Disparities in kidney care in vulnerable populations: A multinational study from the ISN-GKHA.

Vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, displaced people, and refugees, often encounter challenges in accessing healthcare. In this study, we used data from the third iteration of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) to describe kidney care access and delivery to vulnerable populations across countries and regions. Using data from an international survey of clinicians, policymakers, and patient advocates, we assessed the funding and coverage of vulnerable populations on all aspects of kidney replacement therapies (KRT).

Factors influencing confidence in tracheal intubation among neonatal trainees: A questionnaire-based study.

Aim: Tracheal intubation (TI) is pivotal in managing critically ill neonates. This study aims to investigate the disparities in exposure and training techniques that affect self-perceived confidence in neonatal fellows concerning TI.

Methods: A comprehensive, structured questionnaire-based survey was conducted among neonatal trainees from October to November 2022.

The Oral Bioavailability of Vitamin B at Different Doses in Healthy Indian Adults.

Background/objectives: The bioavailability of crystalline vitamin B (B) through active absorption is reported to have a maximum capacity of 1.5-2.5 µg per dose.

The application of machine learning for treatment selection of unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: A secondary analysis of the ARUBA trial data.

Objective: To build a supervised machine learning (ML) model that selects the best first-line treatment strategy for unruptured bAVMs.

Methods: A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations (ARUBA) trial data was obtained from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). A team of five clinicians examined the demographic, clinical, and radiological details of each patient at baseline and reached a consensus on the best first-line treatment for bAVMs.

Evaluating the predictive efficacy of the El-Ganzouri risk index for difficult laryngoscopy and intubation with King Vision video laryngoscope: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: El-Ganzouri risk index (EGRI) scoring is a predictive tool for difficult video laryngoscope (VL) guided tracheal intubation, and its use has been studied for various VLs. This study evaluates the predictive value of EGRI scoring for difficult laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation with King Vision VL.

Methods: Airway assessment was performed preinduction using the EGRI score.

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome with cystic dilation of the cochlea and hypoplastic modiolus: a case report.

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by various systemic manifestations, including sensorineural hearing loss. We present a unique case of a 3.5-year-old girl with genetically confirmed Johanson-Blizzard syndrome, who exhibited typical features alongside rare radiological findings of cystic dilation of the cochlea and hypoplastic modiolus.

International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Clinical Practice Guideline for Treatment of Congenital Haemophilia-A Critical Appraisal.

Introduction: Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines drive optimal patient care and facilitate access to high-quality treatment. Creating guidelines for rare diseases such as haemophilia, where evidence does not often come from randomized controlled trials but from non-randomized and well-designed observational studies and real-world data, is challenging. The methodology used for assessing available evidence should consider this critical fact.

Postnatal growth of etiologically characterized preterm newborns according to gestational age at birth.

Objective: To examine the relationship between etiologically-based preterm birth sub-groups and early postnatal growth according to gestational age at birth.

Methods: Prospective, multinational, cohort study involving 15 hospitals that monitored preterm newborns to hospital discharge. Measures/exposures: maternal demographics; etiologically-based preterm birth sub-groups; very, moderate and late preterm categories, and feeding.

Retrospective Assessment of Post-Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Complications in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients: Impact of Acute Urinary Retention.

Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common urological condition affecting older men, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and complications such as acute urinary retention (AUR), which can significantly impact quality of life. This study aims at comparing the postoperative outcomes and complication rates of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in BPH patients with and without AUR. By examining the differences in postoperative outcomes, the study seeks to highlight the impact of AUR on complications such as UTIs, prolonged catheterization, and extended hospital stays, and assess the potential clinical implications for improving treatment strategies in these patients.

Total colonic aganglionosis: management and long-term outcomes at a referral centre.

Objectives: The management of total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) in low-middle income countries (LMIC) is challenging. We aimed to analyze the profile, management, and outcome of patients with TCA at an Indian referral centre.

Methods: A retrospective review of demography, presentation, investigations, and treatment of patients with TCA at a single centre over 22 years with a standardized protocol is detailed.

Development of a Scoring Model to Predict Severe Dengue in Children at Admission in the Emergency Care: An Observational Study.

Objective: Dengue has emerged as the most widely spread mosquito-borne disease, hyperendemic in India. Although severe dengue occurs only in a small proportion of cases, delays in the recognition and management can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Risk stratification of children in the emergency care and identifying those at risk for worsening during hospital stay facilitates optimum utilization of health care resources.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Peroneus Longus Tendon as an Autograft for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Indian Female Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are prevalent, especially among active individuals, and are increasingly observed even in Indian women who are not active in sports. ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is commonly performed using various graft options, but optimal choices for women remain debated. The aim of our study was to examine the use of the peroneus longus tendon as an autograft for ACLR in Indian female patients.

Non-COVID Admissions to the ICU After COVID Vaccination: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: The vaccination drive for COVID-19 was launched in India after the authorization of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (Covishield), an adenoviral vector vaccine, and BBV152 COVID-19 (Covaxin), an inactivated virus vaccine. As stated by the CDC, vaccine-related adverse events can happen. In this study, we aimed to assess the timing of the COVID vaccination and admission diagnosis and their effect on ICU mortality.

A Global Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 100 Most Cited Articles on Early Thoracotomy and Decortication in Pleural Empyema.

Most pleural empyema cases are linked to pneumonia, a substantial fraction of patients present with empyema without any association to pneumonia. The occurrence of empyema caused by tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in regions where TB is prevalent. In May 2024, a bibliometric analysis was conducted involving the screening of 7,620 articles sourced from Google Scholar.

Evaluating Prostate Cancer: The Diagnostic Impact of MRI and Its Relationship With Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)-Guided Biopsy.

Background Prostate disorders, including benign enlargement and malignancy, are commonly evaluated through imaging techniques. Historically, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) has been used for prostate imaging and biopsy. However, multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), which integrates structural and functional imaging methods, offers enhanced diagnostic capabilities.