Use of Wing Geometric Morphometric Analysis and mtDNA to Identify Africanization of in the Central Highlands of Ecuador.

Seventy-five samples were collected from 15 beehives in the central highlands of Ecuador (Tungurahua-Chimborazo) to assess Africanization in managed bee populations using wing geometric morphometric and mitochondrial DNA analyses. The results indicated that when grouping the apiaries based on altitudinal floors into 2600-2800, 2801-3000, and 3001-3274 m above sea level, differences ( < 0.001) were observed.