Scrub typhus associated with reactive arthritis: A case report and literature review.

Scrub typhus (tsutsugamushi disease) is an acute febrile illness caused by , often found in Asia and Oceania. The presence of an eschar, characterized by a crust, is a key diagnostic finding. Many symptoms of this disease are already known, however reactive arthritis following scrub typhus is very rare.

Surgery lengthens survival for collecting duct carcinoma: analysis of hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan.

Background: To identify the prognosis of Japanese patients with collecting duct carcinoma (CDC).

Methods: We used a hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan to extract CDC cases that were diagnosed in 2013, histologically confirmed, and determined the first course of treatment. We further investigated treatment modalities and estimated overall survival (OS) by the Kaplan-Meier method.

Risk of hospital inpatient opioid overdose (RHINOO): a review of factors impacting naloxone administration in patients receiving opioids.

Purpose: Opioid medications remain a common treatment for acute pain in hospitalized patients. This study aims to identify factors contributing to opioid overdose in the inpatient population, addressing the gap in data on which patients are at higher risk for opioid-related adverse events in the hospital setting.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of inpatients receiving at least one opioid medication was performed at a large academic medical center from January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022.

Semaglutide in obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and type 2 diabetes across baseline HbA levels (STEP-HFpEF DM): a prespecified analysis of heart failure and metabolic outcomes from a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: About half of patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have type 2 diabetes. In the STEP-HFpEF DM trial of adults with obesity-related HFpEF and type 2 diabetes, subcutaneous once weekly semaglutide 2·4 mg conferred improvements in heart failure-related symptoms and physical limitations, bodyweight, and other heart failure outcomes. We aimed to determine whether these effects of semaglutide differ according to baseline HbA.

Community prevalence of blood-borne viruses (hepatitis B and HIV) in Ireland.

Background: Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and HIV causes significant morbidity and mortality. Effective antiviral treatment is available for both. Ireland has historically been considered a low prevalence country.

Receptor discordance after nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Background: Recent studies have shown that receptor status of breast cancer change between primary tumor and recurrence, which may influence treatment strategy and prognosis, but there are few reports on receptor discordance between primary tumors and local recurrence (LR) after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM).

Patients And Methods: We collected 74 patients who had LR after NSM for newly diagnosed stages 0 to 3 breast cancer between 2008 and 2016 at 14 institutions. We classified into 4 subtypes based on hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).

Safety and Efficacy of Ferric Carboxymaltose for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review.

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), often cause anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency and chronic inflammation. Anemia negatively affects patients' daily functioning and quality of life, causing symptoms including headaches, exhaustion, and dyspnea. In IBD, iron deficiency arises from reduced intake, chronic blood loss, and impaired absorption.

Quality indicators of supportive care for patients with cancer undergoing treatment: a systematic review.

Background: Patients need to be supported in combining treatment with daily life. However, measurement of supportive care indicators related to treatment-related side effects is under-reported. This review aimed to identify a list of quality indicators for managing cancer treatment-induced toxicities for adult patients with cancer.

Videoconferencing Dysmorphia: The Impact on Self-perception and Desire for Cosmetic Procedures.

Objective: The authors sought to examine the association between the increased use of videoconferencing and image-enhancing software filters during the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding rise in interest in cosmetic procedures. We aimed to discern if heightened exposure to one's digital self-image correlates with a greater inclination toward cosmetic interventions.

Methods: In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey study, adult participants living in the United States were recruited on Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform.

Clinical profile and outcomes of ocular surface squamous neoplasia at the Philippine General Hospital: a retrospective study.

Aim: To evaluate the demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) at the Philippine General Hospital.

Methods: This was a single-center, 11-year retrospective, cross sectional case series on 18 cases of OSSN seen between January 2012 to June 2023. The patient's demographics, presenting symptoms, tumor characteristics, histopathologic diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, and duration of follow-up were reviewed.

Investigation of Factors for a Poor Prognosis in Rutherford 4 Patients Who Undergo Endovascular Treatment.

Current classifications of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) are insufficient to identify Rutherford (R) 4 patients with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors for patients with R4 CLTI who undergo endovascular treatment (EVT) using data from the Tokyo-taMA peripheral vascular intervention research COmraDE (TOMA-CODE) registry and to propose a risk-scoring system. We analyzed the data of 2,248 prospectively enrolled patients from the registry, divided into 3 groups: intermittent claudication (IC), n = 1,185; R4, n = 401; and R5-6, n = 662.

Efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes across young to older age groups of patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer treated with ribociclib plus endocrine therapy in the randomized MONALEESA-2, -3, and -7 trials.

Background: Ribociclib + endocrine therapy (ET) showed significant progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) benefits in the MONALEESA trials in patients with HR+ /HER2 - advanced breast cancer (ABC). We report efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) across age groups, including older patients, in these trials.

Methods: Data from the MONALEESA-2, -3, and -7 trials for pre- and postmenopausal patients receiving first-line treatment for ABC were pooled and analyzed by age (<65y, 65-74y, and ≥75y).

The clinical course and outcomes following arthroscopic frozen shoulder 360° release.

Background: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a debilitating inflammatory condition affecting the shoulder capsule that causes significant pain and stiffness. Its etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment remain poorly understood. Although regarded as self-limiting, FS can have profound implications on the activities of daily living and usually takes 1-4 years to resolve on its own accord.

Large-scale evaluation of outcomes after a genetic diagnosis in children with severe developmental disorders.

Purpose: We sought to evaluate outcomes for clinical management after a genetic diagnosis from the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study.

Methods: Individuals in the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study who had a pathogenic/likely pathogenic genotype in the DECIPHER database were selected for inclusion ( = 5010). Clinical notes from regional clinical genetics services notes were reviewed to assess predefined clinical outcomes relating to interventions, prenatal choices, and information provision.

Efficacy of anifrolumab on systemic lupus erythematosus patients with serological manifestations: A post hoc analysis of the Japan subgroup of the TULIP-2 Trial.

Objectives: To describe the efficacy of anifrolumab vs. placebo in Japanese systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with low complement (C3 or C4) and/or who are positive for anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies.

Methods: This was a descriptive post hoc analysis of Japanese SLE patients with serological manifestations in the TULIP-2 trial who received either anifrolumab or placebo.

Risk Profile and Prognostic Implications of Premature Advanced Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Among Young to Early Middle-aged Adults: The Coronary Artery Calcium Consortium.

Introduction: Premature advanced subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among young adults is an under-recognized and unique disease phenotype that has not been well characterized.

Methods: We used data from 44,047 participants with no prior CVD history (59.8% male) from the Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Consortium.

Privacy preserving strategies for electronic health records in the era of large language models.

Electronic health records (EHRs) secondary usage with large language models (LLMs) raise privacy challenges. National regulations like GDPR and HIPAA offer protection frameworks, but specific strategies are needed to mitigate risk in generative AI. Risks can be reduced by using strategies like privacy-preserving locally deployed LLMs, synthetic data generation, differential privacy, and deidentification.

Analysis of the growth trajectories of junior residents in Japan: a longitudinal cohort study using data from a nationwide e-portfolio system (EPOC2).

Objectives: As more emphasis is placed on the acquisition of competencies in medical education, portfolios are increasingly being used for evaluation. EPOC2 (E-POrtfolio of Clinical training) is an e-portfolio system developed in Japan and is used by about 800 clinical training hospitals. The study objective is to identify the learning trajectory of junior residents to provide insights into the provision of better postgraduate and undergraduate medical education in Japan.

Ketone monoester ingestion improves cardiac function in adults with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomised, crossover trial.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. The myocardium preferentially uses ketones over free fatty acids as a more energy efficient substrate. The primary aim was to assess the effects of ketone monoester (K) ingestion on cardiac output index ().

In-hospital mortality and risk factors in critically ill patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common genetic disease with estimated prevalence of 0.2-0.5 %.

Comparison of oncological outcomes between extended and no pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with high- or very high-risk prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study.

Background: Despite providing valuable staging and prognostic information, the therapeutic benefit of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) remains uncertain. We sought to assess the effect of extended PLND (ePLND) on the biochemical recurrence (BCR) of patients with National Comprehensive Cancer Net (NCCN) high- or very high-risk prostate cancer treated via robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Methods: We used a multi-institutional database (six centers) to assess 989 patients who underwent RARP from 2014 to 2022 with or without ePLND, among which 699 patients underwent BCR analysis.

Low serum serotonin is associated with functional decline, mild behavioural impairment and brain atrophy in dementia-free subjects.

Brain serotonin dysregulation is associated with dementia and neuropsychiatric symptomology. However, the prognostic utility of circulating serotonin levels in detecting features of prodromal dementia including functional decline, cognitive impairment, mild behavioural impairment and brain atrophy remains unclear. In this prospective study of memory clinic subjects followed-up for ≤5 years, dementia-free subjects, classified as having no cognitive impairment or cognitive impairment, no dementia at baseline, underwent annual neuropsychological assessments including Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Global Cognition scores and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Global Scores (where a ≥ 0.

Can ChatGPT play a significant role in anatomy education? A scoping review.

Purpose: We performed a scoping review to explore if ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence platform, can play a significant role in anatomy education.

Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, ERIC and Cochrane databases were searched for articles which included anatomical questions asked to ChatGPT. From each article, we extracted the following data: authors, type of study (qualitative or quantitative), presence or not of comparison of ChatGPT with other platforms or humans, type of questions asked to ChatGPT and evaluation of the answers to these questions.