Photodynamic therapy-induced precise attenuation of light-targeted semicircular canals for treating intractable vertigo.

Vertigo is a common symptom of various diseases that affects a large number of people worldwide. Current leading treatments for intractable peripheral vertigo are to intratympanically inject ototoxic drugs such as gentamicin to attenuate the semicircular canal function but inevitably cause hearing injury. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive therapeutic approach by precisely targeting the diseased tissue.

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017.

Quantifying Global Wetland Methane Emissions With In Situ Methane Flux Data and Machine Learning Approaches.

Wetland methane (CH) emissions have a significant impact on the global climate system. However, the current estimation of wetland CH emissions at the global scale still has large uncertainties. Here we developed six distinct bottom-up machine learning (ML) models using in situ CH fluxes from both chamber measurements and the Fluxnet-CH network.

Hyperconjugation-controlled molecular conformation weakens lithium-ion solvation and stabilizes lithium metal anodes.

Tuning the solvation structure of lithium ions electrolyte engineering has proven effective for lithium metal (Li) anodes. Further advancement that bypasses the trial-and-error practice relies on the establishment of molecular design principles. Expanding the scope of our previous work on solvent fluorination, we report here an alternative design principle for non-fluorinated solvents, which potentially have reduced cost, environmental impact, and toxicity.

Correction: FeS colloids - formation and mobilization pathways in natural waters.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9EN01427F.].

Assessment of trochanteric vascularity using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in a cadaveric model.

Purpose: Few studies have assessed trochanteric vascularity despite its implications for bone healing and surgical approaches. This study aimed to assess the regional arterial contributions of the medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) versus the lateral femoral circumflex artery (LFCA) to trochanteric vascularity.

Methods: Ten adult human cadaveric pelvises to mid-femur specimens were obtained.

State of the art of mobile health technologies use in clinical arrhythmia care.

The rapid growth in consumer-facing mobile and sensor technologies has created tremendous opportunities for patient-driven personalized health management. The diagnosis and management of cardiac arrhythmias are particularly well suited to benefit from these easily accessible consumer health technologies. In particular, smartphone-based and wrist-worn wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) technology can facilitate relatively inexpensive, long-term rhythm monitoring.

Imidazolate-Stabilized Cu(III): Dioxygen to Oxides at Type 3 Copper Sites.

Imidazole ligation of metals through histidine is extensive among metalloproteins, yet the role of the imidazolate conjugate base is often neglected, despite its potential accessibility when bonded to an oxidized metal center. Using synthetic models of oxygenated tyrosinase enzymes ligated exclusively by monodentate imidazoles, we find that deprotonation of the μ-η:η-peroxidodicopper(II) species triggers redox isomerization to an imidazolate-ligated bis(μ-oxido)dicopper(III) species. Formal two-electron oxidation to Cu(III) remains biologically unprecedented, yet is effected readily by addition of base.

Are restricted and repetitive behaviours in two- and six-year-olds associated with emotional and behavioural difficulties?

Background: Restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour (RRBs) serve an adaptive role in development. Elevated levels of RRBs beyond the early years, however, are associated with poorer outcome in language, cognition, and wellbeing, and are seen across a range of neurodevelopmental conditions. This study aimed to characterize the association of distinct RRB subtypes at two and six years of age, with internalising and externalising difficulties in a community sample of children.

Methane C(sp)-H bond activation by water microbubbles.

Microbubble-induced oxidation offers an effective approach for activating the C(sp)-H bond of methane under mild conditions, achieving a methane activation rate of up to 6.7% per hour under optimized parameters. In this study, microbubbles provided an extensive gas-liquid interface that promoted the formation of hydroxyl (OH˙) and hydrogen radicals (H˙), which facilitated the activation of methane, leading to the generation of methyl radicals (CH˙).

Prediction and functional interpretation of inter-chromosomal genome architecture from DNA sequence with TwinC.

Three-dimensional nuclear DNA architecture comprises well-studied intra-chromosomal () folding and less characterized inter-chromosomal () interfaces. Current predictive models of 3D genome folding can effectively infer pairwise -chromatin interactions from the primary DNA sequence but generally ignore contacts. There is an unmet need for robust models of -genome organization that provide insights into their underlying principles and functional relevance.

Ethylene oxide graft copolymers reduce the immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticles.

Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)/mRNA complexes have great therapeutic potential but their PEG chains can induce the production of anti-PEG antibodies. New LNPs that do not contain PEG are greatly needed. We demonstrate here that poly-glutamic acid-ethylene oxide graft copolymers can replace the PEG on LNPs and outperform PEG-LNPs after chronic administration.

Chemical diversity of reagents that modify RNA 2'-OH in water: a review.

Electrophilic water-soluble compounds have proven versatile in reacting selectively with 2'-OH groups in RNA, enabling structure mapping, probing, caging, labeling, crosslinking, and conjugation of RNAs and in living cells. While early work focused on one or two types of reagents with limited properties, recent studies have greatly diversified the structure, properties, and applications of these reagents. Here we review the scope of documented RNA hydroxyl-reactive species reported to date, with an eye to the effects of chemical structure on reactivity with RNA and other useful properties.

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in pulmonary hypertension-Moving beyond the sector plane.

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is usually measured with M-mode using sector line, however, this may not align with the anatomical shortening of the right ventricular (RV). In this study, we compared the different methods to measure TAPSE using three different reference lines (sector line, anatomical line, and apico-annular line). We included 148 patients diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) who underwent TTE and right heart catheterization within 2 weeks of each other.

Cautionary tales on the use of proxies to estimate body size and form of extinct animals.

Body size is of fundamental importance to our understanding of extinct organisms. Physiology, ecology and life history are all strongly influenced by body size and shape, which ultimately determine how a species interacts with its environment. Reconstruction of body size and form in extinct animals provides insight into the dynamics underlying community composition and faunal turnover in past ecosystems and broad macroevolutionary trends.

Structure-function relationships in pure archaeal bipolar tetraether lipids.

Archaeal bipolar tetraether lipids (BTLs) are among the most unusual lipids occurring in nature because of their presumed ability to span the entire membrane to form a monolayer structure. It is believed that because of their unique structural organization and chemical stability, BTLs offer extraordinary adaptation to archaea to thrive in the most extreme milieus. BTLs have also received considerable attention for development of novel membrane-based materials.

Preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy in pediatric bariatric surgery: A summary of the literature.

Our objective was to summarize the available literature on the use of preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and its impact on management and/or postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery. We performed a search using PubMed in February 2023 for articles examining EGD and any clinical correlation in pediatric patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Search results were manually reviewed and included in the study if they examined findings of EGD done prior to bariatric surgery and were excluded if they were not primarily done in pediatric or adolescent patients.

Hypertension and Ventilatory Responses During Exercise in the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database (FRIEND).

Background: A high minute ventilation/rate of carbon dioxide production (V̇/V̇co) slope during exercise is prognostic for cardiovascular death. Recent data indicate that adults with either controlled or untreated primary hypertension, but not those with uncontrolled hypertension, exhibit a higher V̇/V̇co slope during exercise. However, the sample sizes were modest.

Correlated responses to selection across diverse environments during experimental evolution of .

Correlated responses to selection have long been observed and studied; however, it remains unclear when they will arise, and in what direction. To contribute to a growing understanding of correlated responses to selection, we used experimental evolution of the ciliate to study direct and correlated responses in a variety of different environmental conditions. One experiment focused on adaptation to two different temperatures and the correlated responses across temperatures.