Outcome of Recurrent Tracheoesophageal Fistula Treatment After Esophageal Atresia Repair.

Introduction: Recurrent Tracheoesophageal Fistula (rTEF) is a complication of Esophageal Atresia (EA) that can lead to severe respiratory symptoms. RTEF can be corrected via endotracheal treatment (ET) or surgical treatment (ST). The efficacy of these techniques varies in literature.

Sleep health among sexual and gender minority people in the United States: A scoping review.

Sleep has been found to be essential to physical and mental health. Sexual and gender minority (SGM; e.g.

Clinico-pathological characterisation of human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia.

Background: Human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia (HPV-OED) has been recently recognised by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a distinct type of oral epithelial dysplasia. The rarity of HPV-OED, together with gaps in the current understanding of risk factors and clinical behaviour raise the risk of under-recognition and misdiagnosis. To address this, we describe the clinico-pathological features of a consecutive series of HPV-OED from a single institution to provide additional insight into the presentation and behaviour of this disease.

Palliative care utilization among head and neck cancer patients: A population-based analysis.

Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients face substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite the potential benefits of palliative care (PC) in improving quality of life, many HNC patients do not receive these services. This study aimed to quantify the proportion of HNC patients receiving PC, the timing of PC referrals, and the mental health and clinical outcomes of this population.

Brain microenvironment-remodeling nanomedicine improves cerebral glucose metabolism, mitochondrial activity and synaptic function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

The development of disease-modifying therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease remains challenging due to the complex pathology and the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Previously we have described the investigation of a brain-penetrating multifunctional bioreactive nanoparticle system capable of remodeling the hypoxic and inflammatory brain microenvironment and reducing beta-amyloid plaques improving cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Despite the linkage of hypoxia and inflammation to metabolic alteration, the effects of this system on modulating cerebral glucose metabolism, mitochondrial activity and synaptic function remained to be elucidated.

ALLG APML5: Bioavailability and safety of oral arsenic trioxide assessed during consolidation therapy for APL.

The prognosis for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has improved dramatically since the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and intravenous arsenic trioxide (ATO). However, ATO administration requires daily infusions over several months, representing an onerous burden for hospitals and patients. We evaluated the bioavailability of a novel encapsulated oral ATO formulation in APL patients in first complete remission during standard-of-care consolidation.

The Effects of Hospital Delivery Volume and Travel Time on Perinatal Mortality and Delivery in Transit: Causal Inference with Triangulation.

Background: Hospital regionalization involves balancing hospital volume and travel time. We investigated how hospital volume and travel time affect perinatal mortality and the risk of delivery in transit using three different study designs.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1999-2016) and Statistics Norway.

The liminal space between hope and grief: The phenomenon of uncertainty as experienced by people living with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: People with the chronic disease Multiple Sclerosis are subjected to different degrees of profound uncertainty. Uncertainty has been linked to adverse psychological effects such as feelings of heightened vulnerability, avoidance of decision-making, fear, worry, anxiety disorders, and even depression. Research into Multiple Sclerosis has a predominant focus on the scientific, practical, and psychosocial issues of uncertainty.

Clinical derivation and data simulated validation of rule-out and rule-in algorithms for the Siemens Atellica IM high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay.

Background: This prospective, two-centre study derived and validated predictive algorithms for the Siemens Atellica IM high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Algorithms for predicting 30-day myocardial infarction type 1 and 2 (MI) and death or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI, type 1 and 2) at index admission were developed from a derivation cohort of 1896 patients and validated using a synthetic dataset with nearly 1 million patient cases. Performance was compared to the European Society of Cardiology algorithms for hs-cTnT (Roche Diagnostics) and hs-cTnI (Abbott Diagnostics).

Milestone events in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB): findings of the PEBLES Study.

Background: In recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), complications like oesophageal strictures, hand contractures, cardiomyopathy and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) may develop, necessitating procedures such as oesophageal dilatation (OD), gastrostomy tube placement and hand surgery.

Objectives: To determine prevalence and age of onset of milestone events by RDEB subtype, specifically dysphagia, first OD, first gastrostomy tube, first hand surgery, cardiomyopathy, first SCC and death.

Methods: The Prospective Epidermolysis Bullosa Longitudinal Evaluation Study (PEBLES) is a register study of individuals with RDEB which records comprehensive EB- and non-EB-related health information.

Results from the international collaborative systematic literature review informing the 2023 EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis.

Background: The EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc) were updated in 2017, informed by a systematic literature review (SLR) completed in 2014.

Objectives: The aim of this new SLR was to provide the most up-to-date literature to underpin contemporary EULAR recommendations for the management of SSc.

Methods: 30 searches for 30 interventions (including several outcomes/clinical questions), and 1 dedicated search (with several interventions) for calcinosis were prioritised by the task force.

EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis: 2023 update.

Objectives: To update the 2017 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations for treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc), incorporating new evidence and therapies.

Methods: An international task force was convened in line with EULAR standard operating procedures. A nominal group technique exercise was performed in two rounds to define questions underpinning a subsequent systematic literature review.

Drilling and Groove-cutting Technique for Safe and Complete Removal of Forehead Osteomas on the Anterior Table of the Frontal Sinus.

Forehead osteomas are benign tumors commonly excised for cosmetic and functional reasons. However, removing osteomas from the anterior table of the frontal sinus presents specific challenges, particularly in determining the appropriate removal thickness. Inaccurate resection depth may result in fracture or perforation of the anterior table of the frontal sinus, or incomplete resection.

Patients' Experiences With Opioid Tapering in Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-synthesis.

Tapering opioids is an effective strategy to reduce the risks associated with long-term opioid therapy. However, patients' experience with tapering can influence the success of this treatment. Understanding patients' experiences with opioid tapering will allow for patient-centered approaches to be adopted to tailor interventions to achieve safe and successful taper outcomes.

Incident heart failure and recurrent coronary events following acute myocardial infarction.

Background And Aims: Recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) and incident heart failure (HF) are major post-MI complications. Herein, contemporary post-MI risks for recurrent MI and HF are described.

Methods: A total of 6804 patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of MI at 28 Baylor Scott & White Health hospitals (January 2015 to December 2021) were studied.

Antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV and end-stage kidney disease.

Objective: To summarize antiretroviral therapy (ART) use in the setting of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Methods: Descriptive analysis of ART regimens and dose of nucleoside/nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) in people with HIV and ESKD (dialysis, kidney transplantation, or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <15 mL/min/1.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Patient Positioning During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) Procedures: A Comparison Between Semi-Prone- and Prone-Positioned Patients.

The prone "swimmers" position is preferable for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as it provides the best visualization for selective bile duct cannulation. However, "swimmers" position does not comply with best-practice patient positioning guidelines. Our objective was to determine whether the semi-prone patient position was suitable for ERCP without negatively influencing the outcomes of the procedure.

Intra-Articular Injection of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

To assess the impact of a single intra-articular (IA) injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. The study included 24 patients with knee OA who were randomly assigned to receive either a single IA injection of BM-MSCs or normal saline. Changes in the visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) after IA injection were assessed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.

Nelonemdaz and Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and Mechanical Reperfusion: The RODIN Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Nelonemdaz selectively antagonizes the 2B subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptor and scavenges free radical species.

Objective: To evaluate whether nelonemdaz enhances the clinical outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing emergent reperfusion therapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized phase 3 trial (December 25, 2021, to June 30, 2023, in South Korea) recruited patients with acute ischemic stroke who met the following criteria: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score greater than or equal to 8, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography score greater than or equal to 4, and endovascular thrombectomy within 12 hours after stroke onset.

Interleukin-17A and Interleukin-17F Gene Polymorphisms in Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: Interleukin IL-17A and IL-17F are critical cytokines involved in inflammatory processes. Genetic variations in IL-17A and IL-17F might be linked to chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a cancer associated with long-term inflammation. This study aims to examine the relationship between specific polymorphisms in IL-17A (rs2275913) and IL-17F (rs763780) and their association with HCV-related HCC in an Egyptian population.

Medical indemnity knowledge and awareness among international medical graduates in Ireland.

Background: Medical indemnity (MI) has become an important topic in the era of increasing number of medico-legal cases in Ireland. However, there is a sensible difference in understanding and usage of medical indemnity between Irish and international medical graduates.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and awareness of medical indemnity among international medical graduates in Ireland.

Efficacy and Safety of Proactive Therapy with 2% Crisaborole Ointment in Children with Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: The effectiveness of crisaborole for proactive treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) is not well established.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of a proactive treatment strategy with 2% crisaborole ointment for managing mild-to-moderate AD in children.

Patients And Methods: In this 16-week randomized-controlled trial, children aged 2-17 years with mild-to-moderate AD were enrolled.