Iatrogenic Type A Aortic Dissection Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Iatrogenic type A aortic dissection (IAAD) is a rare but life-threatening complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), often presenting significant therapeutic challenges. A looped guidewire between the right subclavian artery and brachiocephalic artery during coronary angiography (CAG) via right radial artery access can complicate catheter manipulation. This report discusses the case of a 58-year-old hypertensive female patient who developed aortic dissection during PCI, specifically due to wire manipulation at the brachiocephalic loop.

A Survey on Knowledge, Attitude & Practice of Yakshagana Mela Artists Towards Music-Induced Hearing Loss.

Purpose: Yakshagana is a type of folk-art theatre portraying mythological and historical stories. It includes artists who play predominantly percussion instruments besides cymbals and harmonium. Professional musicians exposing themselves to deafening sounds are prone to develop noise-induced complications.

Early prehabilitation reduces admissions and time in hospital in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer.

Objectives: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the UK. Prehabilitation aims to maximise patient fitness and minimise the negative impact of anticancer treatment. What constitutes prehabilitation before non-surgical anticancer treatment is not well established.

SASE, Success and Adverse event Score in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: a Novel Grading System.

Background: Validated, accepted grading tools for preprocedural complexity assessment in ERCP are lacking. We therefore created a grading system for ERCP based on the classification used by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE).

Methods: Data on ERCP adverse events (AE) and success were collected in a multicenter, prospective uncontrolled study.

Early prehabilitation in suspected locally advanced and metastatic lung cancer.

Objectives: The most common treatment for locally advanced and metastatic lung cancer is best supportive care. Patients with lung cancer are often comorbid with a high symptom burden. We wanted to assess whether early prehabilitation was feasible in patients with likely lung cancer.

IV Thrombolysis vs Early Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Mild Noncardioembolic Ischemic Stroke.

Background Objectives: It is unclear whether IV thrombolysis (IVT) outperforms early dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in the acute setting of mild ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to compare the early safety and efficacy of IVT with that of DAPT.

Methods: Data of mild noncardioembolic stroke patients with admission NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≤3 who received IVT or early DAPT in the period 2018-2021 were extracted from a nationwide, prospective stroke unit registry.

Polymorphisms within Autophagy-Related Genes as Susceptibility Biomarkers for Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis of Three Large Cohorts and Functional Characterization.

Multiple myeloma (MM) arises following malignant proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, that secrete high amounts of specific monoclonal immunoglobulins or light chains, resulting in the massive production of unfolded or misfolded proteins. Autophagy can have a dual role in tumorigenesis, by eliminating these abnormal proteins to avoid cancer development, but also ensuring MM cell survival and promoting resistance to treatments. To date no studies have determined the impact of genetic variation in autophagy-related genes on MM risk.

Extensive subcutaneous emphysema secondary to endodontic treatment.

Subcutaneous emphysema is a relatively rare phenomenon, in the context of dentistry related to iatrogenic injury, with only 32 cases reported between 1993 and 2008. This article aims to discuss the relevance and importance of this issue to dentists, including how to identify the condition and its management.

European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology position paper on endoscopic scoring of nasal polyposis.

Nasal endoscopy is not only used for the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), but also for monitoring the response to therapy playing an important role in both daily practice and research. In contrast to patient-reported outcomes, endoscopic nasal polyp scoring by independent blinded readers is an objective measurement, not influenced by the placebo effect. It is safer and cheaper compared with computed tomography imaging and therefore, better suited for regular assessments of the extent of the disease.

Factors that influence hospital nurses' escalation of patient care in response to their early warning score: A qualitative evidence synthesis.

Background: The Early Warning Score (EWS) is a validated tool that has improved patient outcomes internationally. This scoring system is used within the hospital setting to identify potentially deteriorating patients, thus expediting referral to appropriate medical personnel. It is increasingly recognised that there are other influencing factors along with EWS, which impact on nurses' decisions to escalate care.

Does hydroxychloroquine improve patient reported outcomes in patients with lupus?

Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use is associated with less disease activity, flares, damage and improved survival in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). However, its effect on patient reported health outcomes (PROs) such as quality of life (QOL) is not known.

Methods: International data from Study on Outcomes of Lupus (SOUL) from 2,161 SLE patients were compared by HCQ use.

A qualitative evidence synthesis of users' experience of mobile health applications in the self-management of type 2 diabetes.

Aim: The aim of this qualitative evidence synthesis was to identify and synthesise qualitative research relating to experiences of using mobile health (mHealth) applications to aid self-management of Type 2 Diabetes.

Methods: Using a systematic search strategy, 11 databases were searched (Medline, CINAHL, PsychInfo, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest A&1, ProQuest UK & Ireland, Mednar). "Best fit" framework synthesis was used guided by the Health Information Technology Acceptance Model (HITAM).

A Metabolomics-Based Approach to Identify Lineage Guiding Molecules in Pericyte Cultures.

We report the use of self-assembled peptide (F/S) hydrogels and cellular metabolomics to identify a number of innate molecules that are integral to the metabolic processes which drive cellular differentiation of multipotent pericyte stem cells. The culture system relies solely on substrate mechanics to induce differentiation in the absence of traditional differentiation media and therefore is a non-invasive approach to assessing cellular behavior at the molecular level and identifying key metabolites in this process. This novel approach demonstrates that simple metabolites can provide an alternative means to direct stem cell differentiation and that biomaterials can be used to identify them simply and quickly.

Characterization of Human Pericyte Phenotype by Immunohistochemistry.

Pericytes are found in all vascularized organs and are defined anatomically as perivascular cells that closely surround endothelial cells in capillaries and microvessels and are embedded within the same basement membrane. They have been shown to have diverse physiological and pathological functions including regulation of blood pressure, and tissue regeneration and scarring. Fundamental to understanding the role these cells play in these diverse processes is the ability to accurately identify and localize them in vivo.

Assessment of Pericyte Phenotype by Flow Cytometry.

Pericytes are mural cells closely associated with endothelial cells in capillaries and microvessels. They are precursors of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells that have historically been retrospectively characterized in culture. We established a protocol, described in this chapter, to characterize and isolate pericytes from multiple human organs by flow cytometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting.

Surgery in Nasal Polyp Patients: Outcome After a Minimum Observation of 10 Years.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) often requires surgery, but recurrence even after surgery is common. Recurrence rates largely vary in literature and asthma seems to be a comorbid factor.

Objective: In this study, we aim to estimate disease recurrence during a long-term follow-up, together with the investigation of possible predicting and/or influencing parameters.

Vital Role of Ultrasound in the Era of COVID-19: Arriving at the Right Diagnosis Real Time.

Unlabelled: Ultrasound has become an integral part for assessment of critically ill patients. It has helped in diagnosing and treating critically ill patients. The added advantage of ultrasonography is that it is a fantastic diagnostic tool that is easily available at the bedside, repeatable, more objective, and has a steep learning curve.

Reconstructive trends following mastectomies in Scotland: A comparison with England.

Introduction: In England there has been a substantial increase in the use of immediate implant-based reconstruction, accounting for over half of all immediate reconstructions (IR). Less than one third of patients in England undergo autologous reconstruction IR. Our aim was to examine IR trends in Scotland.

Intracoronary ALLogeneic heart STem cells to Achieve myocardial Regeneration (ALLSTAR): a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial.

Aims: Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) are cardiac progenitor cells that exhibit disease-modifying bioactivity in various models of cardiomyopathy and in previous clinical studies of acute myocardial infarction (MI), dilated cardiomyopathy, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The aim of the study was to assess the safety and efficacy of intracoronary administration of allogeneic CDCs in the multicentre, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, intracoronary ALLogeneic heart STem cells to Achieve myocardial Regeneration (ALLSTAR) trial.

Methods And Results: We enrolled patients 4 weeks to 12 months after MI, with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% and LV scar size ≥15% of LV mass by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Comparison of Unyvero P55 Pneumonia Cartridge, in-house PCR and culture for the identification of respiratory pathogens and antibiotic resistance in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids in the critical care setting.

Faster respiratory pathogen detection and antibiotic resistance identification are important in critical care due to the severity of illness, significant prior antibiotic exposure and infection control implications. Our objective was to compare the performance of the commercial Unyvero P55 Pneumonia Cartridge (Curetis AG) with routine bacterial culture methods and in-house bacterial multiplex real-time PCR assays. Seventy-four bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from patients admitted to a Scottish intensive care unit (ICU) over a 33-month period were tested prospectively by routine culture and viral PCR and retrospectively by Unyvero P55 and in-house bacterial PCR.

Bio-Alcamid complications: A 10 year review.

This article is a follow up to "Early and late complications of polyalkimide gel (Bio-Alcamid)". It is a summary of late complications that have developed in patients treated with Bio-Alcamid for HIV lipoatrophy following extended follow up of 10 years.