Baseline characteristics of the North American prodromal Synucleinopathy cohort.

Objective: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is widely considered a prodromal synucleinopathy, as most with RBD develop overt synucleinopathy within ~10 years. Accordingly, RBD offers an opportunity to test potential treatments at the earliest stages of synucleinopathy. The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy (NAPS) Consortium has created a multisite RBD participant, primarily clinic-based cohort to better understand characteristics at diagnosis, and in future work, identify predictors of phenoconversion, develop synucleinopathy biomarkers, and enable early stage clinical trial enrollment.

Report of the 2022 Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Practice Survey.

Background: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Workforce on Congenital Surgery performed a practice survey to analyze contemporary data.

Methods: An electronic survey was sent to congenital heart surgeons in North America. Details on demographics, training paradigm, clinical practice, and work satisfaction were queried, tabulated, and analyzed.

Clinical considerations for the diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia.

Idiopathic hypersomnia is a sleep disorder of neurologic origin characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, with sleep inertia, long, unrefreshing naps, and prolonged nighttime sleep being key symptoms in many patients. Idiopathic hypersomnia is described in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd Edition as a central disorder of hypersomnolence with distinct clinical features and diagnostic criteria; however, confirming the diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia is often challenging. Diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia is based on objective sleep testing and the presence of associated clinical features but may be difficult for clinicians to recognize and correctly diagnose because of its low prevalence, clinical heterogeneity, and symptoms, which are similar to those of other sleep disorders.

Variation in survival in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A multi-institutional analysis of 594 consecutive patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at 49 hospitals within 21 states.

Objectives: We reviewed 594 consecutive patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at 49 hospitals within 21 states and examined patient characteristics, treatments, and variation in outcomes over the course of the pandemic.

Methods: A multi-institutional database was used to assess all patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 cannulated for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation between March 17, 2020, and December 20, 2021, inclusive, and separated from ECMO on or prior to January 14, 2022. Descriptive analysis was stratified by 4 time categories: group A = March 2020 to June 2020, group B = July 2020 to December 2020, group C = January 2021 to June 2021, group D = July 2021 to December 2021.

Ovarian Dermoid Tumor.

Ovarian dermoid cysts are a common benign tumor. Although there is often a genetic component to this abnormality, this report discusses the case of a patient with an ovarian dermoid tumor with no family history of gynecological cancer. The diagnosis, surgical management, and malignancy of ovarian dermoid cysts are discussed.

Variation in Case-Mix Across Hospitals: Analysis of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database.

Background: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Congenital Heart Surgery Database was queried to document variation of patient characteristics, procedure types, and programmatic case-mix.

Methods: All index cardiac operations in patients less than 18 years of age in the STS Congenital Heart Surgery Database (July 2016 to June 2020) were eligible for inclusion except patients weighing ≤2.5 kg undergoing isolated patent ductus arteriosus closure.

Sleepiness in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults Is Associated With CSF Biomarkers of Inflammation and Axonal Integrity.

Introduction: Sleepiness has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly. Older adults with excessive daytime sleepiness appear to be more vulnerable to longitudinal amyloid PET accumulation before the onset of the dementia. However, it remains unclear whether sleepiness is similarly associated with other biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), axonal integrity, and inflammation, which may also contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.

Characteristics and Trends of the Most Cited Publications in .

Background: This study aims to identify the most frequently cited articles published in the () and to analyze the trends in the content and contributors of the literature within the journal.

Methods: The 100 most cited articles published in the were accessed using the Scopus database. The number of citations, year of publication, level of evidence (LOE), article type, country of origin, and contributing institution were each recorded for each article.

Age at surgery and outcomes following neonatal cardiac surgery: An analysis from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium.

Objective: The optimal timing for neonatal cardiac surgery is a potentially modifiable factor that may affect outcomes. We studied the relationship between age at surgery (AAS) and outcomes across multiple hospitals, focusing on neonatal operations where timing appears is not emergency.

Methods: We studied neonates ≥37 weeks' gestation and ≥2.

Electrical brain stimulation and continuous behavioral state tracking in ambulatory humans.

Electrical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Sleep disorders are common in people with epilepsy, and DBS may actually further disturb normal sleep patterns and sleep quality. Novel implantable devices capable of DBS and streaming of continuous intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals enable detailed assessments of therapy efficacy and tracking of sleep related comorbidities.

Liver Disease: Cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis is pathologic scarring of liver tissue that leads to impaired liver function. It can result from any etiology of chronic liver inflammation and causes significant disease burden. Cirrhosis potentially is reversible through management of the cause, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, or alcohol use.

Liver Disease: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a spectrum of fatty infiltration, inflammation, and fibrosis of the liver caused by metabolic factors. It is projected to become the leading cause of cirrhosis and need for liver transplantation in the United States. Guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) do not recommend routine screening of patients at high risk of NAFLD.

Liver Disease: Hepatitis C.

Approximately 4.1 million individuals in the United States have a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) exposure, including 2.5 million with chronic infection.

Liver Disease: Evaluation of Patients With Abnormal Liver Test Results.

The prevalence of abnormal liver test results in the general population is estimated to be between 10% and 20%. The terms or are recommended to describe more accurately the tests used to assess liver health, instead of the term . Defining normal ranges for liver transaminase levels can be challenging.

Video-polysomnography procedures for diagnosis of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and the identification of its prodromal stages: guidelines from the International RBD Study Group.

Video-polysomnography (v-PSG) is essential for diagnosing rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Although there are current American Academy of Sleep Medicine standards to diagnose RBD, several aspects need to be addressed to achieve harmonization across sleep centers. Prodromal RBD is a stage in which symptoms and signs of evolving RBD are present, but do not yet meet established diagnostic criteria for RBD.

Multicentre comparative analysis of long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement in children.

Objective: The ideal valve substitute for surgical intervention of congenital aortic valve disease in children remains unclear. Data on outcomes beyond 10-15 years after valve replacement are limited but important for evaluating substitute longevity. We aimed to describe up to 25-year death/cardiac transplant by type of valve substitute and assess the potential impact of treatment centre.

Teaching residents to prescribe buprenorphine for opioid use disorder: Insights from a community-based residency program.

Introduction: Despite the impact of the opioid overdose crisis on the United States, few physicians are trained to provide treatment with buprenorphine. While research has described some factors contributing to comfort in providing buprenorphine treatment, more research is needed to identify optimal strategies to produce physicians who prescribe this medication.

Methods: A community-based family medicine residency in Massachusetts sought to improve residents' comfort with prescribing buprenorphine by integrating patients treated with buprenorphine directly into resident continuity clinic panels in addition to existing mandatory didactic teaching.

Nomenclature for Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care: Unification of Clinical and Administrative Nomenclature - The 2021 International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).

Substantial progress has been made in the standardization of nomenclature for paediatric and congenital cardiac care. In 1936, Maude Abbott published her Atlas of Congenital Cardiac Disease, which was the first formal attempt to classify congenital heart disease. The International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) is now utilized worldwide and has most recently become the paediatric and congenital cardiac component of the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).

Nomenclature for Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care: Unification of Clinical and Administrative Nomenclature - The 2021 International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).

Substantial progress has been made in the standardization of nomenclature for paediatric and congenital cardiac care. In 1936, Maude Abbott published her Atlas of Congenital Cardiac Disease, which was the first formal attempt to classify congenital heart disease. The International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code () is now utilized worldwide and has most recently become the paediatric and congenital cardiac component of the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).

Time-Related Risk of Pulmonary Conduit Re-replacement: A Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society Study.

Background: Patients receiving a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit (PC) in infancy will require successive procedures or replacements, each with variable longevity. We sought to identify factors associated with time-related risk of a subsequent surgical replacement (PC3) or transcatheter pulmonary valve insertion (TPVI) after a second surgically placed PC (PC2).

Methods: From 2002 to 2016, 630 patients from 29 Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society member institutions survived to discharge after initial valved PC insertion (PC1) at age ≤ 2 years.

Factors associated with mortality or transplantation versus Fontan completion after cavopulmonary shunt for patients with tricuspid atresia.

Objective: Tricuspid atresia with normally related great vessels (TA) is considered the optimal substrate for the Fontan pathway. The factors associated with death or transplantation after cavopulmonary shunt (CPS) are underappreciated. We aimed to determine factors associated with CPS-Fontan interstage death/transplantation versus transition to Fontan in TA.