Cardiac arrhythmia assessment with patch electrocardiogram versus insertable cardiac monitor: a cohort study in endurance athletes with atrial fibrillation.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of ECG recordings and the concordance between the automatic detection of cardiac arrhythmia episodes by a patch ECG and an insertable cardiac monitor.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Endurance athletes diagnosed with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) and no other relevant comorbidities participating in a randomised controlled trial on the effects of training adaption.

Surgery for intestinal injuries in very preterm infants: a Norwegian population-based study with a new approach to disease classification.

Objective: To evaluate population-based data on very preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation) operated for intestinal injuries, focusing on necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation (FIP).

Design: Nationwide, population-based registry cohort study.

Setting: All 21 neonatal units in Norway.

Undiagnosed Celiac Disease and Periodontal Bone Loss: A Cross-Sectional Radiological Assessment from the HUNT Study.

Objective: The objective was to assess radiographic periodontal bone loss in a population with previously undiagnosed celiac disease, and to compare it to a reference group without celiac disease.

Background: Periodontitis and celiac disease are chronic inflammatory diseases with possible similar features related to immune reactions and microbial dysbiosis. The relationship between these two diseases is not clear.

Thrombolytic Treatment in Wake-Up Stroke: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Treatment Effectiveness in the Norwegian Stroke Registry.

Background: Previous clinical trials found improved outcome of thrombolytic treatment in patients with ischemic wake-up stroke (WUS) selected by advanced imaging techniques. The authors assessed the effectiveness of thrombolytic treatment in patients with WUS in a nationwide stroke registry.

Methods And Results: Using propensity score matching, the authors assessed the effectiveness and safety of thrombolytic treatment versus no thrombolytic treatment in 726 patients (363 matched pairs) with WUS in the Norwegian Stroke Registry in 2014 to 2019.

The central role of gastrin in gastric cancer.

The prevalence of gastric cancer has markedly declined, but due to the high mortality rates associated with gastric cancer, it is still a serious disease. The preferred classification of gastric cancer is according to Lauren into either the intestinal type, which has a glandular growth pattern, or the diffuse type, which does not have glandular structures. Both types have been classified as adenocarcinomas, with the latter type based on periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positivity presumed to reflect mucin.

Positioning for lumbar puncture in newborn infants.

Background: Lumbar puncture is a common invasive procedure performed in newborns for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Approximately one in two lumbar punctures fail, resulting in both short- and long-term negative consequences for the clinical management of patients. The most common positions used to perform lumbar puncture are the lateral decubitus and sitting position, and each can impact the success rate and safety of the procedure.

PD-L1 protein expression in breast cancer.

Aims: The immune checkpoint marker, Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is expressed by both cancer epithelial cells and tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) thus constituting a potential target for immunotherapy. This is of particular interest in triple negative breast cancer. In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in tumour epithelial cells and TICs in a series of patients with breast cancer with long-term follow-up, and associations between PD-L1 expression and histopathological type and grade, proliferation and molecular subtype.

Treatment of Liver Metastases With Focused Ultrasound and Microbubbles in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy.

Objective: Pre-clinical trials have obtained promising results that focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles (MBs) increases tumor uptake and the therapeutic effect of drugs. The aims of the study described here were to investigate whether FUS and MBs could improve the effect of chemotherapy in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer and to investigate the safety and feasibility of using FUS + MBs.

Methods: We included 17 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer, selected two lesions in each patient's liver and randomized the lesions for, respectively, treatment with FUS + MBs or control.

Ultrasound and Microbubbles Increase the Uptake of Platinum in Murine Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumors.

Objective: Currently available cytotoxic treatments have limited effect on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) because desmoplastic stroma limits drug delivery. Efforts have been made to overcome these barriers by drug targeting the tumor microenvironment. Results so far are promising, but without clinical impact.

The ileal fungal microbiota is altered in Crohn's disease and is associated with the disease course.

Introduction: Fungal microbiota's involvement in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) is incompletely understood. The terminal ileum is a predilection site both for primary involvement and recurrences of CD. We, therefore, assessed the mucosa-associated mycobiota in the inflamed and non-inflamed ileum in patients with CD.

Low-voltage electrical accidents, immediate reactions and acute health care associated with self-reported general health 4 years later.

Background And Aims: Electricians frequently experience low-voltage electrical accidents. Some such accidents involve long-term negative health consequences. Early identification of victims at risk for long-term injury may improve acute medical treatment and long-term follow-up.

Gastritis, Gastric Polyps and Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is still an important disease causing many deaths worldwide, although there has been a marked reduction in prevalence during the last few decades. The decline in gastric cancer prevalence is due to a reduction in infection which has occurred for at least 50 years. The most probable mechanism for the carcinogenic effect of is hypergastrinemia since infected individuals do not have increased risk of gastric cancer before the development of oxyntic atrophy.

Survival and disease recurrence in patients operated for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors at a referral hospital.

Background And Objectives: Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are slow growing but have frequently metastasized at the time of diagnosis. Most patients are operated with either curative intent or with intent to prolong overall survival. In the current study we have examined overall and disease-free survival in patients operated for SI-NETs.

Post-mortem toxicological analyses of blood samples from 107 patients receiving opioid agonist treatment: substances detected and pooled opioid and benzodiazepine concentrations.

Aims: To present the substances and their concentrations detected post-mortem in patients receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) stratified by cause of death, estimate the pooled opioid and benzodiazepine concentrations using established conversion factors for blood concentrations from the Norwegian Road Traffic Act, and explore the association between drug-induced cause of death and the pooled opioid and benzodiazepine concentrations.

Design: Cross-sectional nationwide study.

Setting: Norway.

Novel Insights Into the Effects of Interleukin 6 Antagonism in Non-ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Employing the SOMAscan Proteomics Platform.

Background Interleukin 6 concentration is associated with myocardial injury, heart failure, and mortality after myocardial infarction. In the Norwegian tocilizumab non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction trial, the first randomized trial of interleukin 6 blockade in myocardial infarction, concentration of both C-reactive protein and troponin T were reduced in the active treatment arm. In this follow-up study, an aptamer-based proteomic approach was employed to discover additional plasma proteins modulated by tocilizumab treatment to gain novel insights into the effects of this therapeutic approach.

The Phylogeny and Biological Function of Gastric Juice-Microbiological Consequences of Removing Gastric Acid.

Gastric juice is a unique combination of hydrochloric acid (HCl), lipase, and pepsin. Acidic gastric juice is found in all vertebrates, and its main function is to inactivate microorganisms. The phylogenetic preservation of this energy-consuming and, at times, hazardous function (acid-related diseases) reflects its biological importance.

Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors-Evidence and Plausibility.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been increasingly used over the last decades and there are concerns about overuse and the numerous reported side-effects. It is uncertain whether associations between PPI use and potential side effects are causal. However, important evidence from experimental and mechanistic studies that could support a causal relationship may have been underestimated by epidemiologists and meta-analysists.

Presenting complaints and mortality in a cohort of 22 000 adult emergency patients at a local hospital in Nepal.

Background: There is a need to develop sustainable emergency health care systems in low-resource settings, but data that analyses emergency health care needs in these settings are scarce. We aimed at assessing presenting complaints (PCs) and post-discharge mortality in a large emergency department population in Nepal.

Methods: Characteristics of adult patients who entered the emergency department (ED) in a hospital in Nepal were prospectively recorded in the local emergency registry from September 2013 until December 2016.

Hepatic micrometastases outside macrometastases are present in all patients with ileal neuroendocrine primary tumour at the time of liver resection.

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) in the ileum grow slowly but metastasise to the liver at an early stage. After resection of the primary tumour and mesenteric lymph nodes, selected patients with liver metastases have been operated with curative intention. Recurrence-free survival seems low, suggesting that micrometastases are present in the liver at the time of surgery.

Description of chest pain patients in a Norwegian emergency department.

Objectives: Chest pain is one of the most frequent chief complaints in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). No study has evaluated this patient population in Norway. The aim of the present study was to describe the diagnoses and logistics of chest pain patients admitted to the ED at a Norwegian university hospital.

Prevalence and associated factors of domestic violence among pregnant women attending routine antenatal care in Nepal.

Aims: The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) and its associated factors among pregnant women in Nepal. The secondary aims were to investigate disclosure of DV by women to health-care personnel and to assess whether health-care personnel had asked women about their experience of DV.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2004 pregnant women between 12 and 28 weeks of gestation attending routine antenatal care at two hospitals in Nepal from August 2014 to November 2015.

A cross-sectional study examining the prevalence of cachexia and areas of unmet need in patients with cancer.

Purpose: The semantics of defining cancer cachexia over the last decade has resulted in uncertainty as to the prevalence. This has further hindered the recognition and subsequent treatment of this condition. Following the consensus definition for cancer cachexia in 2011, there is now a need to establish estimates of prevalence.