The keyhole technique for arthroscopic tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon. In vivo prospective study with a radio-opaque marker.

Introduction: In some clinical situations such as when the Long Head of the Biceps (LHB) is unstable or with an "hourglass biceps", treatment is required. Tenodesis is an alternative to tenotomy to prevent the Popeye sign. Although sutures, anchors or interference screws may be used, they all have complications and drawbacks.

Organization for rare diseases India (ORDI) - addressing the challenges and opportunities for the Indian rare diseases' community.

In order to address the unmet needs and create opportunities that benefit patients with rare disease in India, a group of volunteers created a not-for-profit organization named Organization for Rare Diseases India (ORDI; www.ordindia.org).

The sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacotherapy characteristics influencing quality of life in patients with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study.

Context: Quality of life (QOL) assessment in patients with epilepsy (PWE) is increasingly recognized as an important component in the management of epilepsy.

Aims: The objective of the present study was to assess influence of sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacotherapy characteristics collectively on QOL in adult PWE.

Settings And Design: This was a cross-sectional, observational study in patients with confirmed diagnosis of epilepsy.

Perioperative blood management.

Perioperative anaemia and allogenic blood transfusion (ABT) are known to increase the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. The quality, cost and availability of blood components are also major limitations with regard to ABT. Perioperative patient blood management (PBM) strategies should be aimed at minimizing and improving utilization of blood components.

Sleep disorders in children with cerebral palsy and its correlation with sleep disturbance in primary caregivers and other associated factors.

Aims: To observe prevalence of sleep disturbance (SD) in cerebral palsy (CP) children in a specific age-group and its correlation with SD in primary caregivers and other associated factors.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. SD assessed using Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) in CP children and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in caregivers.

Arthroscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior cuff tears.

Purpose: To evaluate, in a multicenter, prospective study, the clinical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and radiologic results of arthroscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi (LD) tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears; and to assess the influence of perioperative data on clinical results.

Methods: Fifty-five patients with irreparable tears of at least the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons were managed with arthroscopic-assisted LD tendon transfer and reviewed clinically, with standardized radiographs and MRI, after a mean of 29 months. Outcome measures included the Constant score and the Subjective Shoulder Value.

Fungal peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: The impact of antifungal prophylaxis on patient and technique outcomes.

Fungal peritonitis (FP) is a rare, but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. We analyzed the incidence of FP, associated risk factors and outcome of patients with FP and evaluated the role of prophylactic antifungal agent in reducing its incidence. We studied all patients with FP from January 2005 to January 2012.

Switching from basal or basal-bolus insulin to biphasic insulin aspart 30: Results from the Indian cohort of the A1 chieve study.

Aim: To determine the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) therapy in the Indian patients with type 2 diabetes previously on basal or basal-bolus insulin therapies.

Materials And Methods: Patients switching from insulin glargine, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, or basal-bolus insulin to BIAsp 30 in the Indian cohort of the A1 chieve study were included. Safety and efficacy of treatment was evaluated over 24 weeks.

Calretinin immunohistochemistry versus improvised rapid Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry in the evaluation of colorectal biopsies for Hirschsprung disease.

Background: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry on rectal mucosal biopsies accurately diagnoses Hirschsprung disease (HD), but is not widely employed as it requires special tissue handling and pathologist expertise. Calretinin immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been reported to be comparable to AChE staining with the loss of expression correlating with aganglionosis.

Aim: The aim was to evaluate calretinin IHC as a primary diagnostic tool in comparison to the improvised rapid AChE technique in the diagnosis of HD.

Assessment of the population-level effectiveness of the Avahan HIV-prevention programme in South India: a preplanned, causal-pathway-based modelling analysis.

Background: Avahan, the India AIDS initiative of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, was a large-scale, targeted HIV prevention intervention. We aimed to assess its overall effectiveness by estimating the number and proportion of HIV infections averted across Avahan districts, following the causal pathway of the intervention.

Methods: We created a mathematical model of HIV transmission in high-risk groups and the general population using data from serial cross-sectional surveys (integrated behavioural and biological assessments, IBBAs) within a Bayesian framework, which we used to reproduce HIV prevalence trends in female sex workers and their clients, men who have sex with men, and the general population in 24 South Indian districts over the first 4 years (2004-07 or 2005-08 dependent on the district) and the full 10 years (2004-13) of the Avahan programme.

Correlation of CD4 counts with the FNAC patterns of tubercular lymphadenitis in patients with HIV: a cross sectional pilot study.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of TB lymphadenitis (TBL) in HIV shows four different patterns, which may be reflective of immune status. We hypothesize that the CD(4) counts, a marker of immunologic status, correlates with FNAC morphology of TBL. This study was undertaken to compare the mean CD(4) counts across the different cytology patterns and to correlate the CD(4) counts with FNAC patterns in these patients.

Chylothorax in gastric adenocarcinoma: A case report and systematic review of the English literature.

Background: Chylothorax is a rare complication of gastric adenocarcinoma and data on its identification, prevalence and outcomes are scant.

Objectives: To enable identification of gastric carcinoma as a cause of chylothorax.

Methods: A case report and a systematic review were conducted of all reported cases of gastric adenocarcinoma with chylothorax as the presenting complaint in the English literature.

A miniseries of spontaneous intramural esophageal hematoma in hemodialysis patients: a rare cause of dysphagia.

Intramural esophageal hematoma (IEH) is an uncommon clinical condition, with a prognosis that is essentially benign. In most cases, a predisposing factor may be seen, with the most common being the history of esophagic instrumentation, food impactions, and thrombocytopenia. We report a miniseries of 3 patients on hemodialysis, who developed IEH.

A Majority of Low (1-10%) ER Positive Breast Cancers Behave Like Hormone Receptor Negative Tumors.

Background: The 2010 guidelines by ASCO-CAP have mandated that breast cancer specimens with ≥1% positively staining cells by immunohistochemistry should be considered Estrogen Receptor (ER) positive. This has led to a subclass of low-ER positive (1-10%) breast cancers. We have examined the biology and clinical behavior of these low ER staining tumors.

Management of adult recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with oral acyclovir following micro laryngeal surgery: a case series.

To demonstrate the role of oral acyclovir in monthly regimes after microdebrider assisted excision in 3 patients with adult recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (ARRP). Three patients with ARRP who presented to a tertiary referral hospital in stridor were initially treated with a tracheostomy in order to secure airway. On further evaluation by videolaryngoscopy extensive bilateral laryngeal papillomatosis was noted with history of similar conditions in the past for which they were repeatedly operated.

A Study to Evaluate Lipid Profile in Treatment Naïve HIV Positive Patients.

HIV infection is associated with lipid abnormalities in treatment naïve patients. CD4 count is used for monitoring the HIV infection. Primary objective was to evaluate and correlate lipid profile and CD4 counts in HIV infection.

Acute necrotising pancreatitis associated with leptospirosis-a case report.

Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis is a rare complication of leptospirosis and this association carries a high mortality rate. Only few cases have been reported in literature. We hereby report one such case we encountered.

Management of statin intolerance.

Statins are the revolutionary drugs in the cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. But they also possess several adverse effects like myopathy with elevation of hepatic transaminases (>3 times the upper limit of normal) or creatine kinase (>10 times the upper limit of normal) and some rare side-effects, including peripheral neuropathy, memory loss, sleep disturbances, and erectile dysfunction. Due to these adverse effects, patients abruptly withdrew statins without consulting physicians.

The role of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in post-extubation respiratory failure: An evaluation using meta-analytic techniques.

Background: The use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in post-extubation respiratory failure is not well-established. Meta-analytic techniques were used to assess the effects of prophylactic application of NIPPV (prior to the development of respiratory failure) and therapeutic application of NIPPV (subsequent to the development of respiratory failure).

Materials And Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 1966 to May 2010 were identified using electronic databases.