Prevalence and duration of gastrointestinal symptoms before diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and predictors of timely specialist review: a population-based study.

Background And Aims: Lack of timely referral and significant waits for specialist review amongst individuals with unresolved gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms can result in delayed diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).

Aims: To determine the frequency and duration of GI symptoms and predictors of timely specialist review before the diagnosis of both Crohn's Disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Case-control study of IBD matched 1:4 for age and sex to controls without IBD using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink from 1998-2016.

Mortality and morbidity of stairlift injuries: Analysis of the UK TARN database.

Aims: To investigate the incidence and pattern of injury in patients with a diagnosis of a fall from a stairlift.

Methods: Data was analysed from the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) database from 2000 to 2018 for those recorded suffering stairlift related injuries between the ages of 40-100 years. Patient demographics, injury mechanism and pattern, mortality rate and height of fall were analysed.

Online interprofessional education related to chronic illness for health professionals: a scoping review.

This scoping review focuses on identifying the quantity and quality of research evidence available with regard to online interprofessional education related to chronic disease management. Recent advances have seen the emergence of information communication technology and digital health solutions that may improve monitoring of and self-management of chronic disease. With the growing chronic disease burden globally, and the advancement of information communication technology, digital health solutions may improve chronic disease monitoring and self-management.

Measuring antibiotic availability and use in 20 low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: To assess antibiotic availability and use in health facilities in low- and middle-income countries, using the service provision assessment and service availability and readiness assessment surveys.

Methods: We obtained data on antibiotic availability at 13 561 health facilities in 13 service provision assessment and 8 service availability and readiness assessment surveys. In 10 service provision assessment surveys, child consultations with health-care providers were observed, giving data on antibiotic use in 22 699 children.

Coronary Atherosclerosis Imaging.

Identifying patients at increased risk of coronary artery disease, before the atherosclerotic complications become clinically evident, is the aim of cardiovascular prevention. Imaging techniques provide direct assessment of coronary atherosclerotic burden and pathological characteristics of atherosclerotic lesions which may predict the progression of disease. Atherosclerosis imaging has been traditionally based on the evaluation of coronary luminal narrowing and stenosis.

The DNA polymerases of .

DNA synthesis during replication or repair is a fundamental cellular process that is catalyzed by a set of evolutionary conserved polymerases. Despite a large body of research, the DNA polymerases of have not yet been systematically reviewed, leading to inconsistencies in their nomenclature, shortcomings in their functional (Gene Ontology, GO) annotations and an under-appreciation of the extent of their characterization. Here, we describe the complete set of DNA polymerases in , applying nomenclature already in widespread use in other species, and improving their functional annotation.

Theories of power in interprofessional research - developing the field.

This guest editorial introduces a special issue on theories of power in interprofessional research. Building on the intentions of the late Professor Scott Reeves, Distinguished Editor of this Journal, the identification that the notions of power have been visible yet relatively inconsistent in interprofessional research warranted a focused attempt to draw together scholarship from across the globe. Power runs throughout and often dictates interprofessional dynamics yet the visibility of theoretical engagement with the subject has not reflected this.

WPBs: making a mark and leaving a trail.

In this issue of , Holthenrich et al used a proximity labeling approach to pull, from out of the crowded intracellular milieu, proteins that specifically interact with Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). From the resulting catalog of proteins, the authors identified Munc13-2 as a novel WPB-associated SNARE-interacting protein that positively regulates hormone-evoked WPB exocytosis.

Interventions to promote patients and families' involvement in adult intensive care settings: a protocol for a mixed-method systematic review.

Background: There has been an identified need for greater patient and family member involvement in healthcare. This is particularly relevant in an intensive care unit (ICU), as the family provides a key communicative and practical link between patient and clinician. Family members have been deemed a positive beneficial influence on ICU care and recovery processes, yet they themselves are often emotionally affected after discharge.

Management of Invasive Fungal Disease in Neonates and Children.

Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in premature neonates and immunocompromised pediatric patients. Their diagnostic and therapeutic management remains a challenge. A nationwide survey was conducted among 13 of the largest pediatric units in the United Kingdom, to obtain insight in the current management of IFD in neonates and children.

Carotid arterial stiffness and intima-media thickness: A little impact of uric acid.

Accurate assessment of cardiovascular (CV) risk is essential for clinical decision making. Serum uric acid  has been proposed as a novel additional CV risk.

Coadministration of the prostaglandin F2α receptor antagonist preterm labour drug candidate OBE022 with magnesium sulfate, atosiban, nifedipine and betamethasone.

Aims: To investigate presence or absence of clinically relevant drug interactions (pharmacokinetic and safety/tolerability) of OBE022 with standard-of-care medicines for preterm labour, enabling coadministration and further clinical development.

Methods: Part A: open-label, randomized, 3-period crossover assessing coadministration of single doses of OBE022 (1100 mg) and MgSO . Part B: open-label, single-sequence crossover assessing the interactions following administration of OBE022 (1000 mg/day) at steady state coadministered with single doses of atosiban, nifedipine and betamethasone.

How common are vascular injuries in open tibial fractures? A prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Tibial fractures have an incidence of 15% of all adult fractures. They have been shown to have the highest incidence of non-union in long bone fractures and the highest incidence of vascular injury. Evidence from the literature suggests that a good vascular supply is important to ensure bone union.

Children and Young People "In Care" Participating in a Peer-Mentoring Relationship: An Exploration of Resilience.

The aim of this study was to explore how a 1-year peer-mentoring relationship contributed to change in young women "in care." Twenty semistructured, one-to-one interviews were conducted with mentors (n = 11) and mentees (n = 9) recruited from two different London local authorities. Participants' accounts were interpreted through a developmental lens to uncover developmental aspects and locus mechanisms through which transformative change took place.

Neonatal sepsis in South Asia: huge burden and spiralling antimicrobial resistance.

call for urgent action to improve quality of care at birth and implement antimicrobial stewardship in health facilities in South Asia to reduce neonatal deaths from sepsis

Interaction Between Pannexin 1 and Caveolin-1 in Smooth Muscle Can Regulate Blood Pressure.

Objective- Sympathetic nerve innervation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a major regulator of arteriolar vasoconstriction, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Importantly, α-adrenergic receptor stimulation, which uniquely couples with Panx1 (pannexin 1) channel-mediated ATP release in resistance arteries, also requires localization to membrane caveolae. Here, we test whether localization of Panx1 to Cav1 (caveolin-1) promotes channel function (stimulus-dependent ATP release and adrenergic vasoconstriction) and is important for blood pressure homeostasis.

Pharmacokinetics of Tramadol and Celecoxib in Japanese and Caucasian Subjects Following Administration of Co-Crystal of Tramadol-Celecoxib (CTC): A Randomised, Open-Label Study.

Background And Objectives: Co-Crystal of Tramadol-Celecoxib (CTC) is a first-in-class active pharmaceutical ingredient (API-API) co-crystal of rac-tramadol.HCl and celecoxib in a 1:1 molecular ratio (100 mg CTC: 44 mg rac-tramadol.HCl and 56 mg celecoxib).

Diseases Associated with Mutation of Replication and Repair Proteins.

Alterations in proteins that function in DNA replication and repair have been implicated in the development of human diseases including cancer, premature ageing, skeletal disorders, mental retardation, microcephaly, and neurodegeneration. Drosophila has orthologues of most human replication and repair proteins and high conservation of the relevant cellular pathways, thus providing a versatile system in which to study how these pathways are corrupted leading to the diseased state. In this chapter I will briefly review the diseases associated with defects in replication and repair proteins and discuss how past and future studies on the Drosophila orthologues of such proteins can contribute to the dissection of the mechanisms involved in disease development.

A multisite evaluation of readiness to transition to newly qualified nurse in a cohort of children's nursing students.

Background: The post-qualifying and preceptorship period in nursing has been well-researched, however, there is limited evidence about the immediate period before qualifying.

Aim: To explore the experiences of role transition of London-based final placement (FP) children's nursing students and to identify what support is required for future cohorts of students.

Method: Four London universities circulated an online questionnaire to FP students.

Laboratory data as a quality indicator of health-care-associated infections in England.

Routine diagnostic laboratory results, e.g. numbers of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemias, have been used as health-care-associated infection quality indicators for decades.

Individual student characteristics and attainment in pre registration physiotherapy: a retrospective multi site cohort study.

Introduction: Worldwide there is a desire to diversify the physiotherapy workforce. However, limited research indicates that some student characteristics linked to under-representation in pre registration physiotherapy education have lower attainment and greater attrition. This study explored the relationship between individual characteristics and success of students in pre registration physiotherapy education within South East England.

Creating Meaningful Learning for Children's Nursing Students: Can Museum Field Trips Offer Added Value?

Children's nurses require a wide range of skills and knowledge to enable them to provide the best care for children and families, thus nurse educators must continually strive to ensure they create appropriate and meaningful learning for students in their journey to become children's nurses. Museum visits have been utilized previously within nurse education, but no evidence as to any added value of such visits on the learning of children's nursing students has been reported. This article highlights an innovative teaching strategy that was introduced to a group of year 1 children's nursing students-a field visit to the Museum of Childhood in London-and demonstrates the potential value to their learning.

Improved risk stratification of patients with atrial fibrillation: an integrated GARFIELD-AF tool for the prediction of mortality, stroke and bleed in patients with and without anticoagulation.

Objectives: To provide an accurate, web-based tool for stratifying patients with atrial fibrillation to facilitate decisions on the potential benefits/risks of anticoagulation, based on mortality, stroke and bleeding risks.

Design: The new tool was developed, using stepwise regression, for all and then applied to lower risk patients. C-statistics were compared with CHADS-VASc using 30-fold cross-validation to control for overfitting.

Mainstreaming genetics in palliative care: barriers and suggestions for clinical genetic services.

Palliative healthcare professionals (PHCPs) frequently do not refer their eligible patients for genetic testing. After the death of the affected individual, clinically relevant information for family members is lost. In previous research, PHCPs stated that the end-of-life setting is not appropriate to discuss genetic issues.