Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Prespecified Analysis of the FINEARTS-HF Trial.

Background: The effects of treatments for heart failure (HF) may vary among patients according to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In FINEARTS-HF (Finerenone Trial to Investigate Efficacy and Safety Superior to Placebo in Patients With Heart Failure), the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone reduced the risk of cardiovascular death and total worsening HF events in patients with HF with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. We examined the effect of finerenone according to LVEF in FINEARTS-HF.

What do women want to see in a personalized breast cancer risk report? A qualitative study of Asian women of two countries.

A breast cancer risk assessment tool for Asian populations, incorporating Polygenic Risk Score and Gail Model algorithm, has been established and validated. However, effective methods for delivering personalized risk information remain underexplored. This study aims to identify and develop effective methods for conveying breast cancer risk information to Asian women.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals anti-tumor potency of CD56 NK cells and CD8 T cells in humanized mice via PD-1 and TIGIT co-targeting.

In solid tumors, the exhaustion of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment poses challenges for effective tumor control. Conventional humanized mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived xenografts (HCC-PDX) encounter limitations in NK cell infiltration, hindering studies on NK cell immunobiology. Here, we introduce an improved humanized mouse model with restored NK cell reconstitution and infiltration in HCC-PDX, coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to identify potential anti-HCC treatments.

Toddler disorganized attachment in relation to cortical thickness and socioemotional problems in late childhood.

Disorganized attachment is a risk for mental health problems, with increasing work focused on understanding biological mechanisms. Examining late childhood brain morphology may be informative - this stage coincides with the onset of many mental health problems. Past late childhood research reveals promising candidates, including frontal lobe cortical thickness and hippocampal volume.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to AIDS amongst transgender women in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Transgender women (TGWs) constitute one of the key populations for HIV prevention and control and constitute a high-risk group due to a lack of health services. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) related to HIV and knowledge access and needs amongst transgender women in Chongqing, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 to March 2023.

A comparison of conventional 3.0-Tesla nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic findings of the anteroinferior capsulolabral complex in patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between specific, reproducible findings of an anteroinferior capsulolabral complex obtained using conventional 3.0-Tesla nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathologic arthroscopic findings and to assess the confidence level of the findings.

Methods: Of 125 cases of traumatic anterior instability surgery from January 2017 to November 2019, 66 patients (52 men, 14 women; 23.

Effect of COVID-19 changes on outcomes and socioeconomic disparities following metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Background: We previously showed worse outcomes among lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups following metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS). In light of healthcare changes in response to COVID-19, this study aims to evaluate post-pandemic MBS outcomes and determine if prior socioeconomic disparities persisted in the post-COVID era.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing primary Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) between 2015 and 2022 was performed.

A longitudinal study of breastmilk feeding duration, EEG power and early academic skills.

Background: The cognitive benefits of breastfeeding are widely recognized; however, its effects on brain development and later academic skills require further examination. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relations between breastmilk feeding, neurophysiological changes, and early academic skills.

Methods: In the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) birth cohort, breastmilk feeding practices were collected every 3 months from 3 weeks to 18 months postpartum.

Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia, as a Poorly Understood Cause of 46 XY Sexual Differentiation Disorder.

Case: We present the case of a woman who, during the neonatal period, presented salt-losing adrenal insufficiency associated with 46 XY gonadal dysgenesis. The genetic study found a steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mutation.

Conclusion: Mutations in StAR result in a nonfunctional protein, which clinically translates into congenital adrenal hyperplasia and, in the case of patients with 46 XY karyotype, is accompanied by gonadal dysgenesis characterized by androgen deficiency, without alterations in anti-Müllerian hormone.

Piriformis preserving posterior approach STAR for primary and primary complex total hip arthroplasty: Excellent safety and efficacy in a single blinded prospective single surgeon cohort of 522 patients with a mean follow-up of 2 years.

Introduction: STAR (Superior Transverse Anatomic Reconstruction), a piriformis-preserving posterior approach, has not been extensively studied. Our study aimed to assess the STAR approach's safety and efficacy by recording postoperative complication rates and measuring implantation accuracy in a single surgeon prospective cohort with a mean follow-up of two years.

Methods: The study involved 522 patients with elective primary or complex primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed by a senior surgeon using the STAR approach between 2019 and 2023.

Activatable Fluorescence and Bio/Chemiluminescence Probes for Aminopeptidases: From Design to Biomedical Applications.

Aminopeptidases are exopeptidases that catalyze the cleavage of amino acid residues from the N-terminal fragment of protein or peptide substrates. Owing to their function, they play important roles in protein maturation, signal transduction, cell-cycle control, and various disease mechanisms, notably in cancer pathology. To gain better insights into their function, molecular imaging assisted by fluorescence and bio/chemiluminescence probes has become an indispensable method to their superiorities, including excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and real-time and noninvasive imaging.

ISCCM Position Statement for Improving Gender Balance in Critical Care Medicine.

Unlabelled: Gender disparity in Critical Care Medicine (CCM) persists globally, with women being underrepresented. Female Intensivists remain a minority, facing challenges in academic and leadership positions at the workplace and within academic societies. The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM) recognized the need for addressing issues related to gender parity and constituted its first Diversity Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Committee in 2023.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure: an individual patient level meta-analysis.

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) reduce hospitalisations and death in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but the benefit in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) or heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unclear. We evaluated the effect of MRAs in four trials that enrolled patients with heart failure across the range of ejection fraction.

Methods: This is a prespecified, individual patient level meta-analysis of the RALES (spironolactone) and EMPHASIS-HF (eplerenone) trials, which enrolled patients with HFrEF, and of the TOPCAT (spironolactone) and FINEARTS-HF (finerenone) trials, which enrolled patients with HFmrEF or HFpEF.

Unraveling the impact of hyperleptinemia on female reproduction: insights from transgenic pig model.

Background: Infertility is a growing global health concern affecting millions of couples worldwide. Among several factors, an extreme body weight adversely affects reproductive functions. Leptin is a well-known adipokine that serves as an endocrine signal between adiposity and fertility.

Life course financial mobility and later-life memory function and decline by gender, and race and ethnicity: an intersectional analysis of the US KHANDLE and STAR cohort studies.

Background: Intersectionality has rarely been considered in research studies of cognitive ageing. We investigated whether life-course financial mobility is differentially associated with later-life memory function and decline across intersectional identities defined by gender, and race and ethnicity.

Methods: Data were from two harmonised multiethnic cohorts (the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences cohort and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans cohort) in northern California, USA (n=2340).