Surgical risks and care trends: A cross sectional study of people experiencing homelessness presenting at a free clinic care in Miami-Dade County.

Background: The effects of housing insecurity on surgical care are under researched and largely unknown. Thus far, studies on surgery outcomes of people experiencing homelessness either focus on shelter-based patients or do not differentiate whether patients are sheltered or unsheltered, despite significant differences in care needs and health risks. Herein we provide the first report on surgical care trends of people experiencing unsheltered homelessness.

Patterns of persistence: Genetic and behavioral population complexity of winter flounder amid population declines.

Winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum 1792) are a coastal flatfish species of economic and cultural importance that have dwindled to <15, % of their historic abundance in the southern New England/Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, with evidence indicating near-extirpation of certain local populations. This species exhibits intricate behaviors in spawning and migration that contribute to population complexity and resilience. These behaviors encompass full or partial philopatry to natal estuaries, the generation of multiple pulses of larval delivery, and partial migration.

Solitary confinement and the well-being of people in prison.

Background: Solitary confinement and mental well-being has been researched extensively, with a significant increase in studies over the last ten years. These recent studies produce mixed evidence for whether placement in solitary confinement is associated with psychological distress. We advance our understanding of these relationships in two critical ways.

Ion-molecule studies of energetic oxygen allotropes in flow tubes: .

Starting in the 1960s, flow tube apparatuses have played a central role in the study of ion-molecule kinetics, allowing for immense chemical diversity of cationic, anionic, and neutral reactants. Here, we review studies of oxygen allotropes, excluding ground state O ( ), and focusing instead on reactions of cations, anions, and metal chemi-ionization reactions with ground state atomic oxygen (O P), vibrationally excited molecular oxygen (O (v)), electronically excited molecular oxygen (O ( )), and ozone (O ). Historical outlines of work over several decades are given along with a focus on more recent work by our group at the Air Force Research Laboratory.

Allobodo chlorophagus n. gen. n. sp., a Kinetoplastid that Infiltrates and Feeds on the Invasive Alga Codium fragile.

A novel biflagellate protist that consumed chloroplasts inside material of the invasive marine green alga Codium fragile was reported from the U.S. east coast in 2003.

Foot strike patterns of recreational and sub-elite runners in a long-distance road race.

Although the biomechanical properties of the various types of running foot strike (rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot) have been studied extensively in the laboratory, only a few studies have attempted to quantify the frequency of running foot strike variants among runners in competitive road races. We classified the left and right foot strike patterns of 936 distance runners, most of whom would be considered of recreational or sub-elite ability, at the 10 km point of a half-marathon/marathon road race. We classified 88.

The importance of NO+ (H2O)4 in the conversion of NO+ (H2O)n to H3O+ (H2O)n: I. Kinetics measurements and statistical rate modeling.

The kinetics for conversion of NO(+)(H(2)O)(n) to H(3)O(+)(H(2)O)(n) has been investigated as a function of temperature from 150 to 400 K. In contrast to previous studies, which show that the conversion goes completely through a reaction of NO(+)(H(2)O)(3), the present results show that NO(+)(H(2)O)(4) plays an increasing role in the conversion as the temperature is lowered. Rate constants are derived for the clustering of H(2)O to NO(+)(H(2)O)(1-3) and the reactions of NO(+)(H(2)O)(3,4) with H(2)O to form H(3)O(+)(H(2)O)(2,3), respectively.

Reactions of Ions with Ionic Liquid Vapors by Selected-Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry.

Room-temperature ionic liquids exert vanishingly small vapor pressures under ambient conditions. Under reduced pressure, certain ionic liquids have demonstrated volatility, and they are thought to vaporize as intact cation-anion ion pairs. However, ion pair vapors are difficult to detect because their concentration is extremely low under these conditions.

Reactions of negative ions with ClN3 at 300 K.

The reactivity of ClN(3) with 17 negative ions has been investigated at 300 K. The electron affinity (EA) of ClN(3) was bracketed to be between that of NO(2) and N(3), giving EA(ClN(3)) = 2.48 +/- 0.

Psychometric testing of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form in a sample of Black women in the United States.

The benefits of breastfeeding increase with duration and exclusivity, but significant racial disparities exist in breastfeeding rates. Breastfeeding self-efficacy, as measured by the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short-Form (BSES-SF), is a significant predictor of breastfeeding outcomes in diverse samples. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the BSES-SF in Black women in the US.

Breastfeeding self-efficacy in women of African descent.

Objective: To determine whether breastfeeding self-efficacy predicts the duration and pattern of breastfeeding in a sample of Black women of African descent.

Design: Descriptive, longitudinal, cohort study. Participants were recruited during the postpartum hospitalization and followed monthly for 6 months or until complete weaning.

The lived experience of mothering after prison: the preliminary study.

The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological preliminary study was to gain a better understanding of the experience of mothering after prison. In-depth interviewing was conducted with two participants for a period of 4 months after their release from prison. All interviews were focused on the research question, "What has been your experience of mothering since your release from prison?" Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Is breastfeeding fair? Tensions in feminist perspectives on breastfeeding and the family.

Breastfeeding is widely acknowledged to have health benefits for mothers and infants. Because it is sex-specific, it challenges the feminist principle of gender-neutral childbearing. Various feminist theories addressing breastfeeding from the perspective of gender ideology, cultural feminism, and history are reviewed and contrasted.

Accessibility and occlusion of biopolymers, ray tracing of radiating tubes, and the temperature of a tangle.

We introduce a measure of complexity, an energy, for any conformation of filaments. It is the occlusion, the portion hidden when viewed from an arbitrary exterior point. By inverting we get the exposure, a first approximation of the accessibility of the filaments.

Ontogeny, phylogeny, and morphology in anuran larvae: morphometric analysis of cranial development and evolution in Rana tadpoles (Anura: Ranidae).

Comparative studies of chondrocranial morphology in larval anurans are typically qualitative in nature, focusing primarily on discrete variation or gross differences in the size or shape of individual structures. Detailed data on chondrocranial allometry are currently limited to only two species, Rana sylvatica and Bufo americanus. This study uses geometric morphometric and multivariate statistical analyses to examine interspecific variation in both larval chondrocranial shape and patterns of ontogenetic allometry among six species of Rana.

Administration of medications via the intramuscular route: an integrative review of the literature and research-based protocol for the procedure.

Administering injections is an activity inherent to nursing practice. A critical review of nursing fundamentals texts found that the "proper" procedure was often non-research based and reflected myths, traditions, and out-of-date recommendations regarding the technique. This article is an integrative review of the extensive research conducted by a variety of researchers in health-related disciplines during the last seven decades.

Spider cocoons and their suspension systems as barriers to generalist and specialist predators.

This study tests hypotheses regarding spider cocoons and their suspension systems as barriers to generalist and specialist predators. Evidence presented here suggests that the suspension systems ofMecynogea lemniscata andArgiope aurantia cocoons are effective barriers against small generalists such as ants, but fail to stop large generalists such as birds. Cocoon covers were found to be generally ineffective against generalist predators.

The role of spider cocoons in controlling desiccation.

The abilities of the cocoons of the spiders Mecynogea lemniscata and Argiope aurantia to protect the enclosed egg and spiderling stages from desiccation were investigated in the laboratory under controlled humidities, and in the field under ambient conditions. For M. lemniscata, which has a relatively small clutch (8-30 eggs) and remains in the cocoon for approximately 9-10 months, removal of the cocoon had no effect on water loss from the egg stage, nor did it adversely affect hatching or molting success.

Colony size and parasitoid load in two species of colonial Metepeira spiders from Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae).

While a number of advantages may result from group living, it may also lead to increased levels of attack by parasites because groups may be easier to find. This leads to the prediction that levels of parasitism should increase with colony size. We test this prediction by comparing colony size and parasitoid load for two species of colonial orb-weaving spiders from Mexico, Metepeira (undesc.