Isolated Shoulder Weakness as a Manifestation of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Rare Presentation.

There is somatotopic organization of body in motor and sensory cortex of brain. Distal parts of a limb have a much larger area of presentation as compared to proximal parts. So, isolated distal hand muscle weakness as a manifestation of stroke is not so uncommon, but isolated shoulder muscle weakness as a manifestation of stroke is very rare.

Nonmotor Manifestations of Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Its Correlation with the Severity and Duration of the Disease: A Cross-sectional Study.

Overview: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is common in individuals over the age of 50 years, affecting about 1% of the population. Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) are a common occurrence in PD, but they are often ignored by motor symptoms. Studies have shown that NMS in PD show a significant impact on quality of life.

A Study on Factors Causing Prehospital Delay in Treatment of Status Epilepticus.

Objective: To identify factors causing prehospital delay in treatment of status epilepticus (SE).

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective observational study done on 78 patients with SE in the Stanley Medical College, Chennai, over 2 years. Demographic SE-related data and treatment delay were entered and correlated with outcome.

Aggressive Giant Cell Tumor of Proximal Tibia Treated with Resection and Arthrodesis using Limb Reconstruction System - A Case Report.

Introduction: Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are one of the most aggressive benign tumors of the bone. For tumors around the knee joint, excision with preservation of joint movement is preferred. Resection arthrodesis or an amputation might be necessary sometimes.

Total extra-peritoneal approach to radical cystectomy with ureterostomy: A novel technique for the elderly and frail.

Objectives: Radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is the gold standard treatment for bladder cancer (high-risk/muscle invasive). The transperitoneal approach is associated with significant gastrointestinal complications like ileus. In the elderly and frail with a single functional kidney, we describe an extraperitoneal technique of radical cystectomy, with a ureterostomy, to be performed without general anesthesia.

Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in patients with primary nasal and nasopharyngeal pathologies.

The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in patients with nasal and nasopharyngeal pathologies. A total of 60 consenting patients between the age of 14 to 60 years with primary nasal and nasopharyngeal pathologies were taken up for the study. These patients underwent history taking, detailed clinical examination including BMI, diagnostic nasal endoscopy and overnight polysomnography.

Distribution of Normative Percentiles of Liver Stiffness Measurement Using Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography in an Adult Asian Indian Population.

 The aim of this study was to determine the normative percentiles for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using shear wave elastography in an adult Asian Indian population as part of the preventive radiology initiative of the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA).  LSMs were ascertained by two-dimensional (2D) shear wave elastography using the Mindray Resona series of ultrasound machines. The image quality was assessed using the motion stability index (M-STB) and reliability (RLB) map.

Short-Term Outcomes of Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis in Diabetes Mellitus.

Background and objective Infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) in adults, particularly the diabetic population, has a grave prognosis with many patients progressing to dialysis-dependent renal failure. Indian data on this entity are very scarce. This study attempts to correlate the clinicopathological factors related to diabetic IRGN and its short-term outcomes.

Neuromyelitis Optica Presenting as Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgia-Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic) Overlap.

A 32-year-old lady presented with acute paroxysmal facial pain in the V1-V2 distribution, lower cranial nerve dysfunction, and mild long-tract neurological signs. Paroxysmal facial pain with features of trigeminal autonomic cephalgia (TAC) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN) (Tic) was the unique presentation in this case, explained by involvement of the somatotopically arranged spinal trigeminal nucleus. She had two attacks of area postrema syndrome (APS) preceding the current symptoms, evaluated as a gastroenterological disorder, causing a delay in imaging and AQP4-seropositive diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).

Correlation of Clinical and Electrophysiological Criteria in the Diagnosis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: There are many criteria for diagnosing Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and the yield of these diagnostic criteria varies. Each criterion requires some laboratory data and nerve conduction studies (NCS). Although supportive laboratory data are reassuring when present in suspected cases of GBS, when absent, they can potentially cause further delay in diagnosis and treatment.

Unraveling the Missing Pieces: Exploring the Gaps in Understanding Chagas Cardiomyopathy.

Chagas cardiomyopathy affects a considerable number of patients infected with the protozoan and remains one of the most neglected tropical diseases despite being a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in both endemic regions of Latin America and non-endemic countries like the United States. Since its discovery almost a century ago, knowledge gaps still exist in the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy, and numerous challenges exist in its diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the main pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the progression of Chagas cardiomyopathy, which has been proposed as a result of years of research.

Gut microbiome: A revolution in type II diabetes mellitus.

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has experienced a dramatic increase globally across countries of various income levels over the past three decades. The persistent prevalence of T2DM is attributed to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. While numerous pharmaceutical therapies have been developed, there remains an urgent need for innovative treatment approaches that offer effectiveness without significant adverse effects.

Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Rheumatoid Disease Activity in Patients on Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs - A Prospective Study.

Aim: The aim of this clinical trial rheumatoid arthritis-chronic periodontitis (RA-CP) is to assess the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy in RA patients.

Materials And Methods: Sixty RA patients taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs (DMARD) with CP were selected from the Institute of Rheumatology, Madras Medical College, randomised into the intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). IG received non-surgical periodontal therapy after the screening visit, but CG did not receive treatment until the 3 months study period.

Clinical, Etiological, and Imaging Study of Patients with Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Aim Of The Study: To study the clinical profile, etiology, and imaging features of subjects presenting with cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CVST) and to correlate the clinical findings with radiological findings.

Materials And Methods: The study included 120 patients admitted with the diagnosis of CVST to Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. The study included patients of all age-groups presenting with cerebral venous thrombosis.

Post-Diarrheal Acute Kidney Injury During an Epidemic in Monsoon - A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of acute diarrheal diseases; however, there is limited data on post-diarrheal AKI (PD-AKI) epidemiology and outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the clinicodemographic profile and outcomes of PD-AKI in our hospital.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 93 patients admitted with PD-AKI during a diarrheal illness epidemic.