Increased survival of patients treated with a vaccinia melanoma oncolysate vaccine: second interim analysis of data from a phase III, multi-institutional trial.

Objective: The efficacy of vaccinia melanoma oncolysate (VMO) vaccine to increase overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with surgically resected International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stage II melanoma was studied in a phase III, randomized, multi-institutional trial.

Summary Background Data: Phase I and II trials with VMO showed minimal toxicity and clinical efficacy in patients with melanoma. In a recently completed phase III VMO trial, the first interim analysis performed in April 1994 showed an increasing trend in the survival of patients treated with VMO.

Comparison of the induction of endotoxin tolerance in endotoxemia and peritonitis by monophosphoryl lipid A and lipopolysaccharide.

We compared the induction of endotoxin tolerance with Salmonella minnesota monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a nontoxic derivative of lipid A, and S. minnesota endotoxin (LPS) in lethal endotoxemia and peritonitis. Lethal endotoxemia was induced by injecting 750 micrograms/mouse LPS intravenously.