Social Determinants of Sepsis Mortality in the United States: A Retrospective, Epidemiologic Analysis.

Objective: To determine whether neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDoH) influence mortality following sepsis in the United States.

Study Setting And Design: Retrospective analysis of data from 4.4 million hospitalized patients diagnosed with sepsis, identified using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes, across the United States.

Prevalence of Disordered Eating Behaviors Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Varies at the Intersection of Gender Identity and Race/Ethnicity.

Objective: Prior work has documented inequities in disordered eating behavior (DEB) prevalence across gender identity, race, and ethnicity, yet has often ignored the fact that individuals belong to multiple social groups simultaneously. The present study assessed DEB inequities at the intersection of gender identity and race/ethnicity.

Method: The sample included n = 10,287 adolescents (68% gender-diverse, 33% belonging to marginalized racial/ethnic groups).

The incremental validity of level of personality functioning over borderline personality features in associations with early adolescent social reward processing.

More work is needed to establish the validity of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Acceptance of the AMPD as the primary model of personality disorder requires identifying neurocognitive validators of AMPD-defined personality functioning and demonstrating superiority of the AMPD over the traditional categorical model of personality disorder. It is also important to establish the utility of the AMPD in a developmental context given evidence that personality disorder emerges in adolescence.

Evolution of the iodine cycle and the late stabilization of the Earth's ozone layer.

The origin of complex life and the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems are fundamental aspects of the natural history on Earth. Here, we present evidence for a protracted stabilization of the Earth's ozone layer. The destruction of atmospheric ozone today is inherently linked to the cycling of marine and atmospheric iodine.

The Developmental Origins of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework contends that chronic diseases are attributable to behavioral and environmental risks encountered during vital periods of fetal and childhood development. Clinical research investigating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) largely focuses on adult risk factors, with emerging evidence of epigenetic contributions. Limited work considers potential childhood exposures.

Mindfulness in the Medical Learning Environment: An Opportunity for the Struggling Learner?

Unlabelled: Mindfulness is defined as nonjudgmentally and purposefully paying attention in the present moment. Mindfulness may be a valuable tool in the remediation armamentarium, useful in bringing attention to an individual's struggles. However, such application has largely been unexplored.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sublingual Immunotherapy Prescriptions for Allergic Rhinitis in the United States.

Black patients with allergic rhinitis are under-prescribed sublingual immunotherapy tablets. Barriers to sublingual immunotherapy need to be explored and mitigated to ensure equitable access.

Electrochemical Self-Sacrificial Label Conversion Coupled with DNA Framework Nanomachine Mediated Serotonin Sensing with Highly Minimized Background Noise.

Conventional solid/liquid electrochemical interfaces typically encounter challenges with impeded mass transport for poor electrochemical quantification due to the intricate pathways of reactants from the bulk solution. To address this issue, this work reports an innovative approach integrating a target-activated DNA framework nanomachine with electrochemically driven metal-organic framework (MOF) conversion for self-sacrificial biosensing. The presence of the target biomarker serotonin initiates the DNA framework nanomachine by an entropy-driven circuit to form a cross-linked nanostructure and subsequently release the Fe-MOF probe.

Associations of Pesticide Residue Exposure from Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Ovarian Reserve.

Background: We previously reported that the intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) known to have high-pesticide contamination in the United States food supply is related to lower sperm counts. Whether the same is true for ovarian reserve is unknown.

Objective: We evaluated the relation between FV intake, overall and when taking into consideration pesticide residue status, with the markers of ovarian reserve among reproductive-aged females.

Assessing Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) Clinicians' Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes toward Anorexia Nervosa, Atypical Anorexia Nervosa, and Amenorrhea.

Study Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) are eating disorders (EDs) characterized by extreme restriction of energy intake. However, in contrast to AN, those with AAN are not underweight. Although individuals with either AN or AAN can experience associated functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) that may prompt them to seek gynecological care, little is known about OBGYNs' knowledge and approach to these patients; this study sought to fill this gap.

Adaptive Measurement of Change in the Context of Item Parameter Drift.

Adaptive measurement of change (AMC) uses computerized adaptive testing (CAT) to measure and test the significance of intraindividual change on one or more latent traits. The extant AMC research has so far assumed that item parameter values are constant across testing occasions. Yet item parameters might change over time, a phenomenon termed item parameter drift (IPD).

Natural History of Symptoms in Patients With Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction Using Standardized Surveys.

Background Our aim was to assess the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with a manometric diagnosis of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) using standardized symptom surveys and comparison to a cohort who were referred for manometry but who had a normal study. Methods We followed a cohort of adult patients without a mechanical obstruction who underwent high-resolution manometry at our medical center from 9/12/19 to 10/4/21 for 16 months. Results Thirty-seven patients with EGJOO (age: 60.

Factorial Design of Experiment Method to Characterize Bioprinting Process Parameters to Obtain the Targeted Scaffold Porosity.

Due to its inbuilt ability to release biocompatible materials encapsulating living cells in a predefined location, 3D bioprinting is a promising technique for regenerating patient-specific tissues and organs. Among various 3D bioprinting techniques, extrusion-based 3D bioprinting ensures a higher percentage of cell release, ensuring suitable external and internal scaffold architectures. Scaffold architecture is mainly defined by filament geometry and width.

Using Data-Science Approaches to Unravel Insights for Enhanced Transport of Lithium Ions in Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes.

Solid polymer electrolytes have yet to achieve the desired ionic conductivity (>1 mS/cm) near room temperature required for many applications. This target implies the need to reduce the effective energy barriers for ion transport in polymer electrolytes to around 20 kJ/mol. In this work, we combine information extracted from existing experimental results with theoretical calculations to provide insights into ion transport in single-ion conductors (SICs) with a focus on lithium ion SICs.

Investigating associations between the physical living environment and hippocampus in adulthood and older age.

It is by now well known that the physical living environment has a major impact on people's life, but the neural structures involved in this relationship remain to be explored. Most studies investigating this relationship only focus on single environmental predictors. In order to understand how the multitude of factors constituting the living environment relate to brain structure we used data from the UK Biobank (n = 21,094; age Mean = 63.

Inactivation of the SLC25A1 gene during embryogenesis induces a unique senescence program controlled by p53.

Germline inactivating mutations of the SLC25A1 gene contribute to various human disorders, including Velocardiofacial (VCFS), DiGeorge (DGS) syndromes and combined D/L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D/L-2HGA), a severe systemic disease characterized by the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG). The mechanisms by which SLC25A1 loss leads to these syndromes remain largely unclear. Here, we describe a mouse model of SLC25A1 deficiency that mimics human VCFS/DGS and D/L-2HGA.

Prognostic Impact of Primary Tumor Size in Thymic Epithelial Tumor: An NCDB-Based Study.

Background: Thymic epithelial tumor (TET) staging has been based on Masaoka-Koga systems or the 8th edition of the TNM classification, which do not use tumor size as a T descriptor. The 9th edition of the TNM classification incorporates tumor size; however, the study on which this classification is based included only 4.4% of patients from North America.

Deployment to bases with open burn pits and mortality of US Military Veterans.

Introduction: Five million US Veterans had possible exposure to open burn pits used for waste disposal through service in Iraq (2003-2011) and Afghanistan (2001-2014). Burn pits generate toxic exposures that may be associated with adverse health outcomes. We examined all-cause and cause-specific mortality in relation to deployment to bases with open burn pits.

Shared Decision-Making in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: Understanding Surgeon and Patient Perspectives Regarding When It Is Time for Surgery.

Background: Although total hip and total knee arthroplasty are highly successful operations, the decision of whether and when to undergo surgery is highly subjective and discretionary, and specific guidelines regarding readiness for surgery remain elusive. The nature of these decisions underscores the importance of shared decision-making, which is founded on the concept that patients substantially contribute to determining their own readiness for surgery. The OPTION survey was developed as a conversation aid to facilitate shared decision-making in the context of total joint arthroplasty.

Impact of SCN10A Polymorphism on Abdominal Pain Perception and Visceral Hypoalgesia in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Introduction: Hypoalgesic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may provide critical insights into human abdominal pain. This condition was previously associated with homozygosity for a polymorphism (rs6795970, A1073V; 1073 val/val ) related to Na v 1.8, a voltage-gated sodium channel preferentially expressed on nociceptors.

Gauss Newton Method for Solving Variational Problems of PDEs with Neural Network Discretizaitons.

The numerical solution of differential equations using machine learning-based approaches has gained significant popularity. Neural network-based discretization has emerged as a powerful tool for solving differential equations by parameterizing a set of functions. Various approaches, such as the deep Ritz method and physics-informed neural networks, have been developed for numerical solutions.