Changes in practice of less-invasive surfactant administration (LISA) in United Kingdom neonatal units.

Aim: To determine whether the use of less-invasive surfactant administration (LISA) had changed between 2018 and 2024.

Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to all 191 neonatal units between June 2023 and May 2024. One consultant from each neonatal unit was randomly selected.

1-year health outcomes associated with systemic corticosteroids for COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring supplemental oxygen, dexamethasone reduces acute severity and improves survival, but longer-term effects are unknown. We hypothesised that systemic corticosteroid administration during acute COVID-19 would be associated with improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) 1 year after discharge.

Methods: Adults admitted to hospital between February 2020 and March 2021 for COVID-19 and meeting current guideline recommendations for dexamethasone treatment were included using two prospective UK cohort studies (Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium).

The effect of combined malnutrition and obesity on trauma and orthopaedic surgery outcomes.

Aims: To determine whether obesity and malnutrition have a synergistic effect on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.

Methods: Electronic databases including MEDLINE, Global Health, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PEDRo were searched up to 14 April 2024, as well as conference proceedings and the reference lists of included studies. Studies were appraised using tools according to study design, including the Oxford Levels of Evidence, the Institute of Health Economics case series quality appraisal checklist, and the CLARITY checklist for cohort studies.

The management of idiopathic toe walking.

Aims: The aim of this study was to gain a consensus for best practice of the assessment and management of children with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) in order to provide a benchmark for practitioners and guide the best consistent care.

Methods: An established Delphi approach with predetermined steps and degree of agreement based on a standardized protocol was used to determine consensus. The steering group members and Delphi survey participants included members from the British Society of Children's Orthopaedic Surgery (BSCOS) and the Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapists (APCP).

A qualitative study of preoperative anxiety in orthognathic patients: The patient perspective.

Introduction: Increased preoperative anxiety may have an adverse impact on the patient experience. This qualitative study therefore aimed to explore those factors affecting anxiety in the approach to orthognathic surgery.

Methods: A total of 28 orthognathic patients who had completed their presurgical orthodontic treatment and were within 8 weeks before their surgery underwent one-to-one in-depth interviews.

Post-Pandemic Maternity Care Planning for Vaccination: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Women, Partners, Health Care Professionals, and Policy Makers in the United Kingdom.

Maternal vaccination during pregnancy, in general and against COVID-19 infection, offers protection to both mother and baby, but uptake remains suboptimal. This study aimed to explore the perceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy, particularly for marginalised populations and those living with social or medical complexity. A total of 96 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 women, 15 partners, 21 HCPs, and 20 policy makers, across all four nations of the United Kingdom (UK), discussing their lived experience of utilising, delivering, or developing policy for COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy during the pandemic.

Postnatal outcome of fetal cortical malformations: systematic review.

Objective: Parental counseling for fetal malformations of cortical development (MCD) is based on data from studies in children and adults undergoing imaging investigation for abnormal neurodevelopment. However, such postnatal findings may not be applicable to prenatally diagnosed cases. The aim of this study was to review the existing data on postnatal neurodevelopmental outcome for fetuses diagnosed with MCD.

Ethnicity in neuro-oncology research: How are we doing and how can we do better?

Purpose: This study systematically reviews and meta-analyses the extent of ethnic minority representation in neuro-oncology Phase III and IV clinical trials, explores the effect of ethnicity on outcomes, and identifies predictors for the inclusion of ethnicity data in publications.

Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases, on Phase III and IV trials in neuro-oncology that reported on adult and/or paediatric subjects. Through meta-analysis, we synthesized information on overall survival, event-free survival, and the incidence of adverse outcomes across ethnicities.

'I Live With Lynch. Cancer Worry Ebbs Into the Background, Then Something Brings It to the Fore.' A Qualitative Interview Study Exploring How Lynch Syndrome Carriers Make Sense of Their Cancer Risks and Implications to Support Decision Making.

Background: Lynch syndrome carriers ('carriers') are presented with complex, emotionally laden choices regarding management of increased genetic cancer risks. Decision aids encourage active involvement in values-based health decisions. This paper aimed to address the research question: How do Lynch syndrome carriers make sense of their chances of developing cancer, and what are the implications for providing support with decision making about genetic cancer risk management?

Methods: Adult carriers were recruited through a genetics service or involvement with Lynch Syndrome UK.

National introduction of one-anastomosis gastric bypass in the UK National Bariatric Surgery Registry: a cohort study.

Aim: There is a paucity of evidence regarding the national introduction of newer bariatric metabolic surgery procedures. This study assessed the impact of introducing one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) in bariatric surgical practice in the UK on 30-day postoperative morbidity and early postoperative weight loss.

Methods: Patients who underwent primary BMS in the UK National Bariatric Surgical Registry (2010-2019) were identified.

Differences in Factors Associated With Preterm and Term Stillbirth: A Secondary Cohort Analysis of the DESiGN Trial.

Objective: To identify whether maternal and pregnancy characteristics associated with stillbirth differ between preterm and term stillbirth.

Design: Secondary cohort analysis of the DESiGN RCT.

Setting: Thirteen UK maternity units.

Genetic testing in dementia.

There is growing public awareness and concern regarding dementia risk. In addition, genetic testing is increasingly accessible and is at the point of being integrated into routine clinical practice. As a result, there is a pressing need for treating clinicians to have the appropriate knowledge base to request and consent for diagnostic genetic testing in cognitive clinics.