HCMV infection downregulates GPX4 and stimulates lipid peroxidation but does not induce ferroptosis.

Unlabelled: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) modulates numerous cellular pathways to facilitate infection, including key components in cellular iron homeostasis. Iron is essential to many cellular processes but, if present in excess, drives cell death through ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a process that is dependent upon the accumulation of oxidatively damaged phospholipids (lipid peroxides); when these lipid peroxides accumulate in membranes, this culminates in plasma membrane rupture and eventual cell lysis.

Long-Range Metal-Sorbent Interactions Determine CO Capture and Conversion in Dual-Function Materials.

Carbon capture and utilization involve multiple energy- and cost-intensive steps. Dual-function materials (DFMs) can reduce these demands by coupling CO adsorption and conversion into a single material with two functionalities: a sorbent phase and a metal for catalytic CO conversion. The role of metal catalysts in the conversion process seems salient from previous work, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive and deserve deeper investigation to achieve maximum utilization of the two phases.

Effectiveness of Bobath Therapy vs. Conventional Medical Gymnastics in Psycho-Social and Cognitive Status Improvement in Children with Mild Neurodevelopmental Delay: A Randomized Double-Blinded Prospective Cohort Study.

The main objective of this research was to compare the Bobath concept and conventional medical gymnastics in psycho-social and cognitive habilitation of infants with mild neurodevelopmental delay, and determine whether there is a difference in their effectiveness. The study included 100 children up to 3 months of age who were diagnosed with a mild neuromotor disorder based on clinical examination, the Münich Functional Developmental Diagnostic Test for the first year of life, and the Ages and Stages questionnaire. The respondents were randomized into two groups, habilitated according to the Bobath concept or conventional medical gymnastics.

The Role of Radiotherapy to the Primary Site in Oropharyngeal Cancer with Limited Metastases-An Analysis of a Hospital-Based Registry.

Limited metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (OPC) lacks clear management guidelines, especially for HPV-associated disease. The objective of this study was to investigate if primary site radiotherapy (RT) benefits overall survival in limited metastatic OPC. Utilizing the National Cancer Database (NCDB), patients aged 18-90 with OPC presenting as cM1 with limited metastatic disease to one distant site were identified.

Repairing the Nasal Valve in Revision Surgery.

Nasal airway obstruction is a frequent complaint in an otolaryngology clinic and is often multifactorial. Anatomic contributors may include a nasal septal deviation, inferior turbinate hypertrophy, and nasal valve compromise. Septoplasty and inferior turbinate reduction are one of the most common procedures performed by an otolaryngologist.

E-cigarette, tobacco, and cannabis vaping among diverse sexual and gender identities in U.S. high school students.

Objectives: This study investigated the associations between diverse sexual and gender identities and adolescent use of e-cigarettes, tobacco products, and cannabis vaping.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of high school students in 2023.

The CD4 T cell-independent IgG response during persistent virus infection favors emergence of neutralization-escape variants.

How changes in the quality of anti-viral antibody (Ab) responses due to pre-existing or acquired CD4 T cell insufficiency affect virus evolution during persistent infection are unknown. Using mouse polyomavirus (MuPyV), we found that CD4 T cell depletion before infection results in short-lived plasma cells secreting low-avidity antiviral IgG with limited BCR diversity and weak virus-neutralizing ability. CD4 T cell deficiency during persistent infection incurs a shift from a T-dependent (TD) to T-independent (TI) Ab response, resembling the pre-existing TI Ab response.

Social Determinants of Sepsis Mortality in the United States: A Retrospective, Epidemiologic Analysis.

Objective: To determine whether neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDoH) influence mortality following sepsis in the United States.

Study Setting And Design: Retrospective analysis of data from 4.4 million hospitalized patients diagnosed with sepsis, identified using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes, across the United States.

Prevalence of Disordered Eating Behaviors Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Varies at the Intersection of Gender Identity and Race/Ethnicity.

Objective: Prior work has documented inequities in disordered eating behavior (DEB) prevalence across gender identity, race, and ethnicity, yet has often ignored the fact that individuals belong to multiple social groups simultaneously. The present study assessed DEB inequities at the intersection of gender identity and race/ethnicity.

Method: The sample included n = 10,287 adolescents (68% gender-diverse, 33% belonging to marginalized racial/ethnic groups).

The incremental validity of level of personality functioning over borderline personality features in associations with early adolescent social reward processing.

More work is needed to establish the validity of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Acceptance of the AMPD as the primary model of personality disorder requires identifying neurocognitive validators of AMPD-defined personality functioning and demonstrating superiority of the AMPD over the traditional categorical model of personality disorder. It is also important to establish the utility of the AMPD in a developmental context given evidence that personality disorder emerges in adolescence.

Evolution of the iodine cycle and the late stabilization of the Earth's ozone layer.

The origin of complex life and the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems are fundamental aspects of the natural history on Earth. Here, we present evidence for a protracted stabilization of the Earth's ozone layer. The destruction of atmospheric ozone today is inherently linked to the cycling of marine and atmospheric iodine.

The Developmental Origins of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework contends that chronic diseases are attributable to behavioral and environmental risks encountered during vital periods of fetal and childhood development. Clinical research investigating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) largely focuses on adult risk factors, with emerging evidence of epigenetic contributions. Limited work considers potential childhood exposures.

Mindfulness in the Medical Learning Environment: An Opportunity for the Struggling Learner?

Unlabelled: Mindfulness is defined as nonjudgmentally and purposefully paying attention in the present moment. Mindfulness may be a valuable tool in the remediation armamentarium, useful in bringing attention to an individual's struggles. However, such application has largely been unexplored.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sublingual Immunotherapy Prescriptions for Allergic Rhinitis in the United States.

Black patients with allergic rhinitis are under-prescribed sublingual immunotherapy tablets. Barriers to sublingual immunotherapy need to be explored and mitigated to ensure equitable access.

Electrochemical Self-Sacrificial Label Conversion Coupled with DNA Framework Nanomachine Mediated Serotonin Sensing with Highly Minimized Background Noise.

Conventional solid/liquid electrochemical interfaces typically encounter challenges with impeded mass transport for poor electrochemical quantification due to the intricate pathways of reactants from the bulk solution. To address this issue, this work reports an innovative approach integrating a target-activated DNA framework nanomachine with electrochemically driven metal-organic framework (MOF) conversion for self-sacrificial biosensing. The presence of the target biomarker serotonin initiates the DNA framework nanomachine by an entropy-driven circuit to form a cross-linked nanostructure and subsequently release the Fe-MOF probe.

Associations of pesticide residue exposure from fruit and vegetable intake with ovarian reserve.

Background: We previously reported that the intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) known to have high pesticide contamination in the US food supply is related to lower sperm counts. Whether the same is true for ovarian reserve is unknown.

Methods: Participants were 633 females, 21-45 years, presenting to an academic fertility center.

Assessing Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) Clinicians' Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes toward Anorexia Nervosa, Atypical Anorexia Nervosa, and Amenorrhea.

Study Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) are eating disorders (EDs) characterized by extreme restriction of energy intake. However, in contrast to AN, those with AAN are not underweight. Although individuals with either AN or AAN can experience associated functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) that may prompt them to seek gynecological care, little is known about OBGYNs' knowledge and approach to these patients; this study sought to fill this gap.

Adaptive Measurement of Change in the Context of Item Parameter Drift.

Adaptive measurement of change (AMC) uses computerized adaptive testing (CAT) to measure and test the significance of intraindividual change on one or more latent traits. The extant AMC research has so far assumed that item parameter values are constant across testing occasions. Yet item parameters might change over time, a phenomenon termed item parameter drift (IPD).

Natural History of Symptoms in Patients With Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction Using Standardized Surveys.

Background Our aim was to assess the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with a manometric diagnosis of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) using standardized symptom surveys and comparison to a cohort who were referred for manometry but who had a normal study. Methods We followed a cohort of adult patients without a mechanical obstruction who underwent high-resolution manometry at our medical center from 9/12/19 to 10/4/21 for 16 months. Results Thirty-seven patients with EGJOO (age: 60.

Factorial Design of Experiment Method to Characterize Bioprinting Process Parameters to Obtain the Targeted Scaffold Porosity.

Due to its inbuilt ability to release biocompatible materials encapsulating living cells in a predefined location, 3D bioprinting is a promising technique for regenerating patient-specific tissues and organs. Among various 3D bioprinting techniques, extrusion-based 3D bioprinting ensures a higher percentage of cell release, ensuring suitable external and internal scaffold architectures. Scaffold architecture is mainly defined by filament geometry and width.

Using Data-Science Approaches to Unravel Insights for Enhanced Transport of Lithium Ions in Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes.

Solid polymer electrolytes have yet to achieve the desired ionic conductivity (>1 mS/cm) near room temperature required for many applications. This target implies the need to reduce the effective energy barriers for ion transport in polymer electrolytes to around 20 kJ/mol. In this work, we combine information extracted from existing experimental results with theoretical calculations to provide insights into ion transport in single-ion conductors (SICs) with a focus on lithium ion SICs.

Investigating associations between the physical living environment and hippocampus in adulthood and older age.

It is by now well known that the physical living environment has a major impact on people's life, but the neural structures involved in this relationship remain to be explored. Most studies investigating this relationship only focus on single environmental predictors. In order to understand how the multitude of factors constituting the living environment relate to brain structure we used data from the UK Biobank (n = 21,094; age Mean = 63.