Adherence to national trauma triage criteria in Norway: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Norwegian hospitals employed individual trauma triage criteria until 2015 when nationwide criteria were implemented. There is a lack of empirical evidence regarding adherence to Norwegian national criteria for activation of the trauma team (NTrC) and the decision-making processes regarding trauma team activation (TTA) within Norwegian trauma hospitals. The objectives of this study were to investigate institutional adherence to the NTrC and to investigate similarities and differences in the decision-making process leading to TTA in Norwegian trauma hospitals.

Immune digital twins for complex human pathologies: applications, limitations, and challenges.

Digital twins represent a key technology for precision health. Medical digital twins consist of computational models that represent the health state of individual patients over time, enabling optimal therapeutics and forecasting patient prognosis. Many health conditions involve the immune system, so it is crucial to include its key features when designing medical digital twins.

Intensive treatments for children and adolescents with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders have a significant negative impact on youth. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended and established as effective first-step treatment, but persistent symptoms and non-response are common. Intensive psychological treatments deliver more or longer sessions over a shorter time span, with fewer session gaps.

Sources of variation in the serum metabolome of female participants of the HUNT2 study.

The aim of this study was to explore the intricate relationship between serum metabolomics and lifestyle factors, shedding light on their impact on health in the context of breast cancer risk. Detailed metabolic profiles of 2283 female participants in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT study) were obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS).We show that lifestyle-related variables can explain up to 30% of the variance in individual metabolites.

Pre-hospital care for children: a descriptive study from Central Norway.

Background: Pre-hospital incidents involving pediatric and neonatal patients are infrequent, and clinical characteristics and care for these patients differ from the adult population. Lack of knowledge, guidelines, and experience can make pre-hospital pediatric care challenging, and there is limited research on the epidemiology and best practice of care for this population. We examined the pre-hospital pediatric population in the county of Sør-Trøndelag, Norway, to improve our understanding of this population in our region.

Reverse engineering of feedforward cortical-Hippocampal microcircuits for modelling neural network function and dysfunction.

Engineered biological neural networks are indispensable models for investigation of neural function and dysfunction from the subcellular to the network level. Notably, advanced neuroengineering approaches are of significant interest for their potential to replicate the topological and functional organization of brain networks. In this study, we reverse engineered feedforward neural networks of primary cortical and hippocampal neurons, using a custom-designed multinodal microfluidic device with Tesla valve inspired microtunnels.

Incidence and Genetic Risk of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Norway by Latitude.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in the three geographic regions of Norway and whether potential regional incidence differences are explained by environmental or genetic factors across regions.

Methods: We conducted a register-based cohort study including all Norwegian children born from 2004 to 2019, with follow-up throughout 2020. The JIA diagnosis, defined by at least two International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for JIA, was validated against medical records.

Incidence, severity and changes of abnormal vital signs in trauma patients: A national population-based analysis.

Background: Physiological criteria are used to assess the potential severity of injury in the early phase of a trauma patient's care trajectory. Few studies have described the extent of abnormality in vital signs and different combinations of these at a national level. Aim of the study was to identify physiologic abnormalities in trauma patients and describe different combinations of abnormalities and changes between the pre-hospital and emergency department (ED) settings.

Working Status in Patients With Untreated Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: A Descriptive Longitudinal Study.

Background And Objectives: Many patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) remain untreated if the risk of treatment exceeds the estimated risk of aneurysm rupture, potentially leading to diagnosis-related stress and anxiety. Working status may serve as a marker for the total level of function including mental health and psychological burden of the condition. The aim of the study was to assess the working status before and after a diagnosis of an untreated UIA.

Surgery for intestinal injuries in very preterm infants: a Norwegian population-based study with a new approach to disease classification.

Objective: To evaluate population-based data on very preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation) operated for intestinal injuries, focusing on necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation (FIP).

Design: Nationwide, population-based registry cohort study.

Setting: All 21 neonatal units in Norway.

European Quality Markers in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty Training: Defining Standards.

According to the European Union (EU) Directive 2005/36, the medical specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) exists with two possible formats: dual degree OMFS called Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (DOMFS) - basic medical and basic dental training and single medical degree Maxillofacial Surgery (MFS). Within the EU and across all of Europe, differences in the nature and quality of OMFS training coexist. By implementing the highest possible standards of training, patient care can be improved.

Interdisciplinary CBT treatment for patients with odontophobia and dental anxiety related to psychological trauma experiences: a case series.

Background: While cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a well-established treatment for odontophobia, research is sparse regarding its effect on patients with dental anxiety related to psychological trauma experiences. This study aimed to evaluate changes in symptoms and acceptability of interdisciplinary Torture, Abuse, and Dental Anxiety (TADA) team treatment for patients with odontophobia or dental anxiety. We also wanted to describe the sample's oral health status.

School absence policy and healthcare use: a difference-in-difference cohort analysis.

Background: A national policy in Norway demanding certificates for medical absences in upper secondary school was implemented in 2016, leading to an increase in general practitioner (GP) visits in this age group.

Objectives: To assess the policy's effect on the use of primary and specialist healthcare.

Methods: A cohort study following all Norwegian youth aged 14-21 in the years 2010-2019 using a difference-in-differences approach comparing exposed cohorts expected to attend upper secondary school after the policy change in 2016 with previous unexposed cohorts.

Time difference between pad placement in single versus double external defibrillation: A live patient simulation model.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cause significant patient morbidity and mortality. Double sequential external defibrillation (DSED) represents an alternative treatment for OHCA patients, but the use is currently reserved for patients in refractory ventricular fibrillation. However, OHCA patients may achieve return of spontaneous circulation earlier with the use of DSED as initial treatment.

Navigating weight, risk and lifestyle conversations in maternity care: a qualitative study among pregnant women with obesity.

Background: Pregnant women with obesity face heightened focus on weight during pregnancy due to greater risk of medical complications. Closer follow-up in maternety care may contribute to reduce risk and promote health in these women. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper insight in how pregnant women with obesity experience encounters with healthcare providers in maternity care.

Topical Tranexamic Acid on Donor Wounds in Burn Patients: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial.

Background: Patients with major burn injuries are prone to massive blood loss owing to tangential excision of burn wounds and donor skin harvesting. In general, topical application of the antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid (TXA) to surgical wounds reduces bleeding; however, its effect on bleeding and re-epithelialization in superficial wounds of burns has not been explored.

Methods: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of topical TXA in reducing blood loss and its effect on wound re-epithelialization in burn surgery.