Serum Folate Concentrations in Exclusively Breastfed Preterm Infants Who Received No Supplementary Oral Folic Acid After Discharge: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Adequate folate intake is required in preterm infants for rapid growth and development, but there is little evidence to back recommendations. We aimed to assess folate status in preterm infants at discharge and in early infancy, according to exposure to folate sources, particularly in those exclusively/predominantly breastfed. A prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study was conducted in the UK, involving 45 preterm infants <33 weeks' gestational age (GA) exclusively/predominantly fed human milk when approaching NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) discharge.

Erratum: Burden of disease attributable to high body mass index: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

Rapid Onsite Evaluation: A Prospective Observational Study of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspirates to Expedite Diagnosis.

Biomedical scientists (BMS) can report sample adequacy during EBUS TBNA using rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE). Despite being able to report exfoliative samples such as pleural fluid cytology and bronchial washings, they are usually not permitted to offer a preliminary diagnostic impression of EBUS TBNA samples. Experienced biomedical scientists can provide a reliable diagnostic impression during ROSE for EBUS samples, with sensitivity and specificity comparable to cytopathologist reporting.

Does posterior longitudinal ligament resection during cervical artificial disc replacement affect the clinical or radiographic outcome?

Background Context: Much controversy exists about whether posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) resection should be performed during cervical artificial disc replacement (ADR). The PLL can be resected or preserved during the ADR procedure based on the shape and location of the compressive pathology. However, unlike fusion operations, the outcomes of ADR may be affected by PLL resection since segmental motion is preserved with ADR and the PLL restricts flexion of the segment.

Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021.

Background: Metabolic risk factors are a significant cause of global burden among adolescents and young adults, but there is a lack of attention to the burden attributable to these metabolic risk factors globally.

Aims: This study aims to provide comprehensive estimates of five important metabolic risk factors and the attributable disease burden in people aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database.

Methods: Global total deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden attributable to five common metabolic risk factors, including high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high body mass index (BMI), and kidney dysfunction, in adolescents and young adults.

Endovascular Treatment With Targeted Embolization of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Single-Center Study.

Objective: To assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of targeted embolization for cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CSDAVF).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study investigated patients with CSDAVF who underwent endovascular treatment at a tertiary hospital between October 1991 and March 2023. Treatment strategies were determined based on clinical symptoms and shunt characteristics.

Patient Perception of Prolapse Condition Questionnaire: A Validated Patient-Reported Outcome Measure.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Identifying patient-reported outcome measures allows management of urogenital prolapse to be tailored to reflect symptom bother and expectations of treatment. We devised a new single-item questionnaire, the Patient Perception of Prolapse Condition (PPPC), based on the Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC). The aim was to evaluate the criterion validity, test/re-test reliability and responsiveness of the PPPC.

Technical Approaches for Coil Embolization of Unruptured Small Anterior Choroidal Artery Aneurysms: A Focus on Anatomical Flow Preservation of the Anterior Choroidal Artery.

The anterior choroidal artery (AChA) supplies the corticospinal tract related to the motor function of the upper and lower limbs. Aneurysms arising at the AChA are not common and exhibit various patterns of involvement of the AChA. Hence, managing an AChA aneurysm poses a high risk of neurological deficits.

Global burden of metabolic diseases, 1990-2021.

Background: Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), have become a global health burden in the last three decades. The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data enables the first insights into the trends and burdens of these metabolic diseases from 1990 to 2021, highlighting regional, temporal and differences by sex.

Methods: Global estimates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from GBD 2021 were analyzed for common metabolic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and MASLD).

The Clinical Utility of the NETest in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (Si-NENs): A "Real-Life" Study.

Current biomarkers do not adequately predict the behaviour of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). This study assessed the NETest, a multianalyte blood biomarker, in patients with small intestinal NENs (Si-NENs). We studied two patient groups: Group 1: metastatic Si-NENs ( = 102) and Group 2: post-operatively disease-free according to 68Ga-DOTATATE PET ( = 16).

Dedicated anticoagulation management protocols in fragility femoral fracture care - a source of significant variance and limited effectiveness in improving time to surgery: The hip and femoral fracture anticoagulation surgical timing evaluation (HASTE) study.

Introduction: Approximately 20 % of femoral fragility fracture patients take anticoagulants, typically warfarin or Direct Oral AntiCoagulant (DOAC). These can impact timing of surgery affecting patient survival. Due to several possible approaches and numerous factors to consider in the preoperative workup of anticoagulated patients, potential for variations in clinical practice exist.

Loss and Return of Ticklishness in Functional Neurological Disorder.

Background: People with functional neurological disorder (FND) have abnormalities in sensory processing. Loss of ticklishness has been rarely reported.

Objectives: To describe associated clinical features in people with FND and loss of ticklishness and explore correlations with sensory changes.

Examining the Efficacy of Arthroscopic Scaphocapitate Arthrodesis for Advanced Kienbock's Disease: Clinical and Radiological Outcomes.

Background: Altering wrist biomechanics, Kienbock's disease leads to progressive carpal collapse that results in early arthritis and degenerative changes. By shifting the loading axis toward the radioscaphoid joint, scaphocapitate arthrodesis (SCA) has been reported as a salvage procedure effective in treating symptomatic patients with advanced Kienbock's disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of arthroscopic SCA in symptomatic patients with advanced stages of Kienbock's disease.

Scalpel and strife: Assessing the impact of Sudan's ongoing civil war on surgical practice and healthcare delivery.

Background: This study aims to shed light on the profound ramifications of the military conflict that started in April 2023 on surgical practice in Sudan.

Methods: This is a survey-based study. The survey link was disseminated to Sudanese medical practitioners via various social media (WhatsApp, Telegram, X (previously twitter) and Facebook) channels.

Risk factors of revision operation and early revision for adjacent segment degeneration after lumbar fusion surgery: a case-control study.

Background Context: Adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) following lumbar fusion operation is common and can occur at varying timepoints after index surgery. An early revision operation for ASD, however, signifies a short symptom-free period and might increase the risk of successive surgeries.

Purpose: We aimed to elucidate the overall risk factors associated with revision surgeries for ASD with distinct attention to early revisions.

The impact of anticoagulant medications on fragility femur fracture care: The hip and femoral fracture anticoagulation surgical timing evaluation (HASTE) study.

Introduction: Due to their hypocoagulable state on presentation, anticoagulated patients with femoral fragility fractures typically experience delays to surgery. There are no large, multicentre studies previously carried out within the United Kingdom (UK) evaluating the impact of anticoagulant use in this patient population. This study aimed to evaluate the current epidemiology and compare the perioperative management of anticoagulated and non-anticoagulated femoral fragility fracture patients.

Cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation as first-line treatment of typical atrial flutter: long-term outcomes of the CRAFT trial.

Background: CRAFT was an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial across 11 sites in the United UK and Switzerland. Given the evidence that pulmonary vein triggers may be responsible for atrial flutter (AFL) as well as atrial fibrillation (AF), we hypothesised that cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) would provide greater symptomatic arrhythmia reduction than cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation, whilst also reducing the subsequent burden of AF. Twelve-month outcomes were previously reported.