Disparities in kidney care in vulnerable populations: A multinational study from the ISN-GKHA.

Vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, displaced people, and refugees, often encounter challenges in accessing healthcare. In this study, we used data from the third iteration of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) to describe kidney care access and delivery to vulnerable populations across countries and regions. Using data from an international survey of clinicians, policymakers, and patient advocates, we assessed the funding and coverage of vulnerable populations on all aspects of kidney replacement therapies (KRT).

Sonographic Assessment of Isthmocele and Its Obstetric Complications in Subsequent Pregnancies: A Pictorial Review.

Cesarean scar defect represents a significant pathology attributed to the rising prevalence of cesarean deliveries. While not commonplace, these lesions can give rise to severe obstetric consequences during subsequent pregnancies. Given the potential complications, it is advisable to screen for uterine niches using transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) or contrast-enhanced TVUS for individuals planning to conceive.

Factors influencing confidence in tracheal intubation among neonatal trainees: A questionnaire-based study.

Aim: Tracheal intubation (TI) is pivotal in managing critically ill neonates. This study aims to investigate the disparities in exposure and training techniques that affect self-perceived confidence in neonatal fellows concerning TI.

Methods: A comprehensive, structured questionnaire-based survey was conducted among neonatal trainees from October to November 2022.

The Oral Bioavailability of Vitamin B at Different Doses in Healthy Indian Adults.

Background/objectives: The bioavailability of crystalline vitamin B (B) through active absorption is reported to have a maximum capacity of 1.5-2.5 µg per dose.

Unusual Presentation of Conidiobolomycosis.

A 31-year-old gentleman, hailing from West Bengal, a farmer by occupation, with no known prior comorbidities, presented with a history of multiple painful swellings over the abdomen, thorax (back and front), and suprapubic region of 6 months' duration. The swelling started in the abdomen and subsequently involved the thorax. It also progressively increased in size over the 6 months.

Conventional Synthetic Disease-modifying Drugs Remain the Mainstay of Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis in India.

Background: There are limited data on the real-world utilization of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in Indian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a multicentric observational cohort of RA patients across rheumatology clinics at six centers across India. Patients who met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 criteria for RA were included.

The application of machine learning for treatment selection of unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: A secondary analysis of the ARUBA trial data.

Objective: To build a supervised machine learning (ML) model that selects the best first-line treatment strategy for unruptured bAVMs.

Methods: A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations (ARUBA) trial data was obtained from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). A team of five clinicians examined the demographic, clinical, and radiological details of each patient at baseline and reached a consensus on the best first-line treatment for bAVMs.

Nutrition Paradox: Severe Acute Malnutrition Amidst the Proliferation of Processed Foods in Bilaspur's Tribal Region in Chhattisgarh, India.

Despite India's overall economic growth and targeted antimalnutrition efforts, certain districts in Chhattisgarh, exhibit high severe acute malnutrition (SAM) rates, at 17.4% in 2022 per NFHS-5 data. We retrospectively studied four SAM-affected children, finding common factors: maternal malnutrition, poverty, recurrent infections, poor child-rearing knowledge, inadequate birth spacing, and the use and dependence on processed foods.

Modifiable risk factors for dementia in India: A cross-sectional study revisiting estimates and reassessing prevention potential and priorities.

Background: About 16% of worldwide dementia cases are in India. Evaluating the prospects for dementia prevention in India requires knowledge of context-specific risk factors, as relationships between risk factors and dementia observed in high-income countries (HICs) may not apply.

Methods: We computed population attributable fractions (PAFs) for dementia in India by estimating associations between risk factors and dementia, their prevalence and communality, within the same nationally representative sample of 4,096 Indians aged 60 and older, surveyed through the Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD).

Evaluating the predictive efficacy of the El-Ganzouri risk index for difficult laryngoscopy and intubation with King Vision video laryngoscope: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: El-Ganzouri risk index (EGRI) scoring is a predictive tool for difficult video laryngoscope (VL) guided tracheal intubation, and its use has been studied for various VLs. This study evaluates the predictive value of EGRI scoring for difficult laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation with King Vision VL.

Methods: Airway assessment was performed preinduction using the EGRI score.

Correlation of Trichoscopic Findings with Severity in Androgenetic Alopecia.

Background: Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) refers to the appearance of common non-scarring progressive loss of terminal hair. Trichoscopy shows a magnified view of the hair shafts and hair follicle openings and helps us to diagnose, prognosticate and determine the disease severity.

Aims: The aim of the study was to identify the trichoscopic findings in patients with androgenetic alopecia and associate these findings with disease severity.

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome with cystic dilation of the cochlea and hypoplastic modiolus: a case report.

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by various systemic manifestations, including sensorineural hearing loss. We present a unique case of a 3.5-year-old girl with genetically confirmed Johanson-Blizzard syndrome, who exhibited typical features alongside rare radiological findings of cystic dilation of the cochlea and hypoplastic modiolus.

Glycemic status and bone health: investigating the impact of glycosylated hemoglobin on bone density in South Indian adults.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in individuals with varying glycemic statuses, including diabetes, prediabetes, and controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in Bengaluru, India, included 336 participants aged 20 to 60. Blood samples were taken to assess fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile.