741 results match your criteria: "Stanford University. Stanford[Affiliation]"
Counseling Parents and Adolescents About Marijuana.
Am Fam Physician
July 2018
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Stanford University/Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Exercise Training in Heart Failure Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: a Practical Approach.
Card Fail Rev
August 2018
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp Wilrijk, Belgium.
Persistent AF is present in at least 20 % of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and is related to a poor prognosis and more severe cardiac arrhythmias. CHF and AF share a common pathophysiology and can exacerbate one another. Exercise programmes for people with CHF have been shown to improve aerobic capacity, prognosis and quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential Induction of IFN-α and Modulation of CD112 and CD54 Expression Govern the Magnitude of NK Cell IFN-γ Response to Influenza A Viruses.
J Immunol
October 2018
Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
In human and murine studies, IFN-γ is a critical mediator immunity to influenza. IFN-γ production is critical for viral clearance and the development of adaptive immune responses, yet excessive production of IFN-γ and other cytokines as part of a cytokine storm is associated with poor outcomes of influenza infection in humans. As NK cells are the main population of lung innate immune cells capable of producing IFN-γ early in infection, we set out to identify the drivers of the human NK cell IFN-γ response to influenza A viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelf-Cleaning Porous Surfaces for Dry Condensation.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
August 2018
Department of Mechanical Engineering , Stanford University Stanford, 440 Escondido Mall , Stanford , California 94305 , United States.
Efficient water removal from a cool surface during condensation is critically important to the enhancement of a variety of heat transfer applications. Previous work has focused on the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces which promote water droplets and removal via droplet shedding or jumping. Here, we report a novel strategy with a droplet self-cleaning surface which spontaneously transports all of the droplets from the condensation surface to the back side.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: No summative speaker evaluation form with validity and reliability evidence currently exists in the English medical education literature specifically to help conference planners make future decisions on speakers. We seek to perform a proof-of-concept evaluation of a concise, effective evaluation form to be filled out by audience members to aid conference planners.
Methods: We created the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors (CORD-EM) form, a novel, three-question speaker evaluation form for the CORD-EM national conference and evaluated it for proof of concept.
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely applied in portable electronics (laptops, mobile phones, etc.) as one of the most popular energy storage devices. Currently, much effort has been devoted to exploring alternative high-capacity anode materials and thus potentially constructing high-performance LIBs with higher energy/power density.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan Real World Evidence on Body Mass Index Trajectories Inform Clinical Practice?
J Pediatr
October 2018
Pediatrics/Endocrinology Stanford University Stanford, California. Electronic address:
MUC5B Promoter Polymorphism and Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
November 2018
2 Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered as one of the most promising energy storage systems for next-generation electric vehicles because of their high-energy density. However, the poor cyclic stability, especially at a high sulfur loading, is the major obstacles retarding their practical use. Inspired by the nacre structure of an abalone, a similar configuration consisting of layered carbon nanotube (CNT) matrix and compactly embedded sulfur is designed as the cathode for Li-S batteries, which are realized by a well-designed unidirectional freeze-drying approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing parabolized stability equations to model boundary-layer transition in direct and large-eddy simulations.
48th AIAA Fluid Dyn Conf 2018 (2018)
June 2018
Franklin P. and Caroline M. Johnson Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University. Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305.
We examine the potential of the nonlinear parabolized stability equations (PSE) to provide an accurate yet computationally efficient treatment of the growth of disturbances in H-type transition to turbulence. The PSE capture the nonlinear interactions that eventually induce breakdown to turbulence, and can as such identify the onset of transition without relying on empirical correlations. Since the local PSE solution at the onset of transition is a close approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations, it provides a natural inflow condition for direct numerical simulations (DNS) and large-eddy simulations (LES) by avoiding nonphysical transients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare chronic cholestatic liver disease that may progress to biliary cirrhosis if left untreated. The first-line therapy for PBC is ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). Unfortunately, 1 of 3 patients does not respond to UDCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStandard OSEM vs. regularized PET image reconstruction: qualitative and quantitative comparison using phantom data and various clinical radiopharmaceuticals.
Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
April 2018
Department of Radiology, Stanford University Stanford 94305, CA, USA.
We investigated the block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) algorithm. ACR phantom measurements with different count statistics and 60 PET/CT research scans from the GE Discovery 600 and 690 scanners were reconstructed using BSREM and the standard-of-care OSEM algorithm. Hot concentration recovery and cold contrast recovery were measured from the phantom data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain stiffens post mortem.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
August 2018
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address:
Alterations in brain rheology are increasingly recognized as a diagnostic marker for various neurological conditions. Magnetic resonance elastography now allows us to assess brain rheology repeatably, reproducibly, and non-invasively in vivo. Recent elastography studies suggest that brain stiffness decreases one percent per year during normal aging, and is significantly reduced in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of water quality, sanitation, hand washing, and nutritional interventions on child development in rural Bangladesh (WASH Benefits Bangladesh): a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
Lancet Child Adolesc Health
April 2018
Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA USA.
Background: Poor nutrition and hygiene make children vulnerable to delays in growth and development. We aimed to assess the effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions individually or in combination on the cognitive, motor, and language development of children in rural Bangladesh.
Methods: In this cluster-randomised controlled trial, we enrolled pregnant women in their first or second trimester from rural villages of Gazipur, Kishoreganj, Mymensingh, and Tangail districts of central Bangladesh, with an average of eight women per cluster.
Male infertility is a reproductive disease, and existing clinical solutions for this condition often involve long and cumbersome sperm sorting methods, including preprocessing and centrifugation-based steps. These methods also fall short when sorting for sperm free of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and epigenetic aberrations. Although several microfluidic platforms exist, they suffer from structural complexities, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGround penetrating radar (GPR) has emerged as an effective tool for estimating active layer thickness (ALT) and volumetric water content (VWC) within the active layer. In August 2013, we conducted a series of GPR and probing surveys using a 500 MHz antenna and metallic probe around Barrow, Alaska. We collected about 15 km of GPR data and 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvoiding Malpractice Suits: The Authors Reply.
Health Aff (Millwood)
April 2018
Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts.
Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 4J with complex central nervous system features.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
February 2018
Neurosciences Department Stanford Health Care Palo Alto California.
We describe a family with Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 4J presenting with features of Charcot Marie Tooth disease plus parkinsonism and aphemia. Genetic testing found two variants in the gene: c.122T>C (p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDensity functional theory calculations for evaluation of phosphorene as a potential anode material for magnesium batteries.
RSC Adv
February 2018
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China.
We have systematically investigated black phosphorus and its derivative - a novel 2D nanomaterial, phosphorene - as an anode material for magnesium-ion batteries. We first performed Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations to calculate the Mg adsorption energy, specific capacity, and diffusion barriers on monolayer phosphorene. Using these results, we evaluated the main trends in binding energy and voltage as a function of Mg concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF18F-florbetapir Positron Emission Tomography-determined Cerebral β-Amyloid Deposition and Neurocognitive Performance after Cardiac Surgery.
Anesthesiology
April 2018
From the Department of Anesthesiology (R.Y.K., T.B., M.B., N.T., M.F.N., J.P.M.), Department of Radiology (O.G.J., S.B.-N.), Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (Y.-J.L., W.Q.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science (P.M.D.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 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Background: Amyloid deposition is a potential contributor to postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The authors hypothesized that 6-week global cortical amyloid burden, determined by F-florbetapir positron emission tomography, would be greater in those patients manifesting cognitive dysfunction at 6 weeks postoperatively.
Methods: Amyloid deposition was evaluated in cardiac surgical patients at 6 weeks (n = 40) and 1 yr (n = 12); neurocognitive function was assessed at baseline (n = 40), 6 weeks (n = 37), 1 yr (n = 13), and 3 yr (n = 9).