DOME Registry: implementing community-wide recommendations for reporting supervised machine learning in biology.

Supervised machine learning (ML) is used extensively in biology and deserves closer scrutiny. The Data Optimization Model Evaluation (DOME) recommendations aim to enhance the validation and reproducibility of ML research by establishing standards for key aspects such as data handling and processing, optimization, evaluation, and model interpretability. The recommendations help to ensure that key details are reported transparently by providing a structured set of questions.

Pericardial Fluid Accumulates microRNAs That Regulate Heart Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction.

Pericardial fluid (PF) has been suggested as a reservoir of molecular targets that can be modulated for efficient repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Here, we set out to address the content of this biofluid after MI, namely in terms of microRNAs (miRs) that are important modulators of the cardiac pathological response. PF was collected during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) from two MI cohorts, patients with non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) and patients with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI), and a control group composed of patients with stable angina and without previous history of MI.

Majority of Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum MLST allelic profiles in the Czech Republic (2004-2022) belong to two SS14-like clusters.

Syphilis is a multistage sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum. In the Czech Republic, there are around 700-800 new syphilis cases annually, continuously increasing since 2012.

The role of VI-RADS scoring criteria for predicting oncological outcomes in bladder cancer.

Purpose: Our purpose was to evaluate the prognostic value of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) in bladder cancer (BCa) staging and predicting recurrence or progression.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the prospectively collected data from 96 patients with bladder tumors who underwent VI-RADS-based multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) before endourological treatment from April 2021 to December 2022. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by comparing mpMRI reports with final pathology, using logistic regression for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) predictors.

Validation of the transcranial Doppler rescue criteria for mechanical thrombectomy.

Background And Purpose: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) identifies acute stroke patients with arterial occlusion where treatment may not effectively open the blocked vessel. This study aimed to examine the clinical utility and prognostic value of TCD flow findings in patients enrolled in a multicenter prospective study (CLOTBUST-PRO).

Methods: Patients enrolled with intracranial occlusion on computed tomography angiography (CTA) who underwent urgent TCD evaluation before intravenous thrombolysis was included in this analysis.

The presence of cribriform pattern in prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy is associated with negative postoperative pathological features.

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide. Its rising incidence and high overtreatment rate drive the search for new prognostic factors. Histopathological variants, such as cribriform pattern (CP), are associated with poorer oncologic outcome.

Coupling between beta band and high frequency oscillations as a clinically useful biomarker for DBS.

Beta hypersynchrony was recently introduced into clinical practice in Parkinson's disease (PD) to identify the best stimulation contacts and for adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) sensing. However, many other oscillopathies accompany the disease, and beta power sensing may not be optimal for all patients. The aim of this work was to study the potential clinical usefulness of beta power phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) with high frequency oscillations (HFOs).

Congenital absence of right coronary artery: a rare coronary anomaly: case report.

Single coronary artery is a rare congenital anomaly in which a single coronary artery arises from the aortic root that supplies the entire heart. It has variable clinical presentations ranging from a completely benign course to sudden cardiac death. Identifying and categorizing to high-risk type based on clinical presentation and anatomical features can present adverse cardiac events and provides better prognosis.

Baseline left atrial low-voltage area predicts recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation: WAVE-MAP AF results.

Aims: Electro-anatomical mapping may be critical to identify atrial fibrillation (AF) subjects who require substrate modification beyond pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The objective was to determine correlations between pre-ablation mapping characteristics and 12-month outcomes after a single PVI-only catheter ablation of AF.

Methods And Results: This study enrolled paroxysmal AF (PAF), early persistent AF (PsAF; 7 days-3 months), and non-early PsAF (>3-12 months) subjects undergoing de novo PVI-only radiofrequency catheter ablation.

The effect of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease reflected in EEG microstates.

Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on cortical networks were explored mainly by fMRI. Advanced analysis of high-density EEG is a source of additional information and may provide clinically useful biomarkers. The presented study evaluates EEG microstates in Parkinson's disease and the effect of DBS of the subthalamic nucleus (STN).

Prostate Cancer Morphologies: Cribriform Pattern and Intraductal Carcinoma Relations to Adverse Pathological and Clinical Outcomes-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The present study aimed to assess the association between the cribriform pattern (CP)/intraductal carcinoma (IDC) and the adverse pathological and clinical outcomes in the radical prostatectomy (RP) cohort. A systematic search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement (PRISMA). The protocol from this review was registered on the PROSPERO platform.

Diabetic Ketoalkalosis: A Common Yet Easily Overlooked Alkalemic Variant of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Mixed Acid-Base Disorders.

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is commonly complicated by mixed acid-base disorders. Therefore, patients with DKA can present with pH > 7.3 or bicarbonate > 18 mmol/L, which falls outside the values defined by the current traditional DKA criteria (pH ≤ 7.

Sex Remains Negative Prognostic Factor in Contemporary Cohort of High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Sex-specific differences in outcomes of patients diagnosed with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) have been reported with controversial findings. This study aims to investigate sex-specific diversities in the treatment and oncologic outcomes of primary HR-NMIBC in a multicenter setting. A multicenter retrospective analysis of 519 patients (388 men and 131 women) treated with transurethral resection (TUR) for primary HR-NMIBC was performed.

A Retrospective Analysis of Pedicle Screw Placement Accuracy Using the ExcelsiusGPS Robotic Guidance System: Case Series.

Background: Robotic guidance has become widespread in spine surgery. Although the intent is improved screw placement, further system-specific data are required to substantiate this intention for pedicle screws in spinal stabilization constructs.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of pedicle screws placed with the aid of a robot in a cohort of patients immediately after the adoption of the robot-assisted surgery technique.

Robotic-assisted spine surgery allows for increased pedicle screw sizes while still improving safety as indicated by elevated triggered electromyographic thresholds.

The present study used triggered electromyographic (EMG) testing as a tool to determine the safety of pedicle screw placement. In this Institutional Review Board exempt review, data from 151 consecutive patients (100 robotic; 51 non-robotic) who had undergone instrumented spinal fusion surgery of the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions were analyzed. The sizes of implanted pedicle screws and EMG threshold data were compared between screws that were placed immediately before and after adoption of the robotic technique.

Increased macrophage M2/M1 ratio is associated with intracranial aneurysm rupture.

Purpose: Intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture results in one of the most severe forms of stroke, with severe neurological sequelae. Inflammation appears to drive aneurysm formation and progression with macrophages playing a key role in this process. However, less is known about their involvement in aneurysm rupture.

Diversity and Inclusion in Orthopaedic Surgery from Medical School to Practice: AOA Critical Issues.

Orthopaedic surgery has historically been one of the least diverse fields in medicine in the U.S. Despite having been declared a critical issue by the American Orthopaedic Association, a lack of diversity and inclusion across all metrics remains a persistent problem.

Randomized comparison of atrioventricular node re-entry tachycardia and atrial flutter catheter ablation with and without fluoroscopic guidance: ZeroFluoro study.

Aims: Interventional cardiology procedures may expose patients and staff to considerable radiation doses. We aimed to assess whether exposure to ionizing radiation during catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) can be completely avoided.

Methods And Results: In this prospective randomized study, patients with SVT (atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia n = 94, typical atrial flutter n = 29) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to catheter ablation with conventional fluoroscopic guidance (CF group) or with the EnSite Precision mapping system [zerofluoro (ZF) group].

Differential spatial distribution of white matter lesions in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and cognitive sequelae.

White Matter Lesions (WML) are a radiological finding common in aged subjects. We explored the impact of WML on underlying neurodegenerative processes. We focused on the impact of WML on two neurodegenerative diseases with different pathology.

Association between CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.

Introduction: We examined the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older non-demented adults.

Methods: We included 784 persons (699 cognitively unimpaired, 85 with mild cognitive impairment) aged ≥ 50 years who underwent CSF amyloid beta (Aβ42), hyperphosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau), and total tau (t-tau) as well as NPS assessment using Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI-II, BAI), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q).

Results: Lower CSF Aβ42, and higher t-tau/Aβ42 and p-tau/Aβ42 ratios were associated with BDI-II and BAI total scores, clinical depression (BDI-II ≥ 13), and clinical anxiety (BAI ≥ 10), as well as NPI-Q-assessed anxiety, apathy, and nighttime behavior.

The reduction of hippocampal volume in Parkinson's disease.

The volume of the hippocampus decreases more slowly than the volume of the cortex during normal aging. We explored changes in the hippocampus-to-cortex volume (HV:CTV) ratio with increasing age in non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients as compared to healthy controls (HC). We also evaluated the association between the HV:CTV ratio and cognitive outcomes.

Diabetes mellitus, maternal adiposity, and insulin-dependent gestational diabetes are associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy: the INTERCOVID study.

Background: Among nonpregnant individuals, diabetes mellitus and high body mass index increase the risk of COVID-19 and its severity.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether diabetes mellitus and high body mass index are risk factors for COVID-19 in pregnancy and whether gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with COVID-19 diagnosis.

Study Design: INTERCOVID was a multinational study conducted between March 2020 and February 2021 in 43 institutions from 18 countries, enrolling 2184 pregnant women aged ≥18 years; a total of 2071 women were included in the analyses.

Cortical network organization reflects clinical response to subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

The degree of response to subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is individual and hardly predictable. We hypothesized that DBS-related changes in cortical network organization are related to the clinical effect. Network analysis based on graph theory was used to evaluate the high-density electroencephalography (HDEEG) recorded during a visual three-stimuli paradigm in 32 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated by STN-DBS in stimulation "off" and "on" states.

Hypercalcemia of malignancy in metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with simultaneous PTHrP and calcitriol overproduction: A case report with literature review.

Introduction And Importance: hypercalcemia of malignancy is a severe complication of malignancy and associated with poor prognosis. Four mechanisms are implicated in this metabolic disorder, including excess parathyroid-related peptide secretion, focal osteolysis secondary to bone metastasis or multiple myeloma, excess calcitriol production, and ectopic parathyroid hormone production. Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy secondary to isolated PTHrP or calcitriol overproduction is known; however, hypercalcemia of malignancy due to simultaneous PTHrP and calcitriol overproduction is less well known.