Clinical Diagnosis and Management Challenges of Harlequin Ichthyosis in a Preterm Neonate: A Case Report From Uganda.

Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the gene. It is marked by distinctive skin abnormalities, including armor-like thickened scales separated by deep fissures. This condition is infrequently reported in the African population.

Practicing Emotional Self-awareness to Build Surgeon Resilience.

As surgeons, we work in a high-stress, high-stakes environment to take care of our patients. In this setting, it is not uncommon for us to experience microaggressions-subtle or indirect actions or statements that communicate a demeaning or exclusionary message, often unintentionally. Microaggressions can bring us down, taking away from the fulfillment that attracted many of us to this profession.

The Startle Response and Prepulse Inhibition in Psychosis and Violence: A Combined Electromyography and Electroencephalography Study.

There is a pressing need for biomarkers of violent behavior risk in psychosis. Previous research indicates that electrophysiological measures of automatic defensive reactions may have potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between violent behavior in individuals with and without psychosis and electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) responses to startling auditory stimuli.

A systematic review of cognitive telerehabilitation in patients with cognitive dysfunction.

Introduction: One of the possible treatment options for patient with cognitive dysfunction is cognitive telerehabilitation. Previous systematic reviews on cognitive telerehabilitation have focused on specific disease groups and the analysis of intervention methods did not differentiate between traditional face-to-face cognition treatment and usual care. In this systematic review, we aim to analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare telerehabilitation with face-to-face treatment or usual care for improving cognitive function in elderly individuals with cognitive dysfunction or patients with acquired brain injury.

Characterization of LTBP2 mutation causing mitral valve prolapse.

Aims: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common valvular disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with a strong genetic basis. This study aimed to identify a mutation in a family with MVP and to characterize the valve phenotype in LTBP2 knockout (KO) mice.

Methods And Results: Exome sequencing and segregation analysis were performed on a large family with MVP.

Elusive modes of Foxp3 activity in versatile regulatory T cells.

Foxp3-expressing CD4 regulatory T (Treg) cells play a crucial role in suppressing autoimmunity, tolerating food antigens and commensal microbiota, and maintaining tissue integrity. These multifaceted functions are guided by environmental cues through interconnected signaling pathways. Traditionally, Treg fate and function were believed to be statically determined by the forkhead box protein Foxp3 that directly binds to DNA.

Is Routine Group and Save Sampling Necessary for Emergency Laparoscopic Appendicectomy?

Background Laparoscopic appendicectomy is a commonly used approach for the surgical management of acute appendicitis. If complications arise, a blood transfusion may be necessary for patients undergoing emergency appendicectomy. The need for routine group and save (G&S) sampling prior to emergency laparoscopic appendicectomy remains a subject of ongoing discussion.

Evaluation of an oral health education training program for kindergarten teachers.

Objectives: This study aims to examine kindergarten teachers' satisfaction and their perceived impact of an oral health education (OHE) training program.

Methods: This study followed the steps outlined in the Program Evaluation Standards in Public Health recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong were invited to attend the OHE training.

Assessing the Benefit of a Digital Pain Alert System in a Community Hospital.

Introduction: In the last decade, clinical alert systems were developed for clinical use, including patient deterioration and other urgent clinical situations. However, investigations focusing on digital pain alert systems to assess and manage pain on time in in-hospital patients are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the implementation of digital pain alerts in the various departments of a community hospital.

The design and rationale of the cardiac REHABilitation to improve metabolic health in Hypertrophic CardioMyopathy (REHAB-HCM) Study.

Study Objective: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic myocardial disorder increasingly characterized by concomitant metabolic syndrome. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to improve metabolic parameters in populations with heart failure and myocardial infarction. However, there is a paucity of data on the impact of CR in the HCM population with metabolic syndrome.

Optimizing Clinical Postgraduate Training: Perspectives of Postgraduate Alumni Regarding Their Residency Training at Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda.

Background: Understanding alumni satisfaction and the competencies gained during university training can guide improvements in education quality, particularly in higher education institutions. This study at Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) explored the factors influencing alumni decisions, their residency experiences, and their levels of satisfaction. Additionally, it provided recommendations for improving graduate training programs.

F-FDG PET/CT in Inflammation and Infection: Procedural Guideline by the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine.

Abstract: This guideline outlines the use of F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography for the diagnosis and management of infectious and inflammatory diseases. It provides detailed recommendations for healthcare providers on patient preparation, imaging procedures, and the interpretation of results. Adapted from international standards and tailored to local clinical practices, the guideline emphasizes safety, quality control, and effective use of the technology in various conditions, including spinal infections, diabetic foot, osteomyelitis, vasculitis, and cardiac inflammation.

F-FDOPA PET/CT in Oncology: Procedural Guideline by the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine.

This guideline outlines the use of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography / computed tomography for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors, brain tumors, and other tumorous conditions. It provides detailed recommendations on patient preparation, imaging procedures, and result interpretation. Based on international standards and adapted to local clinical practices, the guideline emphasizes safety, quality control, and the effective application of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography / computed tomography for various tumors such as insulinomas, pheochromocytomas, and medullary thyroid carcinoma.

The efficacy and safety of first-line monotherapies in primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis: a systematic review.

Objective: Several antifungals are available for the treatment of patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA). This study aims to evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of the first-line monotherapies in primary therapy of IA through network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP database, Wanfang database, and China Biology Medicine for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to July 2023 that evaluated the efficacy and safety of monotherapies.

Impact of glucocorticoids on the therapeutic efficacy of denosumab against osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and prolonged high-dose glucocorticoid (GC) treatment are established risk factors for osteoporosis.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of denosumab according to the GC dose considered to increase the risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in patients with RA.

Design: A retrospective analysis of collected data on RA patients with osteoporosis starting denosumab.

Effectiveness of Oral Semaglutide in Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study from India.

Introduction: Oral Semaglutide (Sema-o) is the first oral glucagon like peptide-1 receptor analogue (GLP-1RA) commercially available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Sema-o in patients with T2D when added to the existing therapy.

Methods: This retrospective real-world study enrolled adult patients with diabetes taking Sema-o, with at least one follow-up (from February 2022 till October 2023).

Abducens Nerve Duplication: Novel Intraoperative and Radiographic Observation of a Rare Anatomical Variant.

 The abducens nerve has a long, serpentine subarachnoid course with complex topographical relationships, rendering abducens nerve palsy the most common ocular motor cranial nerve palsy in adults and second most common in pediatric patients, with anatomical variants reported in the literature. Preoperative awareness of abducens nerve variant anatomy may help prevent inadvertent intraoperative injury.  This study is a case report with a review of the abducens nerve anatomy and variants.

Sjogren's Syndrome Complicated by Naso-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Case Report.

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction. Mucormycosis is a rare yet life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection caused by species, with a high mortality rate. In patients undergoing long-term immunosuppressive therapy or corticosteroid use, especially when compounded by conditions such as diabetes or hyperlipidemia, Mucor can become pathogenic.

One day in Denmark: whole-genome sequence-based analysis of Escherichia coli isolates from clinical settings.

Background: WGS can potentially be routinely used in clinical microbiology settings, especially with the increase in sequencing accuracy and decrease in cost. Escherichia coli is the most common bacterial species analysed in those settings, thus fast and accurate diagnostics can lead to reductions in morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs.

Objectives: To evaluate WGS for diagnostics and surveillance in a collection of clinical E.

Regional variations in incidence of surgical site infection and associated risk factors in women undergoing cesarean section: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common postoperative complications after cesarean section (CS), with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs.

Objective: To systematically estimate the global incidence and identify the risk factors associated with SSI, focusing on the variation between high- and low-income countries.

Search Strategy And Selection Criteria: Observational studies reporting on the incidence of SSI after CS were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase and SCOPUS.

Orthopaedic Sports Injuries in an Aging Population: Current Trends and Future Projections.

Background: The elderly US population is growing quickly and staying active longer. However, there is limited information on sports-related injuries in older adults.

Hypotheses: (1) National estimate and incidence of sports-related orthopaedic injuries in the US elderly population have increased over the last 10 years, (2) types and causes of sports-related injuries in the elderly have changed, and (3) elderly sports-related injuries will increase more than the number of treating physicians by 2040.

Prospective multi-centre analysis of rural trauma team development training for medical trainees and traffic law enforcement professionals in Uganda: an interrupted time series study.

Background: Research shows that trauma team formation could potentially improve effectiveness of injury care in rural settings. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of rural trauma team training amongst medical trainees and traffic law enforcement professionals in Uganda.

Methods: Prospective multi-centre interrupted time series analysis of an interventional training based on the 4th edition of rural trauma team development course of the American College of Surgeons.

Periprosthetic femoral fractures in minimally-invasive anterolateral short stem versus transgluteal straight stem cementless total hip arthroplasty: What are the differences in the femoral and pelvic morphology?

Background: The occurrence of periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFFs) in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) might be associated with the proximal femoral morphology and the pelvis. PFFs in short stem THA are associated with an increased Canal Flare Index. PFFs in straight stem THA show a decreased Canal Flare Index.