Abnormal platelet aggregation in pediatric pulmonary hypertension.

Endogenous prostacyclin stimulates pulmonary vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation. For the synthetic analog treprostinil, used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH), conflicting, anecdotal evidence exists regarding its effects on clinically relevant platelet function. This study investigated whether treprostinil therapy results in inhibition of platelet aggregation in pediatric PH patients.

The Role of Seasonal Sediment Transport and Sintering in Shaping Titan's Landscapes: A Hypothesis.

Titan is a sedimentary world, with lakes, rivers, canyons, fans, dissected plateaux, and sand dunes. Sediments on Saturn's moon are thought to largely consist of mechanically weak organic grains, prone to rapid abrasion into dust. Yet, Titan's equatorial dunes have likely been active for 10s-100s kyr.

Tropical Peatland Hydrology Simulated With a Global Land Surface Model.

Tropical peatlands are among the most carbon-dense ecosystems on Earth, and their water storage dynamics strongly control these carbon stocks. The hydrological functioning of tropical peatlands differs from that of northern peatlands, which has not yet been accounted for in global land surface models (LSMs). Here, we integrated tropical peat-specific hydrology modules into a global LSM for the first time, by utilizing the peatland-specific model structure adaptation (PEATCLSM) of the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM).

Long-Term Earth-Moon Evolution With High-Level Orbit and Ocean Tide Models.

Tides and Earth-Moon system evolution are coupled over geological time. Tidal energy dissipation on Earth slows rotation rate, increases obliquity, lunar orbit semi-major axis and eccentricity, and decreases lunar inclination. Tidal and core-mantle boundary dissipation within the Moon decrease inclination, eccentricity and semi-major axis.

Infantile ischemic stroke secondary to profound arteriopathy.

Pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is an uncommon emergency department (ED) presentation. We share the case of a 4-month-old female with a chief complaint of irritability and difficulty feeding. During ED evaluation, she developed lateral gaze deviation, tongue deviation, and rhythmic leg movements.

First Plant Cell Atlas symposium report.

The Plant Cell Atlas (PCA) community hosted a virtual symposium on December 9 and 10, 2021 on single cell and spatial omics technologies. The conference gathered almost 500 academic, industry, and government leaders to identify the needs and directions of the PCA community and to explore how establishing a data synthesis center would address these needs and accelerate progress. This report details the presentations and discussions focused on the possibility of a data synthesis center for a PCA and the expected impacts of such a center on advancing science and technology globally.

Sex and race visual representation in emergency medicine textbooks and the hidden curriculum.

Introduction: In addition to formal training, informal training often occurs through a hidden curriculum. As the hidden curriculum shapes the knowledge and values held by learners, we must consider its role in implicit bias. One example is through the selection of images used in formal instruction.

Insights into electrochemiluminescence dynamics by synchronizing real-time electrical, luminescence, and mass spectrometric measurements.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) comprises a sophisticated cascade of reactions. Despite advances in mechanistic studies by electrochemistry and spectroscopy, a lack of access to dynamic molecular information renders many plausible ECL pathways unclear or unproven. Here we describe the construction of a real-time ECL mass spectrometry (MS) platform (RT-Triplex) for synchronization of dynamic electrical, luminescent, and mass spectrometric outputs during ECL events.

Systematic Review of Dyadic Interventions for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions: Current Evidence and Key Gaps.

Objectives: Identify non-pharmacological interventions to support patient/caregiver dyads with ACSCs; review the effects of dyadic interventions on health services outcomes; and review the effectiveness of dyadic interventions on patient and caregiver biopsychosocial outcomes.

Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Results: Twenty-six manuscripts representing 20 unique RCTs (Mean N = 154 patients, 140 caregivers) were eligible.

Sex-specific vulnerability to depressive symptoms across adolescence and during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of the cingulum bundle.

Background: Females are at higher risk for developing depression during adolescence than are males, particularly during exposure to stressors like the COVID-19 pandemic. Examining structural connections between brain regions involved in executive functioning may advance our understanding of sex biases in stress and depression. Here, we examined the role of the cingulum bundle in differentiating trajectories of depressive symptoms in males and females across adolescence and during the pandemic.

Impact of recentrifugation of blood collection tubes on chemistry and immunochemistry analytes after 24 and 72 hours of refrigerated storage on the Roche Cobas 8000 platform.

Background: We discovered that blood collection tubes (BCTs) were inadvertently recentrifuged due to improper placement on our automated preanalytical system. This study was undertaken to determine the impact of recentrifugation of blood specimens collected in serum separator (SSTs) and plasma separator (PSTs) tubes after refrigerated storage for 24 and 72 h on the concentrations of chemistry and immunochemistry analytes.

Methods: Blood was collected from 20 volunteers in SSTs and PSTs, centrifuged, and 36 chemistry and 14 immunochemistry analytes were measured at baseline in single-centrifuged tubes on a Roche Cobas 8000 chemistry platform.

Gender differences in emergency medicine standardized letters of evaluation.

Objectives: The Standardized Letter of Evaluation (SLOE) is a vital portion of any medical student's emergency medicine (EM) residency application. Prior literature suggests gender bias in EM SLOE comparative ranking, but there is limited understanding of the impact of gender on other SLOE components. The study objective was to evaluate the presence of gender differences in the 7 Qualifications for EM (7QEM), Global Assessment (GA), and anticipated Rank List (RL) position.

Fusogenic liposome-enhanced cytosolic delivery of magnetic nanoparticles.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are widely used in cell sorting, organelle selection, drug delivery, cell delivery, and cell tracking applications. However, organelle manipulation in living cells has been limited due to the endocytic uptake and sequestration of MNPs. Here, we introduce a method for modifying MNPs with fusogenic liposomes that facilitate MNP passage directly into the cytosol.

Correction: Characterization of an exopolysaccharide from probiont MSI12 and its effect on the disruption of biofilm.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C5RA10302A.].

Gastrointestinal bleeding: imaging and interventions in cancer patients.

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) among cancer patients is a major source of morbidity and mortality. Although a wide variety of etiologies contribute to GIB, special considerations should be made for cancer-related factors such as the type of malignancy, location and extent of disease, hemostatic parameters, and treatment effects. Key imaging modalities used to evaluate GIB include computed tomography angiography (CTA), radionuclide imaging, and catheter-based angiography.

SARS-CoV-2 RNA is enriched by orders of magnitude in primary settled solids relative to liquid wastewater at publicly owned treatment works.

Wastewater-based epidemiology has gained attention throughout the world for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater to supplement clinical testing. Raw wastewater consists of small particles, or solids, suspended in liquid. Methods have been developed to measure SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the liquid and the solid fraction of wastewater, with some studies reporting higher concentrations in the solid fraction.

Inclusion complex of lurasidone hydrochloride with Sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin has enhanced oral bioavailability and no food effect.

Objectives: This study aimed to improve the solubility in water and bioavailability of lurasidone hydrochloride (LUR).

Methods: The saturated aqueous solution method was used to prepare an inclusion complex of LUR with sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin, or SBE-β-CD (LUR-SBE-β-CD). A single-factor test was used for the preliminary screening of important preparing conditions including the ethanol concentration, the SBE-β-CD concentration, temperature, and pH.

Innovations in Undergraduate Research Training Through Multisite Collaborative Programming: American Heart Association Summer Undergraduate Research Experience Syndicate.

Background To support diversity in biomedical science, the American Heart Association launched the Supporting Undergraduate Research Experiences for undergraduate students from underrepresented backgrounds to provide mentorship and high-level exposure at 5 leading medical institutions. Here we describe the initial formation of the partnership and the alteration made in response to the program to accommodate COVID-19 safety precautions. Methods and Results We outline how programming shifted from local, in-person programming in the summer of 2019 to a collaborative, mainly virtual curriculum in 2020 using students' self-reported before and after surveys from both 2019 (n=33) and 2020 (n=42).

Risk Estimates of Imminent Cardiovascular Death and Heart Failure Hospitalization Are Improved Using Serial Natriuretic Peptide Measurements in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes.

Background Baseline and temporal changes in natriuretic peptide (NP) concentrations have strong prognostic value with regard to long-term cardiovascular risk stratification. To increase the clinical utility of NP sampling for patient management, we wanted to assess the incremental predictive value of 2 serial NP measurements compared with a single measurement and provide absolute risk estimates for cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization (HFH) within 6 months based on 2 serial NP measurements. Methods and Results Consecutive NP samples obtained from 5393 patients with a recent coronary event and type 2 diabetes enrolled in the ELIXA (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Lixisenatide) trial were used to construct best logistic regression models with outcome of cardiovascular death or HFH (136 events).

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Hispanic Versus Non-Hispanic White Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2018.

Background Life expectancy has been higher for Hispanic versus non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals; however, data are limited on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Method and Results Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research death certificate database (1999-2018), we compared age-adjusted mortality rates for total CVD and its subtypes (ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, other CVD), and average annual percentage changes among Hispanic and NHW adults. The age-adjusted mortality rate per 100 000 was lower for Hispanic than NHW adults for total CVD (186.

Stable isotopes reveal seasonal dietary responses to agroforestry in a venomous mammal, the Hispaniolan solenodon ().

While trends in tropical deforestation are alarming, conservation biologists are increasingly recognizing the potential for species survival in human-modified landscapes. Identifying the factors underlying such persistence, however, requires basic ecological knowledge of a species' resource use. Here, we generate such data to guide conservation of an understudied venomous mammal, the Hispaniolan solenodon (), that occupies a mosaic landscape of agriculture and forest fragments in the western Dominican Republic.

Plasma and CSF NfL are differentially associated with biomarker evidence of neurodegeneration in a community-based sample of 70-year-olds.

Neurofilament light protein (NfL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma (P) are suggested to be interchangeable markers of neurodegeneration. However, evidence is scarce from community-based samples. NfL was examined in a small-scale sample of 287 individuals from the Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort 1944 study, using linear models in relation to CSF and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker evidence of neurodegeneration.

Sedentary Behavior and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Women: The OPACH Study.

Background Sedentary behavior is associated with cardiovascular disease, but its association with incident atrial fibrillation is not well studied. Our aim was to measure the association between objectively measured sedentary behavior and incident atrial fibrillation. Methods and Results Sedentary behavior was measured by a triaxial accelerometer worn on a belt for 1 week.