Clinical and radiologic 2-4-year results of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis grades 1 and 2.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic result of the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) as an alternative new technique in degenerative and isthmic lower grade spondylolisthesis.

Summary Of Background Data: TLIF is a new alternative surgical technique used for spinal fusion avoiding the ventral approach and can theoretically prevent typical complications, such as those seen in anterior and posterior lumbar interbody fusion.

Balloon mitral valvotomy after surgical commissurotomy: clinical and hemodynamic results of a large, single-center study.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Patients with restenosis after open or closed surgical commissurotomy (SC) often demonstrate more severe valve degeneration than patients without prior surgery. This may affect the result of balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV) in this patient group.

Methods: The immediate- and long-term results (maximum 106 months; mean 26 months) of BMV with the Inoue balloon in patients with prior SC were compared with findings in patients without prior surgery.

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In this survey 16 cases were analysed where members of the Health Service repeatedly committed homicides of patients in hospitals and nursing-homes. The data were selected from legal documents and publications. The object was to receive detailed information about the victims, the offenders and the places where the crimes were committed.