Body composition of type 2 diabetes patients in Uganda: A case-control study.

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity among people diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been widely documented. However, the specific composition of this bodyweight remains largely unknown. The study aimed to understand the body composition of T2DM patients using the bioelectric impedance analysis technique, comparing findings to sex and agematched controls.

A cross-sectional population survey on stroke knowledge and attitudes in Greater Kampala, Uganda.

Background: Stroke is a neurological condition with rapidly increasing burden in many low- and middle income countries. Africa is particularly hard-hit due to rapid population growth, patterns of industrialization, adoption of harmful western diets, and increased prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension and obesity. Reducing stroke risk factors and teaching people to respond to stroke warning signs can prevent stroke and reduce burden.

Prevalence and incidence of neurological disorders among adult Ugandans in rural and urban Mukono district; a cross-sectional study.

Background: The burden of neurological diseases is increasing in developing countries. However, there is a prominent scarcity of literature on the incidence of neurological diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the prevalence and incidence of neurological diseases in this setting to serve as a baseline for planning and care for neurological disorders in Uganda.

Blood and urine inducible protein 10 as potential markers of disease activity.

Setting: Blood interferon-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10) has been proposed as a biomarker of disease activity for both tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Urine IP-10 has been detected in adults with active TB, and its level decreases after successful anti-tuberculosis treatment.

Objective: To evaluate blood and urine IP-10 as biomarker of disease activity.

Tropical Endomyocardial Fibrosis: Natural History, Challenges, and Perspectives.

Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a neglected disease of poverty that afflicts rural populations in tropical low-income countries, with some certain high-prevalence areas. Tropical EMF is characterized by the deposition of fibrous tissue in the endomyocardium, leading to restrictive physiology. Since the first descriptions in Uganda in 1948, high-frequency areas for EMF have included Africa, Asia, and South America.

Effect of a 72 Hour Stroke Care Bundle on Early Outcomes after Acute Stroke: A Non Randomised Controlled Study.

Background: Integrated care pathways (ICP) in stroke management are increasingly being implemented to improve outcomes of acute stroke patients. We evaluated the effect of implementing a 72 hour stroke care bundle on early outcomes among patients admitted within seven days post stroke to the national referral hospital in Uganda.

Methods: In a one year non-randomised controlled study, 127 stroke patients who had 'usual care' (control group) were compared to 127 stroke patients who received selected elements from an ICP (intervention group).

Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus - a case report of a rare cause of diabetes mellitus in East Africa.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterised by chronically high glucose levels. Genetic factors have been implicated in the aetiology following mutations in a single gene. An extremely rare form of diabetes mellitus is monogenic diabetes, a subset of which is permanent neonatal diabetes, and is usually suspected if a child is diagnosed with diabetes at less than 6 months of age.

Is insulin diluted when stored in water?

Background: Insulin storage is a challenge in resource-poor countries. In Uganda, patients were noted to store insulin vials by submerging them in water.

Objective: To examine whether withdrawing insulin from a vial without adding air back causes a vacuum which allows water to enter the vial, resulting in insulin dilution.

Prevalence and correlates of diabetes mellitus in Uganda: a population-based national survey.

Objective: We analysed fasting blood glucose (FBG) and other data collected as part of a population-based nationwide non-communicable disease risk factor survey, to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) and diabetes mellitus and to identify associated factors in Uganda.

Methods: The nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted between April and July 2014. Participants were adults aged 18-69 years.

Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of stroke: a cross-sectional survey in rural and urban Uganda.

Background: Information regarding the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases such as stroke is largely unknown among the vulnerable communities. This analysis, which is part of a larger U.S.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Parkinson's Disease in Rural and Urban Mukono District, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional, Community-Based Study.

Background. Parkinson's disease (PD) negatively affects the quality of life. There is limited information on PD published from Africa.

Community knowledge of and attitudes toward epilepsy in rural and urban Mukono district, Uganda: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The lack of adequate knowledge poses a barrier in the provision of appropriate treatment and care of patients with epilepsy within the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of and attitude towards epilepsy and its treatment by community dwellers in Uganda.

Methods: A cross sectional population survey was conducted in urban and rural Mukono district, central Uganda.

Predictors of Treatment Failure in HIV-Positive Children Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: Cohort Data From Mozambique and Uganda.

Background: Delays detecting treatment failure and switching to second-line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are often observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children of low-middle-income countries (LMIC).

Methods: An observational study included HIV-infected children attending the Beira Central Hospital (Mozambique) and the Nsambya Hospital, Home Care Department (Uganda) evaluated clinical and immunological failure according to World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 guidelines. Baseline predictors for cART failure and for drug substitution were explored in unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models.

Blood or Urine IP-10 Cannot Discriminate between Active Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Different from Tuberculosis in Children.

Objectives: Interferon-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10), either in blood or in urine, has been proposed as a tuberculosis (TB) biomarker for adults. This study aims to evaluate the potential of IP-10 diagnostics in children from Uganda, a high TB-endemic country.

Methods: IP-10 was measured in the blood and urine concomitantly taken from children who were prospectively enrolled with suspected active TB, with or without HIV infection.

Early mortality and functional outcome after acute stroke in Uganda: prospective study with 30 day follow-up.

Identification of early outcomes post stroke and their predictors is important in stroke management strategies. We prospectively analysed 30-day outcomes (mortality and functional ability) after stroke and their predictors among patients admitted within 7 days post event to a national referral hospital in Uganda. This was a prospective study of acute stroke patients consecutively enrolled between February and July 2014.

Knowledge and Perception of Stroke: A Population-Based Survey in Uganda.

Purpose: This study, designed to complement a large population survey on prevalence of stroke risk factors, assessed knowledge and perception of stroke and associated factors.

Methods: A population survey was conducted in urban Nansana and rural Busukuma, Wakiso district, central Uganda. Adult participants selected by multistage stratified sampling were interviewed about selected aspects of stroke knowledge and perception in a pretested structured questionnaire.

Viral load detection using dried blood spots in a cohort of HIV-1-infected children in Uganda: correlations with clinical and immunological criteria for treatment failure.

Correlations between clinical/immunological treatment failure and viral load (VL) detected by dried blood spot (DBS) sampling were explored in HIV-1-infected children in Uganda. Of 104 children on combined antiretroviral treatment (cART), 12.5% experienced clinical and/or immunological failure, while 28.

Utility of Transthoracic Echocardiography and Carotid Doppler Ultrasound in Differential Diagnosis and Management of Ischemic Stroke in a Developing Country.

Objective: We sought to describe findings, diagnostic yield, cost effectiveness of transthoracic echocardiography (TEE) and Carotid doppler ultrasound (CDU) in ischemic stroke.

Methods: Cross sectional study at Mulago hospital, Uganda. Institutional ethical approval, patient consent was obtained.

Prolonged elevation of viral loads in HIV-1-infected children in a region of intense malaria transmission in Northern Uganda: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Malaria and HIV-1 infection cause significant morbidity and mortality in children in sub-Saharan Africa. Recurrent malaria infection increases HIV-1 viral load in adults and increases the rate of progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS. The effect of malaria on viral loads in children living with AIDS (CLWA) is not clearly known.