Lingonberry Improves Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Reducing Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease globally and there is a pressing need for effective treatment. Lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are the important mediators in NAFLD pathogenesis. Lingonberry ( L.

What Is the State of Compassion Education? A Systematic Review of Compassion Training in Health Care.

Purpose: To investigate the current state and quality of compassion education interventions offered to health care providers during training or practice, determine how the components of each education intervention map onto the domains of an empirically based clinical model of compassion, and identify the most common approaches to compassion education.

Method: The MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, ERIC, and Education Research Complete databases were searched from inception to March 2020 in this systematic review. Studies that evaluated a compassion education intervention for health care providers or those in training to enhance compassion toward patients and/or families were included.

Reduced Granule Cell Proliferation and Molecular Dysregulation in the Cerebellum of Lysosomal Acid Phosphatase 2 (ACP2) Mutant Mice.

Lysosomal acid phosphatase 2 () mutant mice (naked-ataxia, ) have a severe cerebellar cortex defect with a striking reduction in the number of granule cells. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, BrdU assays, and RT-qPCR, we show downregulation of MYCN and dysregulation of the SHH signaling pathway in the cerebellum. MYCN protein expression is significantly reduced at P10, but not at the peak of proliferation at around P6 when the number of granule cells is strikingly reduced in the cerebellum.

Molecular distribution and localization of extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) at three different laying stages in laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) play important roles in regulating calcium mobilization, calcium absorption, and calcium homeostasis, and they could be potential therapeutic targets to osteoporosis in laying hens. The present study investigated the molecular distribution of CaSR and VDR and the localization of CaSR in the kidney, proventriculus (true stomach), duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, cecum, shell gland, and tibia of laying hens at 3 different laying stages (19, 40, and 55 wk). The results showed that the relative mRNA abundance of CaSR in the kidney, ileum, proventriculus, duodenum, and colon was higher (P < 0.

The effect of choline availability from gestation to early development on brain and retina functions and phospholipid composition in a male mouse model.

Objectives: Although choline is essential for brain development and neural function, the effect of choline on retina function is not well understood. This study examined the effects of choline on neural tissues of brain and retina, and membrane phospholipid (PL) composition during fetal development.

Methods: Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were fed one of 4 choline modified diets: i) control (Cont, 2.

Impact of consultation recordings on patient-reported outcomes in patients with brain tumors: a parallel randomized controlled trial.

Objective: We aimed to determine the impact of a primary treatment consultation recording on perception of being informed, satisfaction with cancer care, satisfaction with the oncologist, and psychological distress in patients with brain tumors.

Methods: This was a prospective, double-blind, parallel, randomized controlled trial conducted in 3 Canadian cities, in which patients who had their initial treatment consultation recorded were assigned to either receive their digital recording or not. It was hypothesized that patients who received their recording would realize statistically significant benefit on the outcomes of interest at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months post-consultation in comparison to patients who did not receive their recording.

A new implantable tool for repeated assessment of supraventricular electrophysiology and atrial fibrillation susceptibility in freely moving rats.

The complex pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) is governed by multiple risk factors in ways that are still elusive. Basic electrophysiological properties, including atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and conduction velocity, are major factors determining the susceptibility of the atrial myocardium to AF. Although there is a great need for affordable animal models in this field of research, in vivo rodent studies are limited by technical challenges.

Metabolomics profiling in hypertension and blood pressure regulation: a review.

Hypertension is a chronic health condition in which blood pressure is usually elevated beyond normal levels. It can progress with serious complications if left undetected and untreated. Incidence of hypertension is on the increase worldwide with debilitating consequences on the health systems of many countries.

Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Decreases Hydrogen Sulfide and Increases Oxidative Stress in the Heart.

Patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The underlying mechanism of AKI-induced heart injury is not well-understood. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), at physiological concentrations, has been implicated in cardiovascular protection through redox balance and vessel relaxation.

Differences in coronary artery disease complexity and associations with mortality and hospital admissions among First Nations and non-First Nations patients undergoing angiography: a comparative retrospective matched cohort study.

Background: First Nations people are more likely than the general population to experience long-term adverse health outcomes after coronary angiography. Our aim was to quantify the extent of coronary artery disease among First Nations and non-First Nations patients undergoing angiography to investigate differences in coronary artery disease and related health disparities.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study to compare health outcomes of First Nations and non-First Nations adult patients (> 18 yr) who underwent index angiography between Apr.

Oxidative Stress and Pathways of Molecular Hydrogen Effects in Medicine.

There are many situations of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as radiation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and inflammation. ROS contribute to and arises from numerous cellular pathologies, diseases, and aging. ROS can cause direct deleterious effects by damaging proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids as well as exert detrimental effects on several cell signaling pathways.

Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery is associated with longer hospital stay and increased in-hospital death and stroke, but its long-term implications remain incompletely understood. A systematic literature review was undertaken to investigate the impact of POAF on long-term death and stroke in adult patients who undergo cardiac operations.

Methods: Electronic databases (Cochrane, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and PubMed) were queried from inception to October 2018.

Layperson-Led vs Professional-Led Behavioral Interventions for Weight Loss in Pediatric Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: The appropriate approach for weight loss among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the difference in the treatment outcomes associated with behavioral weight loss interventions led by laypersons and professionals in comparison with unsupervised control arms among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Data Sources: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched from January 1, 1996, to June 1, 2019.

Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Elicits Acute Liver Injury and Inflammatory Response.

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is a common risk factor that causes acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is associated with dysfunction of other organs also known as distant organ injury. The liver function is often compromised in patients with AKI and in animal models.

Hypomorphic CAMKK2 in EA.hy926 endothelial cells causes abnormal transferrin trafficking, iron homeostasis and glucose metabolism.

We recently reported that loss of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-2 (CAMKK2), a serine/threonine kinase activated by intracellular calcium, in mice leads to tissue-specific aberrant turnover of transferrin (TF), a receptor-mediated iron-transporter that supplies iron to tissues. Iron dyshomeostasis is associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases, making TF transport relevant to health. In this study, we used hemizygous CAMKK2 hypomorphic human endothelial cell (EA.

Reversible Mitochondrial Fragmentation in iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes From Children With DCMA, a Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy with ataxia syndrome (DCMA) is an understudied autosomal recessive disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the poorly characterized gene DNAJC19. Clinically, DCMA is commonly associated with heart failure and early death in affected children through an unknown mechanism. DCMA has been linked to Barth syndrome, a rare but well-studied disorder caused by deficient maturation of cardiolipin (CL), a key mitochondrial membrane phospholipid.

Activation of Cannabinoid Receptors Attenuates Endothelin-1-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rat Ventricular Myocytes.

Evidence suggests that the activation of the endocannabinoid system offers cardioprotection. Aberrant energy production by impaired mitochondria purportedly contributes to various aspects of cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether cannabinoid (CB) receptor activation would attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction induced by endothelin-1 (ET1).

SS-31 Peptide Reverses the Mitochondrial Fragmentation Present in Fibroblasts From Patients With DCMA, a Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy.

We used patient dermal fibroblasts to characterize the mitochondrial abnormalities associated with the dilated cardiomyopathy with ataxia syndrome (DCMA) and to study the effect of the mitochondrially-targeted peptide SS-31 as a potential novel therapeutic. DCMA is a rare and understudied autosomal recessive disorder thought to be related to Barth syndrome but caused by mutations in , a protein of unknown function localized to the mitochondria. The clinical disease is characterized by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, dilated cardiomyopathy, abnormal neurological development, and other heterogeneous features.

Sex-differences in relation to the association between patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior with frailty.

Objective: To investigate the sex-difference in relation to the association between moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) patterns with frailty.

Method: Accelerometry from ≥50 year olds from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-04/2005-06 cycles) were included. Bouted and sporadic MVPA were defined as MVPA in ≥10 min or <10 min durations, respectively.

The Elusive Search for Success: Defining and Measuring Implementation Outcomes in a Real-World Hospital Trial.

Research efforts to identify factors that influence successful implementation are growing. This paper describes methods of defining and measuring outcomes of implementation success, using a cluster randomized controlled trial with 12 cancer services in Australia comparing the effectiveness of implementation strategies to support adherence to the Australian Clinical Pathway for the Screening, Assessment and Management of Anxiety and Depression in Adult Cancer Patients (ADAPT CP). Using the StaRI guidelines, a process evaluation was planned to explore participant experience of the ADAPT CP, resources and implementation strategies according to the Implementation Outcomes Framework.

Sweet-MXene hydrogel with mixed-dimensional components for biomedical applications.

Biodegradable hydrogels are promising extracellular matrix-like materials for biomedical applications due to their high compatibility, ease of administration and minimal invasion. The injectable hydrogels to be considered for regenerative therapies should mimic the intrinsic properties of tissues, i.e.

Effect of Manitoba-Grown Red-Osier Dogwood Extracts on Recovering Caco-2 Cells from HO-Induced Oxidative Damage.

Red-osier dogwood, a native species of flowering plant in North America, has been reported to have anti-oxidative properties because of abundant phenolic compounds; this could be promising as a functional food or a feed additive. In the present study, an oxidative damage model using 1.0 mM hydrogen peroxide (HO) in Caco-2 cells was established to evaluate the antioxidative effects of red-osier dogwood extracts (RDE).