PI3K/ Akt/ mTOR Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Colorectal Cancer: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.

Background: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Ks) is a member of intracellular lipid kinases and involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival. Overexpression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling has been reported in various forms of cancers, especially in colorectal cancers (CRC). Due to their significant roles in the initiation and progression events of colorectal cancer, they are recognized as a striking therapeutic target.

Toll-like Receptors as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Natural Products Against Chronic Diseases.

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are one among the initial responders of the immune system which participate in the activation inflammatory processes. Several different types of TLR such as TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 have been identified in various cell types, each having distinct ligands like lipids, lipoproteins, nucleic acids and proteins. Though its prime concern is xenobiotic defences, TLR signalling has also recognized as an activator of inflammation and associated development of chronic degenerative disorders (CDDs) including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), fatty liver disease, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders as well as various types of cancers.

Glutathione, an Antioxidant Tripeptide: Dual Roles in Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention.

Glutathione (GSH or reduced glutathione) is a tripeptide of gamma-Glutamyl-cysteinylglycine and the predominant intracellular antioxidant in many organisms including humans. GSH and associated enzymes are controlled by a transcription factor-nuclear factor-2 related erythroid factor-2 (Nrf2). In cellular milieu, GSH protects the cells essentially against a wide variety of free radicals including reactive oxygen species, lipid hydroperoxides, xenobiotic toxicants, and heavy metals.

Crystal structures of two stilbazole derivatives: bis-{()-4-[4-(di-ethyl-amino)-styr-yl]-1-methyl-pyridin-1-ium} tetra-iodido-cadmium(II) and ()-4-[4-(di-ethyl-amino)-styr-yl]-1-methyl-pyridin-1-ium 4-meth-oxy-benzene-sulfonate monohydrate.

The title mol-ecular salts, (CHN)[CdI], (I), and CHN ·CHOS·HO, (II), are stilbazole, or 4-styryl-pyridine, derivatives. The cation, ()-4-[4-(di-ethyl-amino)-styr-yl]-1-methyl-pyridin-1-ium, has a methyl group attached to pyridine ring and a diethyl amine group attached to the benzene ring. The asymmetric unit of salt (I), comprises one cationic mol-ecule and half a CdI dianion.

Comparative Site-Specific N-Glycosylation Analysis of Lactoperoxidase from Buffalo and Goat Milk Using RP-UHPLC-MS/MS Reveals a Distinct Glycan Pattern.

The N-glycan pattern of lactoperoxidase (LPO) from buffalo and goat milk was analyzed with the corresponding site of attachment. The enzyme was purified from whey on cation exchange chromatography, proteolyzed using chymotrypsin, and the resulting (glyco)peptides were directly analyzed on reverse phase ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to ESI-Q-TOF MS in tandem mode. N-Glycans such as high mannose, complex, and hybrid types were identified in buffalo and goat LPO.

Fractionation and Characterization of Lycopene-Oxidation Products by LC-MS/MS (ESI): Elucidation of the Chemopreventative Potency of Oxidized Lycopene in Breast-Cancer Cell Lines.

Lycopene (LYC) has been correlated with the reduction of certain cancers and chronic diseases. However, the existence and biofunctionality of degraded, oxidized, and biotransformed LYC products in vivo have not been revealed. Therefore, this study aimed to screen and elucidate the potential bioactive lycopene-derived products in breast-cancer and non-cancerous cells.

Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite for highly sensitive determination of chloramphenicol in food samples milk, honey and powdered milk.

We have described a hybrid material that consists of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS) coated on functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) for sensitive and selective determination of chloramphenicol (CAP). The MoS/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite was successfully prepared through a hydrothermal process and its structure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The MoS/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite holds excellent electrochemical properties and it displays excellent electrocatalytic ability to CAP.

Crystal structure of 2-cyano-N-(furan-2-ylmeth-yl)-3-(3-nitro-phen-yl)propanamide.

In the title compound, C15H11N3O4, the acetamide group is inclined to the furan ring by 66.5 (1)°. The dihedral angle between the furan ring and the benzene ring is 66.

Erratum: Crystal structure of 2-cyano-N-(furan-2-ylmeth-yl)acetamide. Corrigendum.

The address of one of the authors in the paper by Subhadramma et al. [Acta Cryst. (2015), E71, o455-o456] is corrected.

Iron nanoparticles decorated multi-wall carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrode as an electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of uric acid in the presence of ascorbic acid, dopamine and L-tyrosine.

Iron nanoparticles decorated multi-wall carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrode (Fe-MWCNTs/MCPE) was prepared by bulk-modification method. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) suggests least charge transfer resistance at the modified electrode. The electrochemical behavior of UA was studied in 0.

Crystal structure of 2-cyano-N-(furan-2-ylmeth-yl)acetamide.

In the title compound, C8H8N2O2, the acetamide unit is inclined to the furan ring by 76.7 (1)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(4) chains along [100].

Growth, structure, spectral and optical properties of semiorganic crystal: Pyridine-1-ium-2-carboxylatehydrogenbromide.

Pyridine-1-ium-2-carboxylatehydrogenbromide (PHBr) crystal was grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation method. The calculated lattice parameters of single crystal X-ray diffraction have shown the triclinic crystal system with centrosymmetric space group of Pī. The interaction of functional groups and their importance in their application was identified by FTIR spectral analysis.

Does the maternal micronutrient deficiency (copper or zinc or vitamin E) modulate the expression of placental 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 per se predispose offspring to insulin resistance and hypertension in later life?

The relevance of maternal macronutrient deficiency on developmental origin of health and adult disorders has been well studied but not that of micronutrients. We hypothesized that chronic maternal dietary mineral (copper or zinc) or vitamin E restriction modulates the expression of placental 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 (11 beta HSD-2) per se predisposing the offspring to insulin resistance (IR) and hypertension in later life. Female weaning Swiss albino mice received a control or a 50% of Vitamin-E or Zn or Cu restricted diet and mated with control males.

Anti-bacterial activity of Euphorbia fusiformis--a rare medicinal herb.

Euphorbia fusiformis Buch.-Ham. ex.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF STEM EXTRACTS OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA (Willd) Hook. f & Thomson.

The antibacterial activity of the aqueous, ethanol and chloroform extracts from the stems of Tinospora cordifolia  was studied using disc diffusion method against Escherichia coil, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter faecalis, Salmonella typhi (Gram-negative), Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcesenses (Gram-positive). Results suggest that the ethanolic extract has significant antibacterial activity against tested bacteria. The present study justifies the claimed uses of Tinospora cordifolia  in the traditional system of medicine to treat various infectious diseases.