracheal Carriage of Carbapenemase Genes and Class 1 and 2 Integrons in Patients in Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit.

The spread of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, which is associated with the distribution of beta-lactamase genes and class 1 and 2 integrons, is a global problem. In this study, in the Moscow neurosurgery intensive care unit (neuro-ICU), the high prevalence of the above-stated genes was found to be associated with intestinal and tracheal carriage. Seven-point prevalence surveys, which included 60 patients in the neuro-ICU, were conducted weekly in the period from Oct.

The K89 capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5552 consists of a pentameric repeat-unit that includes a 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose residue.

Acinetobacter baumannii isolate LUH5552 carries the KL89 capsule biosynthesis gene cluster. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) isolated from LUH5552 was analyzed by sugar analysis, Smith degradation, and one- and two-dimensional H and C NMR spectroscopy. The K89 CPS structure has not been seen before in A.

Isolation and identification of listeria in clinical material.

Results from research on isolation, identification, and study of biological properties of L. monocytogenes clinical isolates and Listeria spp test strains are presented. Peculiarities of modern research methods for indicating and identifying pathogenic listeria to improve the quality of laboratory studies of clinical material are studied.

Complete Genome Analysis of S8 Capable of Degrading Alkanes and Producing Biosurfactant Reveals Its Genetic Adaptation for Crude Oil Decomposition.

Microorganisms capable of decomposing hydrophobic substrates in cold climates are of considerable interest both in terms of studying adaptive reactions to low temperatures and in terms of their application in biotechnologies for cleaning up oil spills in a crude-oil polluted soil. The aim of this work was to investigate the genome of S8 and explore behavior traits of this strain grown in the presence of hexadecane. The genome size of strain S8 is 8.

Some Peculiarities of Anthrax Epidemiology in Herbivorous and Carnivorous Animals.

Anthrax is an especially dangerous zooanthroponosis caused by the Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium . A notable feature of this disease is the difference in susceptibility to it among different groups of animals. Anthrax primarily affects herbivorous ungulate mammals; they are easily infected, and their disease often leads to rapid, even sudden, death.

Phage-mimicking nanoagents for rapid depolymerase specificity screening against multidrug resistant bacteria.

With the rise of drug resistance, bacteriophages and bacteriophage-derived proteins may become an efficient successor to traditional antibiotics. While the enormous natural diversity of the phages allows matching virtually any bacteria, identification of the potentially life-saving phage is currently a tedious and time-consuming challenge that often cannot be performed within a reasonable time. Here we show a rapid 1-min bacteriophage screening assay based on specially constructed phage-mimicking nanoagents and surface plasmon resonance effect.

Physiological and biochemical characterization and genome analysis of strain 7B capable of crude oil degradation and plant stimulation.

Rhodococci are typical soil inhabitants which take part in remediation of soil polluted with hydrocarbons. In this paper, we describe a new strain, 7B, which is capable of growth and hydrocarbon degradation at 45°C and in the presence of up to 10% NaCl in the medium. The genome of the 7B strain consists of a 6,278,280 bp chromosome and two plasmids.

Microbiological Evaluation of Novel Bis-Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Clinical Strains, Biofilms, and Resistance Study.

This work is devoted to the investigation of biocidal properties of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) based on pyridine structures with aromatic spacers, and their widely known analogs, against clinically significant microorganisms. This study is focused on investigating their antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs)), antibiofilm properties (minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs)), synergetic effect with different alcohols in antiseptic formulations, and bacterial resistance development. It was shown that all combined analogue preparations had a higher level of antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains, with a 16- to 32-fold reduction in MICs and MBCs compared to previously used antiseptic preparations.