Bone morphogenic protein: an elixir for bone grafting--a review.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional growth factors that belong to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. This literature review focuses on the molecular biology of BMPs, their mechanism of action, and subsequent applications. It also discusses uses of BMPs in the fields of dentistry and orthopedics, research on methods of delivering BMPs, and their role in tissue regeneration.

A Case of Isolated Duodenal Varices Secondary to Chronic Pancreatitis with Review of Literature.

An unusual case of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to an isolated varix involving the 2nd part of the duodenum is presented here. The varix was the result of Chronic Pancreatitis induced the superior mesenteric vein obstruction. The diagnosis was made preoperatively by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and selective mesenteric angiogram.

Long-term outcomes of office-based buprenorphine/naloxone maintenance therapy.

Background: Buprenorphine/naloxone was approved by the FDA for office-based opioid maintenance therapy (OMT), with little long-term follow-up data from actual office-based practice. 18-Month outcome data on the office-based use of buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nx) and the impact of socioeconomic status and other patient characteristics on the duration and clinical effects of bup/nx are reported.

Methods: This retrospective chart review and cross-sectional telephone interview provide treatment retention of opioid-dependent patients receiving bup/nx-OMT in an office-based setting.

Resection and reconstruction of an osteochondroma of the hallux: a review of benign bone tumors and a description of an unusual case.

Unlabelled: Osteochondroma, which is also known as exostosis, is the most common benign bone tumor. Although foot and hand surgeons frequently encounter the subungual exostosis, exostoses commonly localize to other areas of the skeleton as well. In this review, we describe the clinical and diagnostic imaging characteristics of benign bone tumors and, in particular, the osteochondroma and its surgical management.

A review of osteochondral lesions of the talus.

This article provides an in-depth overview of the most current information.

Artificial manipulation of voice in the human by an implanted stimulator.

Objectives/hypothesis: Traditional approaches influencing voice quality (e.g., anatomical and chemical denervation for spasmodic dysphonia, surgical medialization for paralysis) have ignored the dynamic nature of the larynx.

Applying the socio-ecological model to improving fruit and vegetable intake among low-income African Americans.

Despite the growing body of literature that provides evidence of the health benefits of a diet high in fruits and vegetables, most Americans eat much less than the recommended amounts of this food group. Among those who are least likely to meet the USDA guidelines for the recommended daily servings of fruits and vegetables are non-Hispanic Blacks and individuals with lower incomes. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the dietary behaviors, focusing on fruit and vegetable intake, of low-income African Americans from a socio-ecological perspective, and to offer rationale for and guidance on integrating socio-ecological concepts into health promoting programs intended to improve dietary behaviors among this population.

Infection and neuroarthropathy: the utility of C-reactive protein as a screening tool in the Charcot foot.

Background: C-reactive protein is an acute-phase reactant used for the detection of inflammatory changes associated with infection and tissue necrosis. It may be helpful in determining the presence or absence of infection associated with Charcot's neuroarthropathy.

Methods: In this study, C-reactive protein concentration was measured in seven patients with clinical features suggestive of an active Charcot joint.

A compression force comparison study among three staple fixation systems.

Traditional staples have recently been redesigned with both new materials and engineering techniques to facilitate interfragmentary compression in theory, resulting in greater friction between bone fragments to counteract shearing forces. In the current study, the biomechanical properties of 3 different staples were investigated. The interfacial force at 2 different sites within a calcaneal bone model was measured after insertion and activation of the OSStaple, the UNI-CLIP, and the Smith and Nephew Standard Large Staple after precompression with the SYNTHES Small Distractor.

Syme's amputation: a retrospective review of 10 cases.

Amputation at the level of the ankle joint is a valuable, yet underused procedure for a variety of conditions affecting the foot and ankle. The procedure can provide a comfortable and durable stump that allows a lower extremity amputee to function with minimal disability. The indications, surgical technique, and postoperative prosthetic considerations are reviewed and discussed.

Arteriovenous malformation of the foot: a case presentation.

Arteriovenous malformations have been reported as rare clinical entities in the foot. When these lesions present, they are most often found in the brain, lungs, and pelvis/thigh of the lower extremity and develop as a result of failed fetal vascular development. Arteriovenous malformations can present with a variety of dermatologic and osseous manifestations.

Usefulness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to inhibit restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris.

The purpose of this trial was to assess whether the addition of hyperbaric oxygen to percutaneous coronary intervention can reduce clinical restenosis. Major adverse cardiac events at 8 months were found in only 1 of 24 patients (4%) who received hyperbaric oxygen compared with 13 of 37 patients (35%) who did not.

First metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis.

First MTP joint arthrodesis continues to be a time-honored, effective, and valuable procedure as a primary or secondary surgery for various pathologies afflicting the first ray segment. Though commonly thought of as a salvage procedure, it has proven beneficial in the management of primary hallux limitus and rigidus, geriatric hallux valgus deformity, severe arthritis of any etiology, and conditions in which joint instability or deformity are not readily correctable by more traditional approaches. Since its initial description in the 1800s, the procedure has continued to be popular among orthopedic and podiatric surgeons.

Techniques of digital arthrodesis: revisiting the old and discovering the new.

Digital surgery is commonplace for foot and ankle surgeons. The techniques of arthrodesis are more exacting and complex than techniques of arthroplasty. They are generally performed in cases of more severe deformity or underlying biomechanical abnormalities, which strongly influence the development and propagation of the deformity.

Superior vena cava syndrome secondary to saphenous venous graft aneurysm with right atrial fistula.

Mega-aneurysms of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) to coronary arteries are rare complications of bypass surgery. We report the development of superior vena cava syndrome secondary to an SVG mega-aneurysm with concomitant fistulous communication to the right atrium. Successful treatment was achieved by coil embolization and chronic anticoagulation.

Intraosseous lipoma of the calcaneus: a review and report of four cases.

Intraosseous lipomas have been reported as rare tumors in the lower extremity. They have been identified in the tibia, fibula, metatarsals, and calcaneus. They are frequently misdiagnosed as other tumors, especially unicameral bone cysts or aneutysmal bone cysts when found within the calcaneus.