Periodic Table of Immunomodulatory Elements and Derived Two-Dimensional Biomaterials.

Periodic table of chemical elements serves as the foundation of material chemistry, impacting human health in many different ways. It contributes to the creation, growth, and manipulation of functional metallic, ceramic, metalloid, polymeric, and carbon-based materials on and near an atomic scale. Recent nanotechnology advancements have revolutionized the field of biomedical engineering to tackle longstanding clinical challenges.

Maternal shift work during pregnancy and cardiovascular health impacts on mother and offspring.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for women worldwide. One of the risk factors for CVD in women is complications during pregnancy. Pregnancy complications include a wide arena of pathologies, including hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery and miscarriage.

Outcomes among patients with coronary artery bypass grafts presenting with acute coronary syndrome: impact of revascularization.

Background: Patients post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) can re-present with acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, culprit lesion identification, as well as revascularization, is often challenging. Furthermore, the impact of revascularization in this patient group is relatively unknown.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with previous CABG surgery presenting with ACS.

A flavoromics approach to investigate the effect of Saskatoon berry powder on the sensory attributes, acceptability, volatile components, and electronic nose responses of a low-fat frozen yogurt.

Introduction: Saskatoon berries are grown in Canada and some northwestern states in the United States, and are notable for containing abundant antioxidant polyphenols, vitamins, metal elements, and fiber. To increase consumer interest in and accessibility to Saskatoon berries, some producers have begun to develop processes for refining Saskatoon berries into a powder with an extended shelf life that can be incorporated into a variety of value-added food products. To assess the desirability of this approach, this study sought to determine how the sensory attributes, consumer acceptability, and volatile and non-volatile composition of a plain, Greek-style frozen yogurt (PY) changed when fortified with 16% Saskatoon berry powder (SBP).

Long-term enteral nutrition with a nasogastric tube can be safe and effective: A case report.

Home enteral nutrition (HEN) is a vital feeding practice for those who have chronic disorders that prevent them from eating normally. Although short-term feeding is predominantly done via nasogastric (NG) tubes and long-term feeding is done via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube, we present a case that demonstrates that the long-term use of NG tubes may be possible. Our case involves an adult woman who has been fed via an NG tube for >3 years with no complications.

Frequency of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Admitted With Acute Stroke at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar.

Background Patients hospitalized with acute stroke are at risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI), and when both conditions occur together, patient outcomes are often worse. The relationship between stroke type, patient characteristics, and the development of AKI is not fully understood, particularly in tertiary care settings in Pakistan, where healthcare resources and patient characteristics may differ from Western populations. Objective To determine the frequency of AKI and identify associated risk factors, including stroke type, severity, and comorbidities, in patients presenting with acute stroke at a tertiary care center in Pakistan, the Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar.

Molecular and metabolomic characterization of hiPSC-derived cardiac fibroblasts transitioning to myofibroblasts.

Background: Mechanical stress and pathological signaling trigger the activation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, which impacts extracellular matrix composition, disrupts normal wound healing, and can generate deleterious fibrosis. Myocardial fibrosis independently promotes cardiac arrhythmias, sudden cardiac arrest, and contributes to the severity of heart failure. Fibrosis can also alter cell-to-cell communication and increase myocardial stiffness which eventually may lead to lusitropic and inotropic cardiac dysfunction.

Use of Intraoperative Hemostatic Checklists for Blood Management in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Scoping Review.

Background: Using intraoperative hemostatic checklists may improve rates of surgical re-exploration and utilization of allogenic blood products in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In this review, the authors explore the current evidence describing the impact of using intraoperative hemostatic checklists on reducing rates of surgical bleeding and perioperative blood product transfusion in this group of patients.

Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, electronic information was obtained via sources that included Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.

Muscarinic acetylcholine type 1 receptor antagonism activates TRPM3 to augment mitochondrial function and drive axonal repair in adult sensory neurons.

Objective: Antagonism of the muscarinic acetylcholine type 1 receptor (MR) promotes sensory axon repair and is protective in peripheral neuropathy, however, the mechanism remains elusive. We investigated the role of the heat-sensing transient receptor potential melastatin-3 (TRPM3) cation channel in MR antagonism-mediated nerve regeneration and explored the potential of TRPM3 activation to facilitate axonal plasticity.

Methods: Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from adult control or diabetic rats were cultured and treated with TRPM3 agonists (CIM0216, pregnenolone sulfate) and MR antagonists pirenzepine (PZ) or muscarinic toxin 7 (MT7).

Identification of an early subset of cerebellar nuclei neurons in mice.

Cerebellar nuclei (CN) neurons serve as the primary output of the cerebellum and originate from the cerebellar primordium at early stages of cerebellar development. These neurons are diverse, integrating information from the cerebellar cortex and relaying it to various brain regions. Employing various methodologies, we have characterized a specific subset of CN neurons that do not originate from the rhombic lip or ventricular zone of the cerebellar primordium.

The Use of Arts-Based Methods to Enhance Patient Engagement in Health Research.

Introduction: Patient and care partner engagement in research (PER) is important in generating knowledge to improve healthcare. Arts-based methods (ABM) use art in the research process to share aesthetic knowledge, which is knowledge that may be too complex to share only verbally. Together, PER and ABM are potentially synergistic, as both are participatory, problem-focused, dialogic, and collaborative; yet little is known of the utility of ABM for PER.

Distinct autoregulatory roles of ELFN1 intracellular and extracellular domains on membrane trafficking, synaptic localization, and dimerization.

Synaptic adhesion molecules are essential components of the synapse, yet the diversity of these molecules and their associated functions remain to be fully characterized. Extracellular leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 1 (ELFN1) is a postsynaptic adhesion molecule in the brain that has been increasingly implicated in human neurological disease. ELFN1 is best known for trans-synaptically modulating group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs).

International cross-sectional survey on current and updated definitions of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome.

Background: The Abdominal Compartment Society (WSACS) established consensus definitions and recommendations for the management of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in 2006, and they were last updated in 2013. The WSACS conducted an international survey between 2022 and 2023 to seek the agreement of healthcare practitioners (HCPs) worldwide on current and new candidate statements that may be used for future guidelines.

Methods: A self-administered, online cross-sectional survey was conducted under the auspices of the WSACS to assess the level of agreement among HCPs over current and new candidate statements.

Oat-Protein-Based Diet Lowers Blood Pressure and Prevents Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

Hypertension and its associated complications, such as cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, continue to impose a significant burden on global healthcare. Nutritional interventions have been recognized as playing a crucial role in addressing this devastating condition termed a 'silent killer'. Plant-based proteins could potentially be utilized as a non-pharmacological strategy to combat hypertension and its related risk factors.

Age- and sex-associated alterations in hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics and inflammatory-associated signaling in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and associated inflammatory signaling are pivotal in both aging and in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have also shown that hypothalamic function is affected in AD. The hypothalamus may be a target for AD drugs given that mitochondrial alterations are observed in the hypothalamus.

Comprehensive prediction of outcomes in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using tree-based machine learning algorithms.

ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a subtype of acute coronary syndrome, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Revascularization using primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold standard treatment. Despite the restoration of myocardial blood flow, some patients experience adverse outcomes.

The Role of Retinoic-Acid-Related Orphan Receptor (RORs) in Cellular Homeostasis.

Retinoic-acid-related orphan receptors (RORs) are transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor subfamily consisting of RORα, RORβ, and RORγ. By binding to the ROR response elements (ROREs) on target gene promoters, RORs regulate a wide variety of cellular processes, including autophagy, mitophagy, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The regulatory roles of RORs are observed in cardiac cells, hepatocytes, pulmonary epithelial cells, renal cells, immune cells, and cancer cells.

Computer-Aided Identification and Design of Ligands for Multi-Targeting Inhibition of a Molecular Acute Myeloid Leukemia Network.

Background/objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by therapeutic failure and long-term risk for disease relapses. As several therapeutic targets participate in networks, they can rewire to eventually evade single-target drugs. Hence, multi-targeting approaches are considered on the expectation that interference with many different components could synergistically hinder activation of alternative pathways and demolish the network one-off, leading to complete disease remission.

A survey of bridging bone on chest radiography shows a greater than expected prevalence of marginal syndesmophytes.

Background: The recognition of thin marginal spinal syndesmophytes is important, in part due to their association with non-traumatic or mildly traumatic vertebral fractures.

Purpose: To determine a lower limit on the prevalence of marginal spinal syndesmophytes using chest radiographs.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 500 chest radiographs, assessing the prevalence of thin marginal syndesmophytes, bridging or near-bridging osteophytes, and flowing paravertebral ossifications in the thoracic intervertebral discs among individuals aged 16 years and older in a North American city.

Detectability of cytokine and chemokine using ELISA, following sample-inactivation using Triton X-100 or heat.

Clinical samples are routinely inactivated before molecular assays to prevent pathogen transmission. Antibody-based assays are sensitive to changes in analyte conformation, but the impact of inactivation on the analyte detectability has been overlooked. This study assessed the effects of commonly used inactivation-methods, Triton X-100 (0.

Cardiac oxylipin perturbances in response to 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol exposure are ameliorated by dietary adequacy of the essential n-3 fatty acid, α-linolenic acid.

2-Monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) is a food contaminant with demonstrated cardiotoxicity in rats. This adverse effect was previously associated with lower anti-inflammatory docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived cardiac oxylipins in F344 rats. This previous study utilized corn oil as the dietary lipid; we therefore investigated whether deficient (0.

Is there any association between type of dietary fat and quality of life in hemodialysis patients? A cross-sectional study.

Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a low quality of life (QOL), and dietary intakes may impact both somatic and psychosocial aspects of QOL. Nevertheless, the relationship between QOL and different dietary fats has not yet been evaluated.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between QOL and the types/quantities of dietary fats intake in HD patients.