Vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor versus elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in individuals with cystic fibrosis aged 12 years and older (SKYLINE Trials VX20-121-102 and VX20-121-103): results from two randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 trials.

Background: The goal of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators is to reach normal CFTR function in people with cystic fibrosis. Vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor restored CFTR function in vitro and in phase 2 trials in participants aged 18 years and older resulting in improvements in CFTR function, as measured by sweat chloride concentrations and lung function as measured by spirometry. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor compared with standard of care elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in individuals with cystic fibrosis aged 12 years and older.

Sweat chloride reflects CFTR function and correlates with clinical outcomes following CFTR modulator treatment.

Background: Highly effective CFTR modulators improve CFTR function and lead to dramatic improvements in health outcomes in many people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The relationship between measures of CFTR function, such as sweat chloride concentration, and clinical outcomes in pwCF treated with CFTR modulators is poorly defined. We conducted analyses to better understand the relationships between sweat chloride and CFTR function in vitro, and between sweat chloride and clinical outcomes following CFTR modulator treatment.

Should formalities be less formal? A comparative study of patient preferences on formalities and accommodation choices from 1999 to 2023.

Purpose: To explore if patients' preferences regarding formalities and inpatient accommodation during their inpatient hospital experience have changed since 1999.

Methods: A ten-item survey was administered to an inpatient sample in an urban teaching hospital and compared with results from a similar survey in 1999.

Results: The majority (98.

Profiling Communication Ability in Dementia: Validation of a new cognitive-communication assessment tool.

Background: Individuals with dementia have communication limitations resulting from cognitive impairments that define the syndrome. Whereas there are numerous cognitive assessments for individuals with dementia, there are far fewer communication assessments. The Profiling Communication Ability in Dementia (P-CAD) was developed to address this gap.

"A young person in an old person's body": a reflexive thematic analysis of the experience of living with young onset Parkinson's disease.

Background: People with young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD), a term for those diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) under the age of 60, face unique challenges compared to those diagnosed with PD later in life. A better understanding of the lived experience of those with YOPD is essential to delivering bespoke rehabilitation and improving quality of life.

Purpose: To provide insight into the emotional and social lived experience of individuals with YOPD.

The Top 100 Most Cited Articles on Musculoskeletal Radiology: A Bibliometric Analysis.

The number of citations an article receives is reflective of its impact on the scientific community. The top 100 most cited articles were identified using the Web of Science database. Data relating to the publication year, publishing journal, number of citations, primary institution, journal impact factor, authorship, country of origin, radiological modality, and keywords were collected.

A psychological model of predictive factors of distress following long COVID.

Background: Long COVID, described as "the continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection", is estimated to affect at least 10-20 % of all cases of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Because of its novelty, information regarding the experience of Long COVID is still emerging.

Methods: This study examines psychological distress in two long COVID populations, and their experience of fatigue, cognitive failures, experiential avoidance, rumination, and perceived injustice.

European recommendations from health care professionals and people living with obesity on safe practice for bariatric and metabolic surgery medical tourism: a modified delphi consensus statement from EASO, IFSO-EC and ECPO.

Background: Bariatric and metabolic surgery tourism (BMT) is becoming an increasingly popular route to treatment for patients living with obesity. Recent reports have highlighted that some patients travelling abroad for bariatric surgery have received inadequate care, fraudulent care, and, tragically, some cases have resulted in death. This study aimed to define consensus in Europe regarding safe practices concerning BMT.

Diagnostic interobserver variability of atypia assessment in columnar cell lesions among a group of expert breast pathologists in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, on behalf of the UK national coordinating committee for breast pathology.

Aims: Atypical ductal hyperplasia and flat epithelial atypia (FEA) have defined diagnostic criteria, yet there is variation in the interpretation of these criteria, particularly when the atypia is present in a background of columnar cell lesions (CCLs). This study focuses upon cases which are especially challenging or difficult to classify reproducibly according to existing criteria.

Methods And Results: Thirteen breast pathology experts were asked to classify 10 challenging cases with CLLs as atypical or non-atypical.

Shear stress-induced restoration of pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier function following ischaemia reperfusion injury requires VEGFR2 signalling.

Normal shear stress produced by blood flow is sensed by the vascular endothelium and required for maintenance of the homeostatic functions of the endothelium in systemic conduit and resistance vessels. Many critical illnesses are characterised by periods of abnormally reduced or absent shear stress in the lung (e.g.

European S2k guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa part 2: Treatment.

Introduction: This second part of the S2k guidelines is an update of the 2015 S1 European guidelines.

Objective: These guidelines aim to provide an accepted decision aid for the selection, implementation and assessment of appropriate and sufficient therapy for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS).

Methods: The chapters have been selected after a Delphi procedure among the experts/authors.

Clinical and Biomarker Determinants for Recurrent Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Despite effective secondary prevention, including oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy, the risk of recurrent stroke (RS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains substantial with an annualized risk of 3.2%-6.5% per year.

Cardiac CT, MRI, and PET in 2023: Exploration of Key Articles across Imaging and Multidisciplinary Journals.

In this review, the authors examine recent advancements in noninvasive cardiac imaging, focusing on cardiac CT, MRI, and PET, reviewing key publications from imaging and multidisciplinary journals from 2023. The authors discuss the increasing adoption of photon-counting CT and its applications in coronary and structural imaging, and explore various aspects of plaque and functional assessment, emphasizing their clinical implications. Radiation exposure analysis from the SCOT-HEART (Scottish Computed Tomography of the Heart) trial is also discussed.

Time to surgery for acute uncomplicated appendicitis in an adult university teaching hospital.

Aims: Both patient and hospital-related factors determine the timing of appendicectomy for acute uncomplicated appendicitis. Recent literature suggests appendicectomy more than 24 h after hospital admission is associated with increased morbidity in adults. Current guidelines from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) recommend surgery within this timeframe to reduce the risk of complications.

Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Expanding Cornerstone of Care in the Era of Immunotherapy.

Liver transplantation (LT) has been accepted as a cornerstone of care in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for almost three decades. In recent years, its role has been evolving to include patients with disease burden beyond the widely used Milan criteria. The integration of dynamic biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein together with downstaging approaches and tumor evolution after enlistment has allowed the selection of patients most likely to benefit, resulting in 5-year survival rates greater that 70%.

Cervical spine positioning patterns amongst hand surgeons: A critical analysis of surgical posture.

Aim: This study aims to assess the cervical spine positioning of consultant and trainee hand surgeons during standardised hand surgeries, focusing on the prevalence of sustained end-range postures, particularly cervical spine flexion.

Background: Surgeons often perform procedures that require maintenance of sustained postures for prolonged periods of time. Hand surgeons may be at increased risk of sustained end of range postures, particularly cervical spine flexion.

Unraveling the mysteries of parsonage turner syndrome: A journey towards optimal management. A systematic review.

Aims: Parsonage Turner Syndrome (PTS) is a peripheral neuropathy manifesting as sudden onset pain, muscle weakness, and atrophy. This review aims to analyse long-term outcomes reported in adult patients with PTS, and establish an optimised management approach.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library.

Metformin for the Prevention of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: Guideline Development and Consensus Validation.

Background: Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in people with severe mental illness (SMI). Antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is one of the most commonly reported and distressing side effects of treatment and people living with SMI place a high value on the avoidance of this side effect. Metformin is the most effective pharmacological intervention studied for the prevention of AIWG yet clear guidelines are lacking and evidence has not translated into practice.