Starfield's 4Cs of NCD management in primary healthcare: a conceptual framework development from a case study of 19 countries.

Introduction: Faced with a backdrop of an increasing chronic disease burden from an ageing global population compounded with rising healthcare costs, health systems are required to implement cost-effective, safe and equitable care through efficient service delivery models. One approach to achieving this is through Starfield's 4Cs of primary healthcare (PHC), which delineates the key attributes of a high-performing PHC system that upholds the pillars of care coordination, first contact of care, continuity of care and comprehensive care. Therefore, this study aims to explore and elucidate the key themes and subthemes related to and extending beyond Starfield's 4Cs of PHC by integrating findings from a comprehensive literature review and a qualitative study.

Peripheral Artery Disease Centres of Excellence in Canada - A Call to Action.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is responsible for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality in Canada. Despite the publication of recent guidelines outlining the diagnosis and management of PAD, delivery of care continues to be fragmented. With a growing number of medical and surgical techniques available, Centres of Excellence are a natural evolution in the advancement of care for patients living with PAD.

Anaphylaxis definition, overview, and clinical support tool: 2024 consensus report.

Background: The 2006 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network (NIAID/FAAN) anaphylaxis criteria are widely used in clinical care and research. In 2020, the World Allergy Organization (WAO) published modified criteria that have not been uniformly adopted. Different criteria contribute to inconsistent care and research outcomes.

ALTERNATIVE AUTOLOGOUS VEIN GRAFTS VERSUS SINGLE SEGMENT GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN IN LOWER EXTREMITY BYPASS SURGERY - SINGLE-CENTER STUDY.

Objectives: Studies comparing alternative autologous vein grafts (AAVG) to single-segment great saphenous vein (ssGSV) grafts report mixed results. The status of AAVG as first choice when ssGSV is unavailable is not unequivocal, based on current evidence. Our study compares results between AAVG and ssGSV in lower extremity bypass surgery.

Transforming Transplantation Access: A Federal Directive for Comprehensive Pre-Waitlisting Data Collection.

There is substantial variation in access to transplantation across the United States that is not entirely explained by the availability of donor organs. Barriers to transplantation and variation in care among patients with end-stage organ disease exist prior to patients' placement on a transplant waiting list as well as following waitlist placement. However, there are currently no national data available to examine rates and variations in key care processes related to pre-listing, including transplant referral, evaluation, or candidate selection.

Cerclage in singleton pregnancies with no prior spontaneous PTB and short cervix: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: PTB (PTB) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Cerclage for short cervical length (CL) ≤25mm in singletons with a history of spontaneous PTB is associated with decreased neonatal morbidity/mortality. Both vaginal progesterone and cerclage individually have level 1 evidence supporting benefit in prevention of PTB in pregnancies complicated by short CL, however there is a paucity of level 1 evidence regarding the potential benefit of cerclage with progesterone compared to progesterone alone for short CL ≤25mm in singletons without a history of spontaneous PTB.

Instrumented Facet Fusion in the Lumbosacral Spine: Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Results.

Objective: Surgical treatments for degenerative lumbar spinal disorders involve decompression of neural structures and arthrodesis to address pain from unstable intervertebral segments. Lumbar instrumented facet fusion (IFF), a less invasive technique, has shown positive short-term outcomes, but reports on its long-term outcomes are scarce. This study aims to report its long-term biomechanical stability and clinical outcomes.

Tongxinluo capsules for secondary prevention after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tongxinluo (TXL), a Chinese patent medicine, is commonly used for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TXL for secondary prevention after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Materials And Methods: A search for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted across seven electronic databases from inception to May 10, 2024.

Improved growth velocity using a new liquid human milk fortifier in Very Low Birth Weight infants: a multicenter, retrospective study.

Objective: To compare growth outcomes and tolerance among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants receiving a new, liquid human milk fortifier (LHMF-NEW) or a human milk fortifier-acidified liquid (HMF-AL).

Study Design: Retrospective, multicenter study of 515 VLBW infants in three regional NICUs. The primary objective was to compare growth velocity (g/kg/day) during fortification between groups by repeated measures regression.

Sequence variants in HECTD1 result in a variable neurodevelopmental disorder.

Dysregulation of genes encoding the homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT) E3 ubiquitin ligases has been linked to cancer and structural birth defects. One member of this family, the HECT-domain-containing protein 1 (HECTD1), mediates developmental pathways, including cell signaling, gene expression, and embryogenesis. Through GeneMatcher, we identified 14 unrelated individuals with 15 different variants in HECTD1 (10 missense, 3 frameshift, 1 nonsense, and 1 splicing variant) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and epilepsy.

[83-year-old with angina pectoris, hemoglobinuria and icterus].

An 83-year-old female patient presented with angina pectoris, hemoglobinuria and jaundice. Laboratory diagnostics proved difficult due to hemolysis in all blood tubes, following re-evaluation after warming the blood sample.With low haptoglobin, elevated lactate dehydrogenase and elevated indirect bilirubin, we made a suspected diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with cold antibodies, which was confirmed through a positive Coombs test and detection of C3d-loaded erythrocytes.

Coloured overlays improve reading speed and reading experience in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.

High prevalences of visual dysfunction and reading-related symptoms have been found in patients with rehabilitation needs after COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of coloured overlays on reading speed and reading experience. Twenty-nine patients (45.

Is a vertical fracture fragment after indirect reduction acceptable in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for acute mid-shaft clavicular fractures?

Purpose: Reduction and intraoperative maintenance of fracture fragments during minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) pose technical difficulties, particularly when the interposed fragment is angulated, prompting surgeons to attempt reduction due to concerns about nonunion or malunion. We aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of MIPO for mid-shaft clavicular fractures based on the reduced status of the interposed fragments.

Method: Fifty-seven patients who underwent MIPO for acute mid-shaft Robinson type 2B clavicular fractures were divided into two groups based on the alignment of the interposed fracture fragment.

Prolgolimab with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Prolgolimab is an IgG1 anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody with the Fc-silencing 'LALA' mutation. The phase III DOMAJOR study assessed efficacy and safety of prolgolimab in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy vs placebo in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: 292 patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive 4 cycles of pemetrexed, platinum-based drug and either prolgolimab (3 mg/kg Q3W) or placebo followed by prolgolimab/placebo with pemetrexed until disease progression or toxicity (≤36 months).

Relationship between nurse staffing during labor and cesarean birth rates in U.S. hospitals.

Background: Cesarean birth increases risk of maternal morbidity and mortality.

Purpose: Examine the relationship between labor and delivery staffing and hospital cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) rates.

Methods: Survey of U.

Oral Regimens for Rifampin-Resistant, Fluoroquinolone-Susceptible Tuberculosis.

Background: For decades, poor treatment options and low-quality evidence plagued care for patients with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis. The advent of new drugs to treat tuberculosis and enhanced funding now permit randomized, controlled trials of shortened-duration, all-oral treatments for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis.

Methods: We conducted a phase 3, multinational, open-label, randomized, controlled noninferiority trial to compare standard therapy for treatment of fluoroquinolone-susceptible, rifampin-resistant tuberculosis with five 9-month oral regimens that included various combinations of bedaquiline (B), delamanid (D), linezolid (L), levofloxacin (Lfx) or moxifloxacin (M), clofazimine (C), and pyrazinamide (Z).

Acute encephalopathy without hyperammonemia has a different presentation than overt hepatic encephalopathy and displays similarly severe prognosis.

Background And Aims: In cirrhosis, some patients display acute encephalopathy without hyperammonemia (NonHep E) which is not considered as overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). We aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of NonHep E and OHE in cirrhotic patients displaying acute encephalopathy, assess their respective prognosis and compare it to other causes of acute decompensation (AD) with/without hyperammonemia.

Approach And Results: We conducted a retrolective analysis from a prospective cohort of patients hospitalized for AD.

Demonstration of sizing nursing staff methods in intensive care.

Objective: to demonstrate the sizing of intensive care nursing staff estimated by two calculations, using the Nursing Activities Score as one of its central components.

Method: descriptive, retrospective study that compiled the Nursing Activities Score scores of patients in five Intensive Care Units of a hospital in southern Brazil. Two calculations were used to size the nursing staff.

Different measures of fundamental frequency and vocal satisfaction among transgender men and women.

Purpose: To verify possible correlations between fo and voice satisfaction among Brazilian transgender people.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ), voice recording (sustained vowel and automatic speech) and extraction of seven acoustic measurements related to fo position and variability in transgender people. Participants were divided into two groups according to gender.

Assessment of the content and quality of YouTube videos on retinopathy of prematurity: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos as an educational resource about retinopathy of prematurity.

Methods: Videos were sourced from YouTube using the search terms "retinopathy of prematurity" and "premature retinopathy" with the default settings. Each video was assessed on the following metrics: views, likes, dislikes, comments, upload source, country of origin, view ratio, like ratio, and video power index.

SAMURAI: shallow analysis of copy number alterations using a reproducible and integrated bioinformatics pipeline.

Shallow whole-genome sequencing (sWGS) offers a cost-effective approach to detect copy number alterations (CNAs). However, there remains a gap for a standardized workflow specifically designed for sWGS analysis. To address this need, in this work we present SAMURAI, a bioinformatics pipeline specifically designed for analyzing CNAs from sWGS data in a standardized and reproducible manner.

Buruli Ulcer Transmission: Environmental Pathways and Implications for Dermatologic Care.

Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing skin and soft tissue disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans that is common in hot and humid climates. Mycobacterium ulcerans is a nontuberculous mycobacterium and ubiquitous acid-fast gram-positive bacillus known to thrive in aquatic environments and water insects. The mode of transmission to humans is poorly understood and varies by geography.

Early MRI Can Predict the Indication for Surgery in Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: Results of the NAPTIME Study.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been routinely used for infants with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI); instead, the decision to operate is based on the trajectory of clinical recovery by 6 months of age. The aim of this study was to develop an MRI protocol that can be performed without sedation or contrast in order to identify infants who would benefit from surgery at an earlier age than the age at which that decision could be made clinically.

Methods: This prospective multicenter NAPTIME (Non-Anesthetized Plexus Technique for Infant MRI Evaluation) study included infants aged 28 to 120 days with BPBI from 3 tertiary care centers.

Acellular Dermal Matrices in Reconstructive Pediatric Complex Lower Limb Trauma: An Observational Study.

Background: Contemporary research has shown that acellular dermal matrices can benefit adult lower extremity traumatic injuries; however, its use in children has not been explored.

Objective: This study aims to explore the use of acellular dermal matrices in pediatric complex lower extremity trauma.

Methods: This single-center retrospective observational cohort study of children with complex lower extremity trauma treated with Pelnac™, commercial acellular dermal matrices, was conducted at a tertiary hospital in South Africa from 2010 to 2017.